Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 5 de 5
Filter
Add more filters










Database
Language
Publication year range
1.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) ; 32(6): 824-829, 2022 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35869756

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the rapid diagnosis, treatment, and clinical course of a dog that ingested an amanitin-containing mushroom. CASE SUMMARY: A 2-month-old female intact Australian Shepherd presented with diarrhea and vomiting, along with a possible mushroom exposure. Upon presentation, the dog's urine was collected and tested positive by a point-of-care rapid diagnostic test specific for detecting amanitins, the causative agents of amatoxicosis. NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED: This is the first reported case of amatoxicosis that was diagnosed using a point-of-care test prior to starting treatment. An early diagnosis helps to guide early treatment decisions in this frequently fatal toxicosis.


Subject(s)
Amanitins , Dog Diseases , Mushroom Poisoning , Animals , Dogs , Female , Amanitins/poisoning , Australia , Dog Diseases/chemically induced , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Early Diagnosis , Mushroom Poisoning/diagnosis , Mushroom Poisoning/veterinary , Point-of-Care Testing , Urinalysis/veterinary
2.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 258(5): 502-509, 2021 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33620242

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To report history, physical examination findings, clinicopathologic abnormalities, treatments, and outcomes of dogs with confirmed α-amanitin toxicosis resulting from ingestion of α-amanitin-containing mushrooms, and to report whether any differences were significant between survivors and nonsurvivors. ANIMALS: 59 dogs. PROCEDURES: Medical records of all dogs with confirmed α-amanitin toxicosis presented to a northern California emergency and specialty veterinary hospital between January 2006 and July 2019 were reviewed for signalment; body weight; history; physical examination findings including rectal temperature at presentation; results of serum biochemical analyses, coagulation tests, and a test for the detection of α-amanitin in urine; treatments; and outcomes. Differences for each were compared between survivors and nonsurvivors. RESULTS: Among the 59 dogs, 36 were < 1 year of age; 56 had variable clinical signs that included vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and weakness or lethargy; and 22 had rectal temperatures > 39.2°C (102.5°F) at presentation. Cases were seen throughout the calendar year. At presentation, alanine aminotransferase activity was mildly to markedly increased in 97% of dogs, hypoglycemia was noted in 78%, and coagulation times were prolonged in 91%. Most dogs that rapidly decompensated died; however, 13 dogs survived to hospital discharge and completely recovered. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Ability to recognize dogs with α-amanitin toxicosis on the basis of clinical signs, physical examination findings, and clinicopathologic test results is essential because mushroom ingestion is rarely observed and immediate treatment is necessary. Dogs that have marked hypoglycemia or coagulopathy may have a poor prognosis.


Subject(s)
Agaricales , Dog Diseases , Alpha-Amanitin , Animals , Dog Diseases/chemically induced , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Dog Diseases/therapy , Dogs , Physical Examination , Retrospective Studies , Vomiting/veterinary
3.
Toxins (Basel) ; 12(2)2020 02 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32075251

ABSTRACT

Globally, mushroom poisonings cause about 100 human deaths each year, with thousands of people requiring medical assistance. Dogs are also susceptible to mushroom poisonings and require medical assistance. Cyclopeptides, and more specifically amanitins (or amatoxins, here), are the mushroom poison that causes the majority of these deaths. Current methods (predominantly chromatographic, as well as antibody-based) of detecting amatoxins are time-consuming and require expensive equipment. In this work, we demonstrate the utility of the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for the rapid detection of amatoxins in urine samples. The LFIA detects as little as 10 ng/mL of α-amanitin (α-AMA) or γ-AMA, and 100 ng/mL of ß-AMA in urine matrices. To demonstrate application of this LFIA for urine analysis, this study examined fortified human urine samples and urine collected from exposed dogs. Urine is sampled directly without the need for any pretreatment, detection from urine is completed in 10 min, and the results are read by eye, without the need for specialized equipment. Analysis of both fortified human urine samples and urine samples collected from intoxicated dogs using the LFIA correlated well with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods.


Subject(s)
Amanitins/urine , Dog Diseases/urine , Immunoassay/methods , Mushroom Poisoning/urine , Point-of-Care Testing , Amanitins/chemistry , Animals , Dogs , Humans , Immunoassay/veterinary , Molecular Structure , Mushroom Poisoning/veterinary , Sensitivity and Specificity
4.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract ; 38(3): 443-7, viii, 2008 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18402866

ABSTRACT

This article serves as a quick reference for the anion gap and strong ion gap. Guidelines for analysis and interpretation of changes are presented.


Subject(s)
Acid-Base Equilibrium/physiology , Acid-Base Imbalance/veterinary , Blood Proteins/analysis , Acid-Base Imbalance/diagnosis , Acid-Base Imbalance/etiology , Animals , Anions/analysis , Blood Proteins/metabolism , Cations/analysis , Reference Values
5.
J Vet Intern Med ; 21(5): 976-81, 2007.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17939552

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hereditary factor VII (FVII) deficiency is characterized as a mild bleeding disorder in Beagles, caused by a missense mutation in exon 5 of the FVII gene. An Alaskan Klee Kai dog with severe bleeding after trauma was diagnosed with FVII deficiency based on coagulation testing. Molecular analyses were undertaken to identify the genetic basis of the defect in this breed. HYPOTHESIS: FVII deficiency in Alaskan Klee Kai dogs is caused by a mutation in the FVII gene. ANIMALS: Eighteen client-owned Alaskan Klee Kai. METHODS: Coagulation screening tests and factor assays were performed to characterize the coagulopathy. All coding regions of the propositus' FVII gene were sequenced. Amplification of exon 5, sequencing, and Mnl I restriction digest experiments were performed to screen for a point mutation in the remaining 17 dogs. RESULTS: FVII deficiency was diagnosed in 6 dogs with a median FVII activity (FVII: C) of 5% (reference range, 50 150%). All FVII-deficient Alaskan Klee Kai were homozygous for the same mutation as FVII-deficient Beagles (ie, a G to A transition), resulting in substitution of glycine 96 by glutamic acid. An overlap in the FVII: C values obtained from heterozygote and wild-type dogs precluded accurate detection of carriers without genetic screening. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: FVII deficiency may be associated with a bleeding tendency and should be considered in Alaskan Klee Kai dogs with prolonged prothrombin times. Plasma FVII: C accurately identifies affected dogs, but deoxyribonucleic acid testing is required for identification of carriers.


Subject(s)
Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited/veterinary , Dog Diseases/genetics , Factor VII Deficiency/veterinary , Factor VII/genetics , Animals , Base Sequence , Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited/genetics , Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited/pathology , DNA/chemistry , DNA/genetics , Dog Diseases/blood , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dogs , Factor VII Deficiency/genetics , Factor VII Deficiency/pathology , Female , Genotype , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , Mutation, Missense/genetics , Partial Thromboplastin Time/veterinary , Pedigree , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Prothrombin Time/veterinary , Sequence Analysis, DNA
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...