ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The current study aims to determine the expression of trefoil factor 2 (TFF2), trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), and adrenomedullin (ADM) in salivary samples of periodontitis patients with and without coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: A total of 75 patients were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into three groups of 25 patients each: generalized periodontitis (GP) only; GP+CHD; and CHD only. Demographic, periodontal, and cardiac parameters were recorded, and unstimulated saliva samples were collected and analyzed for the expression of TFF2, TFF3, and ADM. RESULTS: Among the demographic variables, the means for age, weight, and body mass index were significantly different between the groups on statistical analysis. Plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and the expression of TFF2 were highest in the GP+CHD group, and ADM was highest in the CHD group, with P values of < 0.01 as compared to the other groups. TFF2, TFF3, and ADM were also correlated with the demographic and periodontal parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates significantly elevated levels of TFF2 in CHD and GP patients, and a higher expression of ADM in CHD patients only, suggesting the possibility of an underlying inflammatory mechanism.
Subject(s)
Chronic Periodontitis , Coronary Disease , Humans , Chronic Periodontitis/complications , Trefoil Factor-2 , Adrenomedullin , Trefoil Factor-3 , Coronary Disease/complications , Trefoil Factor-1ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to evaluate the levels of salivary uric acid and arginase in patients with periodontitis, generalized gingivitis, and in healthy individuals. Then, the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on levels of salivary arginase and uric acid were also investigated. METHODS: A total of 60 subjects were divided into three groups based on periodontal health: group I comprised 20 healthy individuals; group II comprised 20 subjects who had generalized gingivitis; group III comprised 20 subjects who had generalized periodontitis. On day 0, the clinical examination of periodontal status was recorded, following which saliva samples were collected. Group II and group III subjects underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy. These patients were recalled on day 30 to collect saliva samples. The periodontal parameters were reassessed on day 90, and saliva samples were collected for analysis of salivary arginase and uric acid levels. RESULTS: Group II and group III showed improvement in clinical parameters following non-surgical periodontal therapy on the 90th day. The MGI score, PPD, and CAL showed improvement. On day 0, at baseline, salivary arginase levels in group III and group II were higher than those in healthy subjects, whereas on day 0, salivary uric acid levels in group III and group II were lower than those in healthy subjects. Both on day 0 and day 90, the salivary arginase level showed a positive correlation with the periodontal parameters, whereas the salivary uric acid level was positively correlated with the periodontal parameters on day 90. CONCLUSION: the level of salivary arginase was a pro-inflammatory marker and a raised level of salivary uric acid was an anti-inflammatory marker following periodontal therapy, suggesting their pivotal role in assessing periodontal status and evaluation of treatment outcome.
ABSTRACT
The present study aims to compare the levels of micro-RNA-146a and micro-RNA-126 in oral subgingival plaque and coronary plaque from artery walls in patients with coronary artery disease who suffer from generalized periodontitis. A total of 75 participants were selected and grouped into three categories of 25 patients each: GP+CAD, GP, and HP groups. GP+CAD consisted of patients diagnosed with generalized periodontitis (GP) and coronary artery disease (CAD). The GP+CAD group was further divided into two groups-GP+CADa: where subgingival plaque samples were collected; GP+CADb group: where coronary plaque samples were collected while the patient underwent a coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The GP group consisted of 25 patients diagnosed with only generalized periodontitis. The HP group consisted of 25 systemically and periodontally healthy controls. miRNA-146a and miRNA126 levels were assessed in subgingival plaque (SP) samples from all groups. Results revealed that miRNA-146a was expressed at higher levels and miRNA-126 was downregulated in the GP+CAD group. microRNAs in subgingival plaque samples showed a significant correlation with the coronary plaque samples in the GP+CAD group. miRNA-146a and miRNA-126 were present in coronary artery disease patients with periodontitis. These micro-RNAs may serve as risk biomarkers for coronary artery disease and generalized periodontitis.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Gingival recession is a common occurrence in periodontal disease leading to an unaesthetic appearance of the gingiva. The effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), when used along with double lateral sliding bridge flap (DLSBF), remains unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of PRF in conjunction with DLSBF for multiple gingival recessions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty systemically healthy individuals exhibiting Grade II gingival recession on their mandibular central incisors were recruited in this study. These patients were randomly assigned into two groups: DLSBF and PRF + DLSBF. The clinical parameters that were evaluated in this study were gingiva recession height, gingiva recession width, width of keratinized gingiva, clinical attachment level, and probing depth. PRF was procured from the patient's blood at the time of the surgery and used for the procedure. The follow-up was performed at 12 and 24 weeks postsurgery. RESULTS: Statistically significant difference was observed between the clinical parameters at baseline and 12 and 24 weeks within the groups. There was no statistically significant difference, between the groups. Mean root coverage (RC) was 80% ±29.1% in the DLSBF group and 78.8% ±37.6% in the DLSBF + PRF group with no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION: From the results obtained in this study, the addition of PRF to DLSBF gives no additional benefits to the clinical parameters measured in RC.
