ABSTRACT
Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory condition characterized by proximal muscle weakness and classic skin manifestations. The severity of these symptoms, however, can vary greatly. Here we present the case of a woman with a particularly severe form of the cutaneous signs. It is important to recognize the potential severity of this condition as the uncontrolled progression of this disease can lead to respiratory compromise and cardiac involvement.
ABSTRACT
A retained urethral foreign body is an uncommon presentation in the Emergency Department. The diagnosis and treatment of retained urethral foreign bodies are determined by their size, location, shape, and mobility and often require specialty consultation and operative intervention. In this case of a 74-year-old man with a self-inserted, retained urethral foreign body, we present the utility of a bedside ultrasound to detect the depth, size, and distance from the meatus of the object to guide the approach to extraction of the object at the bedside in the Emergency Department. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 46:296-298, 2018.
Subject(s)
Foreign Bodies/diagnostic imaging , Urethra/diagnostic imaging , Aged , Foreign Bodies/psychology , Humans , Male , Sexual Behavior , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Studies of physical activity behaviours have increasingly shown the importance of heritable factors such as genetic variation. Nonsynonymous polymorphisms of alpha-actinin 3 (ACTN3) and the ß-adrenergic receptors 1 and 3 (ADRB1 and ADRB3) have been previously associated with exercise capacity and cardiometabolic health. We thus hypothesized that these polymorphisms are also related to physical activity behaviours in young adults. To test this hypothesis we examined relationships between ACTN3 (R577X), ARDB1 (Arg389Gly), ADRB3 (Trp64Arg), and physical activity behaviours in university students. We stratified for student enrollment in kinesiology degree programs compared with nonmajors as we previously found this to be a predictor of physical activity. We did not identify novel associations between physical activity and ACTN3. However, the minor alleles of ADRB1 and ADRB3 were significantly underrepresented in kinesiology students compared with nonmajors. Furthermore, carriers of the ADRB1 minor allele reported reduced participation in moderate physical activity and increased afternoon fatigue compared with ancestral allele homozygotes. Together, these findings suggest that the heritability of physical activity behaviours in young adults may be linked to nonsynonymous polymorphisms within ß-adrenergic receptors.
Subject(s)
Actinin/genetics , Exercise , Health Behavior , Kinesiology, Applied/education , Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/genetics , Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Alleles , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Cholesterol/blood , Cohort Studies , Diet , Female , Genetic Loci , Genetic Markers , Genotyping Techniques , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Humans , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/blood , Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Metabolic Syndrome/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Students , Surveys and Questionnaires , Triglycerides/blood , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is a research priority for the improved management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) and mesothelin (MSLN) have shown potential as serum biomarkers in other cancers, but have not been adequately studied in PDAC. METHODS: Serum IGFBP2 and MSLN levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a cohort of 84 PDAC patients, 84 healthy control subjects and 40 chronic pancreatitis (ChPT) patients. Regression models related IGFBP2 and MSLN levels to diagnosis, gender, age, stage and survival. RESULTS: IGFPB2 and MSLN serum levels were diagnostic for PDAC in age-adjusted models (P = 0.032 and P = 0.002, respectively) when compared with ChPT and healthy control samples. At a 95% specificity threshold, the sensitivity for IGFBP2 was 22% and the sensitivity for MSLN was 17%. Neither protein approached the diagnostic accuracy of CA 19-9. However, IGFBP2 or MSLN or both correctly identified 18 of the 28 samples misidentified by CA 19-9. In age-adjusted models, neither serum IGFBP2 (P = 0.36) nor MSLN (P = 0.29) were significant predictors of survival. DISCUSSION: Serum IGFBP2 and MSLN are weak diagnostic classifiers individually, but may be useful in a diagnostic biomarker panel.
