[Infra-red spectrometry in oral liquid study for diagnostic purposes].

Infra-red (IR) spectrometry of the saliva was done by means of specially developed hardware-software complex. It was established, that in 9 wide ranges of the IR-spectrum there were diverse fluctuations of transmittance that characterize intermolecular interactions of various molecules associated with water and metabolites of biological systems. The found fluctuations were characterized quantitatively by dispersion of transmittance coefficients. It gave chance on 9 values of the given values by means of multidimensional analysis (Mahalanobis distance and Bartlett's criteria) defined on various frequencies of spectrum in comparison with the standard, quantitatively characterize the state of biological liquid that can be used 4 diagnostic purposes.

[Auto-venous femoral-popliteal bypass in patients of different age groups]. / Autovenoznoe bedrenno-podkolennoe shuntirovanie u patsientov razlichnykh vozrastnykh grupp.

The results of autovenous femoro-popliteal shunting performed in 106 patients with infrainguinal atherosclerotic arterial occlusion were investigated. All the patients were divided into 3 groups: younger than 50, from 50 to 60 and older than 60 years of age. The most favorable results were registered in the group of patients aged from 50 to 60. In 3 years these results made up 52.2%, in 5 years--17.4%. The lowest indices of shunt functioning were noted in patients younger than 50, and 3 and 5 years later they were 38.5 and 7.7% respectively. In 70% of this age group patients there were injuries of the main crural arteries and significant changes in the phospholipid fraction level. The main cause of unsatisfactory results of shunting operations in the femoro-popliteal area is though to be the injuries of the main crural arteries and the progressing course of the atherosclerotic process.

[The influence of the experimental hyperlipoproteinemia on lipid composition and infrared spectrum of hypothalamic and hippocampal tissues]. / Vliianie éksperimental'noi giperlipoproteinemii na lipidnyi sostav i pokazateli infrakrasnogo spektra tkanei gipotalamusa i gippokampa.

Lipid composition and parameters of infrared (IR) spectrum of the tissues controlling heart activity (hypothalamus and hippocamp) were studied in rabbits with experimental hyperlipoproteinemia. Thin-layer chromatography discovered that in atherogenic dislipoproteinemia hypothalamic and hippocampal cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids and phospholipids occurred in higher quantities while the levels of phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylserines were subnormal. Altered parameters of IR-spectrum of hypothalamic and hippocampal tissue homogenates in atherogenesis were seen in the regions reflecting specific features of structural organization of water molecules. The analysis of the data allows the conclusion that disturbed structural transformation of water in the central nervous system in atherosclerosis is an important link of pathogenesis of electric heart unstability which may result in a sudden cardiac death.

[Effect of superlow quantities of hydrogen peroxide on water base of solutions]. / Vliianie sverkhmalykh kolichestv peroksida vodoroda na vodnuiu osnovu rastvorov.

In was shown previously that cations in superlow concentrations strongly change the integral characteristics of the state of the solution water component. The role of the structure of the water component in this process was examined using a model of hydrogen peroxide transformation in water. The dispersion rates of the transmission factors for nine regions of the IR spectrum were analyzed in hydrogen peroxide solutions of different superlow concentrations having the Makhalanobis criteria maximal and close to the standard, which indicate the integral state of the water component in the presence of this substance.

[Fluctuations of pass band coefficients of water and water salt solutions in the spectral infrared region]. / Fluktuatsii koéffitsientov propuskaniia vody i vodnykh rastvorov solei v infrakrasnoi oblasti spektra.

The effect of superlow concentrations of KCl and CaCl2 solutions, obtained by diluting starting 1 M solutions of these salts 10(9)-10(15) times, on the fluctuations of pass band coefficients of water was studied. It was found that these solutions are substantially distinguished from bidistilled water by a high intensity of fluctuations of spectra in the infrared region. It was also shown that higher concentrations of solutions of these salts (at dilutions less than 10(8) times) have no strong and specific effect on fluctuations of the infrared spectrum: the intensity of fluctuations of the infrared spectra of these solutions practically coincides with that of control water. Possible reasons for this effect are discussed.

