Total arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament / Reconstrução artroscópica total do ligamento cruzado anterior / Reconstrucción artroscópica total del ligamento cruzado anterior

ABSTRACT Introduction: Total internal arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is one of the new technologies in recent years. The main advantage is the need for only one tendon for the surgical procedure. Objective: Compare the clinical effects of total internal and traditional anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques. Methods: From January 2019 to January 2022, the clinical data of 45 patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were retrospectively analyzed, including 32 males and 13 females aged 18-33 years, mean of 24.2 ± 3.3 years. Total internal reconstruction was performed in 22 cases (total internal group) and traditional reconstruction in 23 cases (traditional group). The two groups recorded and compared the time of injury, duration of surgical procedure, postoperative VAS score, and recovery of knee function. The International Knee Literature Committee (IKDC) and the Lysholm scoring system were used to evaluate clinical efficacy. Results: 45 patients were followed for 14 to 18 months, mean (15.4 ± 1.3) months. There were no significant differences between the two groups in time between operation and injury, duration of operation, IKDC, and Lysholm score of the affected knee at the last follow-up. However, there were significant differences in the VAS score on day one, day three, day seven, two weeks, and one month after the operation (P < 0.05), with no significant difference at three months, six months, and one year after the operation. Conclusion: The effect of total internal reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament is equivalent to that of traditional methods, with less postoperative pain, making it the ideal choice for this treatment. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: A reconstrução artroscópica interna total do ligamento cruzado anterior é uma das novas tecnologias dos últimos anos. A principal vantagem é a necessidade de apenas um tendão para o procedimento cirúrgico. Objetivo: Comparar os efeitos clínicos da técnica interna total e da técnica tradicional na reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior. Métodos: Entre janeiro de 2019 a janeiro de 2022, os dados clínicos de 45 pacientes com reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior foram analisados retrospectivamente, incluindo 32 homens e 13 mulheres, com idades entre 18-33 anos, média de 24,2 ± 3,3 anos. A reconstrução interna total foi realizada em 22 casos (grupo interno total) e a reconstrução tradicional em 23 casos (grupo tradicional). O tempo da lesão, duração do procedimento cirúrgico, escore de VAS pós-operatório e recuperação da função do joelho dos dois grupos foram registrados e comparados. O Comitê Internacional de Literatura de Joelho (IKDC) e o sistema de pontuação de Lysholm foram utilizados para avaliar a eficácia clínica. Resultados: 45 pacientes foram acompanhados durante 14 a 18 meses, média de (15,4 ± 1,3) meses. Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos no tempo entre a operação e a lesão, a duração da operação, a pontuação do IKDC e Lysholm do joelho afetado no último acompanhamento. Porém, houveram diferenças significativas na pontuação do VAS no primeiro dia, terceiro dia, sétimo dia, duas semanas e um mês após a operação (P < 0,05), sem diferença significativa em três meses, seis meses e um ano após a operação. Conclusão: O efeito da reconstrução interna total do ligamento cruzado anterior é equivalente ao dos métodos tradicionais, com menor dor pós-operatória, sendo a escolha ideal para esse tratamento. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: La reconstrucción artroscópica interna total del ligamento cruzado anterior es una de las nuevas tecnologías de los últimos años. La principal ventaja es la necesidad de un solo tendón para el procedimiento quirúrgico. Objetivo: Comparar los efectos clínicos de la técnica interna total y la técnica tradicional en la reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior. Métodos: Desde enero de 2019 hasta enero de 2022, se analizaron retrospectivamente los datos clínicos de 45 pacientes con reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior, incluidos 32 hombres y 13 mujeres, de entre 18 y 33 años, con una media de 24,2 ± 3,3 años. Se realizó una reconstrucción interna total en 22 casos (grupo interno total) y una reconstrucción tradicional en 23 casos (grupo tradicional). Se registraron y compararon el momento de la lesión, la duración del procedimiento quirúrgico, la puntuación postoperatoria de la VAS y la recuperación de la función de la rodilla de los dos grupos. Se utilizaron el Comité Internacional de Literatura sobre la Rodilla (IKDC) y el sistema de puntuación de Lysholm para evaluar la eficacia clínica. Resultados: 45 pacientes fueron seguidos durante 14 a 18 meses, con una media de (15,4 ± 1,3) meses. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos en cuanto al tiempo transcurrido entre la operación y la lesión, la duración de la operación, la puntuación IKDC y Lysholm de la rodilla afectada en el último seguimiento. Sin embargo, hubo diferencias significativas en la puntuación de la VAS al primer día, al tercer día, al séptimo día, a las dos semanas y al mes después de la operación (p < 0,05), sin que hubiera diferencias significativas a los tres meses, a los seis meses y al año después de la operación. Conclusión: El efecto de la reconstrucción interna total del ligamento cruzado anterior es equivalente al de los métodos tradicionales, con menos dolor postoperatorio, lo que la convierte en la opción ideal para este tratamiento. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Impacts of soccer on executive function in boys with adhd / Impactos do futebol na função executiva de meninos com tdah / Impactos del fútbol en la función ejecutiva de los niños con tdah

