User Needs and Factors Associated With the Acceptability of Audiovisual Feedback Devices for Chest Compression Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

The use of audiovisual feedback devices to guide the quality of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation has increased in recent years. Audiovisual feedback devices can be classified as integrated (eg, Zoll AED Plus defibrillator) or standalone (eg, CPRmeter). This study aimed to explore users' needs and factors affecting the acceptability of audiovisual feedback devices. Semistructured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals involved in lifesaving activities. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology was used as a theoretical framework for the study. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model has four constructs: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating factors. Ten themes were identified under the four constructs. The performance expectancy constructs include three themes: perceived usefulness, outcome expectation, and applicability in diverse situations. The effort expectancy construct encompasses two themes: user-friendliness and complexity. The social influence construct has two themes: social and organizational factors. Lastly, the facilitating factors construct includes three themes: staff competence, perceived cost, and compatibility of devices. Exploring the needs and factors influencing the acceptability of audiovisual feedback devices used during cardiopulmonary resuscitation will inform healthcare providers, managers, manufacturers, and procurers on how to improve the efficiency and use of these devices.

The effect of standalone audio-visual feedback devices on the quality of chest compressions during laypersons' cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIMS: Individual studies that investigated the effect of standalone audio-visual feedback (AVF) devices during laypersons' cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training have yielded conflicting results. This review aimed to evaluate the effect of standalone AVF devices on the quality of chest compressions during laypersons' CPR training. METHOD AND RESULT: Randomized controlled trials of simulation studies recruiting participants without actual patient CPR experience were included. The intervention evaluated was the quality of chest compressions with standalone AVF devices vs. without AVF devices. Databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Central, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, and PsycINFO, were searched from January 2010 to January 2022. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A meta-analysis alongside a narrative synthesis was used for examining the effect of standalone AVF devices.Sixteen studies were selected for this systematic review. A meta-analysis revealed an increased compression depth of 2.22 mm [95% CI (Confidence Interval), 0.88-3.55, P = 0.001] when participants performed CPR using the feedback devices. Besides, AVF devices enabled laypersons to deliver compression rates closer to the recommended range of 100-120 per min. No improvement was noted in chest recoil and hand positioning when participants used standalone AVF devices. CONCLUSION: The quality of the included studies was variable, and different standalone AVF devices were used. Standalone AVF devices were instrumental in guiding laypersons to deliver deeper compressions without compromising the quality of compression rates. However, the devices did not improve the quality of chest recoil and placement of the hands. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO: CRD42020205754.

Emergency nurses´ knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers regarding pain Management in Resource-Limited Settings: cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Pain is a common phenomenon among emergency patients which may lead to chronic pain conditions and alteration of physiological function. However, it is widely reported that proper pain assessment and management, which is often accomplished by adequately trained nurses reduce the suffering of patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the emergency nurses´ knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers regarding pain management. METHODS: A cross-sectional quantitative study design was applied to determine the nurses´ knowledge level, attitude and the perceived barriers related to pain management. Hundred twenty-six nurses from the emergency departments of seven referral hospitals of Eritrea participated in the study. Data were collected in August and September 2017. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarize and elaborate on the results. RESULT: In general, the knowledge level and attitude of the emergency nurses was poor. The participants' correct mean score was 49.5%. Nurses with Bachelor's Degree had significantly higher knowledge and attitude level compared to the nurses at the Diploma and Certificate level of professional preparation (95% CI = 7.1-16.7 and 9.4-19.1; p <  0.001) respectively. Similarly, nurses who had previous training regarding pain scored significantly higher knowledge level compared to those without training (95% CI =1.82-8.99; p = 0.003). The highest perceived barriers to adequate pain management in emergency departments were measured to be overcrowding of the emergency department (2.57 ± 1.25), lack of protocols for pain assessment (2.45 ± 1.52), nursing workload (2.44 ± 1.29) and lack of pain assessment tools (2.43 ± 1.43). There was no significant difference in perceived barriers among nurses with different demographic characteristics. CONCLUSION: The emergency nurses' knowledge and attitude regarding pain management were poor. Nurses with higher educational level and nurses with previous training scored significantly higher knowledge level. This indicates the need for nursing schools and the ministry of health to work together to educate nurses to a higher level of preparation for pain assessment and management.