[Blood infrared spectrometry in progressive myodystrophy]. / Infrakrasnaia spektrometriia krovi pri progressiruiushchikh myshechnykh distrofiiakh.

Twenty four patients with various progressive myodistrophy (PMD) types have been examined. Initial and follow-up blood counts, using infrared spectrometry, were carried out. All the patients had phospholipid dysbolism. Its level positively correlated with myodistrophy severity. Phospholipid level decrease was associated with membrane permeability increase. The authors consider phospholipid dysfunction as one of the key PMD pathogenetic mechanisms. Blood infrared spectrometry is recommended for PMD severity determination, in diagnosis and therapy which is pathogenetically substantiated.

[Change in phospholipid content in platelets, immunocompetent cells and myometrial tissue in patients with internal endometriosis]. / Izmenenie soderzhaniia fosfolipidov v trombotsitakh, immunokompetentnykh kletkakh i tkani miometriia u bol'nykh vnutrennim éndometriozom.

A method of flow horizontal chromatography has been developed permitting investigation of blood and tissue cellular phospholipids ruling out lipid peroxidation effects on cellular membranes. Phospholipid levels of blood and myometrial tissue cells were measured by this method in 67 patients with histologically verified internal endometriosis. Phospholipid and phosphatidyl inosite levels in platelets and immunocompetent cells of these patients reliably differed from those in healthy women. Phosphatidyl inosite levels of heterotopic endometrial tissue was increased by 1.4 times vs. the norm on an average. In parallel with this, a reliable change of phosphatidyl cholines and inosites levels in endometriosis foci were detected as against their levels in intact tissue. The authors suggest a method for the diagnosis of internal endometriosis by phosphatidyl inosite levels in blood lymphocytes.

[Phospholipid and glycerol levels in women's erythrocytes depending on body iron reserves]. / Soderzhanie fosfolipidov i glitserolov v éritrotsitakh zhenshchin v zavisimosti ot zapasov zheleza v organizme.

Red cell phospholipids and glycerols were measured in 18 normal by peripheral blood hemoglobin, 19 iron deficient (latent deficiency) and in 20 hypoferric anemia females. Latent and manifest iron deficiency caused a pronounced elevation in the levels of glycerols, lysophosphatidylinositols, lysophosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositol diphosphates and a drop in the phosphatidylserines in erythrocytes. This provokes serious structural and functional alterations in erythrocytic membranes of iron deficient subjects.

[Changes in the content of phospholipids and their metabolic products in the blood and tissues of patients with endometriosis interna and cancer of the corpus uteri]. / Izmenenie soderzhaniia fosfolipidov i produktov ikh metabolizma v krovi i tkani u bol'nykh vnutrennim éndometriozom i rakom tela matki.

Levels of phospholipids, phosphoinosites, phosphatidylinosite-3-phosphates, diacylglycerols, arachidonic acid, prostaglandins E, F, J, and thromboxane A2 in patients with endometriosis and cancer of the corpus uteri were found to differ from those in healthy women. Biochemical parameters of whole blood and myometrial tissue of endometriosis patients differ significantly from those of patients with corpus uteri cancer. The authors suggest that reduction of phosphatidylinosite and phosphatidulinosite-3-phosphate levels in whole blood and their parallel increase in myometrial tissue are conducive to cellular proliferation and malignant degeneration.

[The dynamics of the rapid changes in the phospholipids of the whole blood and blood cells in patients with endometriosis interna]. / Dinamika bystrykh izmenenii fosfolipidov tsel'noi krovi i kletok krovi u bol'nykh vnutrennim éndometriozom.