ABSTRACT Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobiological disorder of genetic causes that appears in childhood. The main manifestations are inattention, hyperactivity, and emotional impulsivity. It is often accompanied by cognitive impairments and learning disabilities that seriously affect children's life, academic and social functions. Objective: Explore the impacts of soccer practice on executive function in boys with ADHD. Methods: Boys were selected from first and second graders in a public elementary school. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, and 8 boys in the control group were recruited according to the age difference of less than half a year. All children participated in various school sports activities, and the experimental group was added to soccer practice for 6 weeks. Results: There was no significant difference in cognitive subfunction between the soccer activity group, the conventional physical education teaching activity group, and the control group; however, the interaction between time and group factors proved to be significant P (4142) = 6.296, F< 0.01, it can be understood that the effect of the time factor on cognitive flexibility varies with different groups. Conclusion: The six-week soccer practice intervention can improve the executive function of 6-8-year-old boys with ADHD, especially inhibition control and cognitive flexibility, but does not represent a significant effect on memory. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigating treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) é um transtorno neurobiológico de causas genéticas que aparece na infância. As principais manifestações são desatenção, hiperatividade e impulso emocional. Muitas vezes é acompanhado por deficiências cognitivas e dificuldades de aprendizagem que afetam seriamente a vida, as funções acadêmicas e sociais das crianças. Objetivo: Explorar os impactos da prática do futebol sobre a função executiva em meninos com TDAH. Métodos: Os meninos foram selecionados entre os alunos da primeira e segunda séries de uma escola primária pública. Eles foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo experimental e grupo de controle, e 8 meninos do grupo de controle foram recrutados de acordo com a diferença de idade inferior a meio ano. Todas as crianças participavam de várias atividades esportivas escolares, e ao grupo experimental foi somada a prática do futebol durante 6 semanas. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa na subfunção cognitiva entre o grupo de atividade futebolística, o grupo de atividade de ensino de educação física convencional e o grupo de controle; porém a interação entre os fatores de tempo e fatores de grupo revelou-se significativa P(4142) = 6,296, F< 0,01, pode-se entender que o efeito do fator tempo sobre a flexibilidade cognitiva varia com os diferentes grupos. Conclusão: a intervenção de seis semanas de prática de futebol pode melhorar a função executiva dos meninos de 6-8 anos de idade com TDAH, especialmente o controle da inibição e a flexibilidade cognitiva, mas não representa efeito significativo sobre a memória. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno neurobiológico de causa genética que aparece en la infancia. Las principales manifestaciones son la falta de atención, la hiperactividad y la impulsividad emocional. Suele ir acompañada de deficiencias cognitivas y problemas de aprendizaje que afectan gravemente a la vida de los niños y a sus funciones académicas y sociales. Objetivo: Explorar los impactos de la práctica del fútbol en la función ejecutiva en niños con TDAH. Métodos: Se seleccionaron niños entre los alumnos de primer y segundo grado de una escuela primaria pública. Se dividieron aleatoriamente en grupo experimental y grupo de control, y se reclutaron 8 chicos del grupo de control según la diferencia de edad de menos de medio año. Todos los niños participaron en diversas actividades deportivas escolares, y al grupo experimental se le añadió la práctica del fútbol durante 6 semanas. Resultados: No hubo diferencias significativas en la subfunción cognitiva entre el grupo de actividad de fútbol, el grupo de actividad de enseñanza de la educación física convencional y el grupo de control; sin embargo, la interacción entre los factores tiempo y grupo resultó ser significativa P (4142) = 6,296, F< 0,01, puede entenderse que el efecto del factor tiempo sobre la flexibilidad cognitiva varía con los diferentes grupos. Conclusión: La intervención de seis semanas de práctica de fútbol puede mejorar la función ejecutiva de los niños de 6 a 8 años con TDAH, especialmente el control de la inhibición y la flexibilidad cognitiva, pero no representa un efecto significativo en la memoria. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Two-shift operation mode can improve the efficiency and comfort of flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for the treatment of renal calculi larger than 1.5cm.

PURPOSE: To compare two-shift operation mode and single player mode different impact on surgical results and operator comfort in flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for renal calculi larger than 1.5cm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From december 2017 to december 2018, 92 patients with renal calculi admitted to Qilu Hospital and were treated through fl exible ureteroscopy. They were randomized in two-shift group (n=50) and single player group (n=42). The operative time, blood loss, hospitalization stay after operation, residual fragments (≥4mm) rate, fragmentation speed, postoperative complications and operator's fatigue score were compared. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between two groups regarding age, gender, illness side, stone size, blood loss, operative time, postoperative hospitalization stay, complications, etc (p >0.05). The fragmentation speed was 44.5±20.0mm3/min in two-shift group compared with 34.2±17.3mm3/min in single player group (p=0.037). Residual fragments (≥4mm) rate after fi rst surgery was 18% in two-shift group, while the residual fragments (≥4mm) rate was 40.5% after first surgery in single player group (p=0.017). The total fatigue score of two-shift group was 8.4 compared to 29.9 in single player group (p <0.001). CONCLUSION: In flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for the treatment of renal calculi larger than 1.5cm, two-shift operation mode can raise the fragmentation speed and stone clearance rate, as well as signifi cantly lower operator's fatigue level and improve operator's comfort.