Time course of rapid changes in blood phospholipids and blood cells was studied in 44 patients with endometriosis. Rapid reversible blood phospholipid changes were observed when these patients' red cells and lymphocytes were incubated with calcium chloride. Time course of rapid changes in phosphoinosites, sphyngomyelines, phosphatidylserines, phosphlatidylethanolamines of patients' red and white blood cells, whole blood, and myometrial tissue differed significantly from that in healthy women. The authors suppose that cellular proliferation processes in endometriosis are connected with phospholipid homeostasis disorders in blood cells and tissue.

[Changes in phosphatidylinositol content in patients with myocardial infarct]. / Issledovanie dinamiki soderzhaniia fosfatidilinozita u bol'nykh s infarktom miokarda.

The changes of phosphatidylinositol content in blood of patients with myocardial infarction was studied. A procedure is developed for multiple estimation of phosphatidylinositol content within short-time intervals which enabled one to obtain additional data on the functional state of biomembranes. In the clinical practice the data obtained may be used for diagnosis and evaluation of efficiency of ischemic heart disease treatment.

[Dynamic features of rapid changes of blood phosphoinositides in patients with chronic alcoholism]. / Osobennosti dinamiki bystrykh izmenenii fosfoinozitidov krovi u bol'nykh khronicheskim alkogolizmom.

The time-course of rapid changes in blood phosphoinositide content was studied in 48 patients with Stage II chronic alcoholism of and in healthy volunteers. Content of phosphoinositides was estimated within short intervals 30, 60, 120 and 180 sec after the samples were obtained. In the blood of the patients with alcoholism as compared with healthy volunteers the time-course of rapid changes in phosphoinositide content exhibited a higher amplitude and failed to return to the initial level within 3 min. Alterations in content of the phospholipid correlated with duration of alcohol abuse. The data obtained suggest that homeostasis of main biochemical regulators is impaired after alcohol consumption.

[Characteristics of the dynamics of rapid changes in blood phosphoinositides in patients with alcoholic heart diseases]. / Ossobennosti dinamiki bystrykh izmenenii fosfoinozitidov v krovi bol'nykh s alkogol'nym porazheniem serdtsa.

A total of 42 patients who had been abusing alcoholic beverages during different periods and 12 healthy individuals were examined. Their intracardiac hemodynamic parameters were evaluated by echocardiography and rapid changes in inositol-containing blood lipids were determined by thin-layer flow chromatography. The patients showed significantly reduced contractility of the left ventricle, its wall hypertrophy and greater cavity dimensions. These abnormalities were more pronounced in patients with an over 10-year history. Biochemical studies revealed a time course of rapid changes in inositol-containing lipids in patients, which showed more fluctuations in the content of phosphoinositides and their lower baseline and final levels and differed from that in healthy persons. It was stressed that the changes in inositol-containing lipids were also related to the duration of alcohol abuse and they reflected the mechanisms of the toxic action of ethanol on the myocardium, which might be useful in the assessment of the severity of cardiovascular events in alcoholism.

[The use of blood phosphatidylinositol indices for the diagnosis of tumorous diseases of the maxillofacial area]. / Ispol'zovanie pokazatelei fosfatidilinozitov v krovi dlia diagnostiki opukholevykh zabolevanii cheliustno-litsevoi oblasti.

Phosphatidyl inositol levels were measured by flow thin-layer chromatography in red cells, platelets, lymphocytes, plasma, and whole blood of 198 patients with maxillofacial malignant and benign tumors and in 50 donors. Phosphatidyl inositol levels in the blood and its fragments were found reduced twofold in the patients with malignant tumors as against controls. Reduction of blood phosphatidyl inositol level to 185 +/- 11.0 mol of phosphatidyl inositol phosphorus per liter evidences the presence of a malignant tumor in the maxillofacial area in 97.6% of cases, this being confirmed by x-ray and histologic findings.

[The dynamic change in the content of total lipids in myocardial infarct patients]. / Dinamika izmeneniia soderzhaniia obshchikh lipidov u bol'nykh infarktom miokarda.