Two-shift operation mode can improve the efficiency and comfort of flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for the treatment of renal calculi larger than 1. 5cm

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare two-shift operation mode and single player mode different impact on surgical results and operator comfort in flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for renal calculi larger than 1.5cm. Materials and Methods: From december 2017 to december 2018, 92 patients with renal calculi admitted to Qilu Hospital and were treated through flexible ureteroscopy. They were randomized in two-shift group (n=50) and single player group (n=42). The operative time, blood loss, hospitalization stay after operation, residual fragments (≥4mm) rate, fragmentation speed, postoperative complications and operator's fatigue score were compared. Results: There was no significant difference between two groups regarding age, gender, illness side, stone size, blood loss, operative time, postoperative hospitalization stay, complications, etc (p >0.05). The fragmentation speed was 44.5±20.0mm3/min in two-shift group compared with 34.2±17.3mm3/min in single player group (p=0.037). Residual fragments (≥4mm) rate after first surgery was 18% in two-shift group, while the residual fragments (≥4mm) rate was 40.5% after first surgery in single player group (p=0.017). The total fatigue score of two-shift group was 8.4 compared to 29.9 in single player group (p <0.001). Conclusion: In flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for the treatment of renal calculi larger than 1.5cm, two-shift operation mode can raise the fragmentation speed and stone clearance rate, as well as significantly lower operator's fatigue level and improve operator's comfort.

Changes in mast cell infiltration: a possible mechanism in detrusor overactivity induced by visceral hypersensitivity.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the detrusor overactivity (DO) model induced by visceral hypersensitivity (VH) and investigate the relationship between mast cell (MC) infiltration and DO. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty rats are divided into 4 groups randomly: Group 1:Baseline group; Group 2: DO group; Group 3: CON group; Group 4: VH group. The colorectal distension (CRD) and abdominal withdral reflex (AWR) scores are performed to evaluate VH. The cystometric investigation and histological test of MC infiltration are assessed. RESULTS: The threshold pressure of CRD in the VH group is significantly lower than that in the CON group (P<0.001). At the distension pressure ≥20 mmHg, the AWR scores of the VH group are significantly higher than those of the CON group (10 mmHg: P=0.33; 20 mmHg: P=0.028; 40 mmHg: P<0.001; 60 mmHg: P<0.001; 80 mmHg: P<0.001). DO model is successfully established in the VH group (DO rate=100%). Compared with the CON group, the numbers of MC infiltration are significantly increased in the VH group, including submucosa of bladder (P<0.001), mucosa lamina propria/mesentery of small intestine (P<0.001), and mucosa lamina propria/mesentery of large intestine (P<0.001). Furthermore, more MC activation as well as degranulation are observed in the VH group. CONCLUSIONS: It is indicated that DO model can be established in the VH rats. The MC infiltration may play an important role in DO induced by VH, and may be helpful to understand the mechanisms of DO in VH patients.

Changes in mast cell infiltration: a possible mechanism in detrusor overactivity induced by visceral hypersensitivity

ABSTRACT Objective: To establish the detrusor overactivity (DO) model induced by visceral hypersensitivity (VH) and investigate the relationship between mast cell (MC) infiltration and DO. Materials and Methods: Sixty rats are divided into 4 groups randomly: Group 1:Baseline group; Group 2: DO group; Group 3: CON group; Group 4: VH group. The colorectal distension (CRD) and abdominal withdral reflex (AWR) scores are performed to evaluate VH. The cystometric investigation and histological test of MC infiltration are assessed. Results: The threshold pressure of CRD in the VH group is significantly lower than that in the CON group (P<0.001). At the distension pressure ≥20 mmHg, the AWR scores of the VH group are significantly higher than those of the CON group (10 mmHg: P=0.33; 20 mmHg: P=0.028; 40 mmHg: P<0.001; 60 mmHg: P<0.001; 80 mmHg: P<0.001). DO model is successfully established in the VH group (DO rate=100%). Compared with the CON group, the numbers of MC infiltration are significantly increased in the VH group, including submucosa of bladder (P<0.001), mucosa lamina propria/mesentery of small intestine (P<0.001), and mucosa lamina propria/mesentery of large intestine (P<0.001). Furthermore, more MC activation as well as degranulation are observed in the VH group. Conclusions: It is indicated that DO model can be established in the VH rats. The MC infiltration may play an important role in DO induced by VH, and may be helpful to understand the mechanisms of DO in VH patients.