The dynamics of the content of total lipids (cholesterol and cholesterol esters) was studied in patients with acute large-focal uncomplicated myocardial infarction in different disease periods. Rapid quantitative changes that occur in the content of cholesterol and its esters in the test groups were established to be characterized by marked specificity and by the form of its own in different disease periods (in the acute period--days 2-5 and on day 15--the health status stabilization). It is advisable that the characteristics of the dynamics of rapid reversible changes in the content of total lipids may be used for estimating the status gravity of patients with uncomplicated large-focal myocardial infarction.

[The dynamics of the blood level of phosphatidylinositol in patients with myocardial infarction]. / Dinamika soderzhaniia v krovi fosfatidilinozita u bol'nykh infarktom miokarda.

Phospholipids, particularly inositol-containing ones, that serve as secondary messengers and bioregulators of fundamental biochemical processes, essentially contribute to the origination of cardiovascular diseases. These compounds are highly labile and the data on their levels in the blood and its components in various cardiovascular conditions are contradictory. This may be explained by the fact that phosphatidylinositol levels change immediately after blood collection. Therefore the authors found it interesting to investigate the time course of this phospholipid levels, that may to a certain measure reflect the pattern of the metabolic disorders present in this case. They suggest a method of multiple measurements of phosphatidylinositol levels, carried out in short intervals, this yielding additional data on the function of biologic membranes, that may be useful in the diagnosis of coronary disease and assessment of the efficacy of treatment of this condition.

[Changes in phosphatidylinositol levels in the blood and its components in patients with leukemia]. / Izmenenie soderzhaniia fosfatidilinozitov v krovi i ee fragmentakh u bol'nykh leikozami.

Continuous thin-layer chromatography was used in the assay of phosphatidylinositol (PI) content in the blood and its fragments. A significant reduction in the level of these compounds was recorded in leukemia patients as compared to that in normal donors and anemia patients. The reduction of PI level in the blood may evidence that the enzymatic systems of the blood cells have partially lost their capacity for maintaining the homeostasis of these compounds. The treatment of leukemia patients with lanvis, myleran and chlorambucil improved the general condition of the patients and normalized their clinico-laboratory parameters. A significant rise of PI level in the blood and its fragments as compared to the levels before the treatment was observed in these patients. The data obtained could be used in clinical practice for complex diagnosis of leukemia as well as for the patient follow-up during the treatment with varying drugs.

[Changes in the level of tightly-bound mitochondrial phospholipids induced by exogenous factors]. / Izmenenie soderzhaniia prochnosviazannykh fosfolipidov mitokhondrii pod vliianiem ékzogennykh faktorov.

The effects of some parameters of the incubation medium (tonicity, H+ and Pi concentration) on the phospholipid content in rat mitochondrial extracts prepared by normal extraction and by extraction with strongly acidified solvent mixtures, were studied. It was found that after normal extraction with a chloroform-methanol mixture, 8% to 25% of mitochondrial phospholipids can be additionally extracted by acidified solvent mixtures. The concentration of weakly extractable lipids depends on the tonicity and ionic composition of the incubation medium. It was suggested that there exist in mitochondria two lipid pools, a loosely and a tightly-bound ones; the equilibrium between these pools is effectively regulated by medium tonicity and other external factors.

[The use horizontal flow chromatography for the isolation of phosphatidyl inositols from various tissues]. / Ispol'zovanie metoda protochnoi gorizontal'noi khromatografii dlia vydeleniia fosfatidilinozitov iz razlichnykh tkanei.

A procedure is described which enabled to isolate rapidly at the preparative scale as well as to estimate with high rate of sensitivity the phosphatidyl inositols in mixtures of native lipids. Efficiency of the procedure developed is based on some advantages of the technique of horizontal flow chromatography as well as on use of silica gel containing potassium carbonate obtained after precipitation. Quantitative estimation of phosphatidyl inositols involved densitometry of narrow silica gel strips containing 10-15 samples simultaneously.