Physiological impact of Tabata exercise on cardiometabolic and cardiorespiratory parameters in transgender people of Multan.

Objective: To investigate factors directly related to cardiometabolic and cardiorespiratory fitness in transgender people. METHODS: The cross-sectional, experimental study was conducted at the Government Girls Comprehensive Higher Secondary School, Multan, Pakistan, from January to February 2023, after approval from the ethics review committee of the Muhammad Institute of Medical and Allied Sciences, Multan, and comprised transgender people aged 17-28 years. Data was collected using the physical activity readiness questionnaire. All the participants were subjected to Tabata sessions for 4 weeks. Standard cardiometabolic and cardiorespiratory fitness values were noted at baseline and post-intervention. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. RESULTS: Of the 44 participants, 26(59%) were trans-men, 18(40.9%) were trans-women, 16(36.3%) were aged 17-19 years, and 10(22.7%) had other transgender individuals in their families. Cardiorespiratory and cardiometabolic parameters showed significant improvement post-intervention compared to baseline values (p<0.05). Conclusion: Tabata exercises were found to be useful in maintaining cardiorespiratory and cardiometabolic parameters as well in increasing the participants' motor performance.

Evaluation of polyherbal gel for musculoskeletal injuries in industrial workers.

BACKGROUND: Industrial workers often have musculoskeletal disorders due to the nature of their work. OBJECTIVE: The goal was to investigate the scientific use of polyherbal gel in relieving pain and stiffness due to musculoskeletal injuries and improving activities of daily living (ADLs) in industrial workers. METHODS: A pragmatic, single-blinded, randomized control study divided 200 musculoskeletal injury patients into four parallel groups (n = 50). Groups 1 and 2 were applied polyherbal gel via phonophoresis with therapeutic ultrasound and superficial massage. Groups 3 and 4 received diclofenac diethyl-ammonium 1% gel by phonophoresis and superficial massage. The Global Pain Relief Scale, Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) were used to measure pain, stiffness, and ADLs. Data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test to compare mean±SD of four independent groups before and after gel application. The confidence interval was 95%, with p < 0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: The results revealed that polyherbal gel reduced pain (NPRS, WOMAC and Global pain relief scales) more efficiently (p≤0.000) when applied with phonophoresis as compared to applied with massage and standard diclofenac (p≤0.005), furthermore, polyherbal gel when applied with phonophoresis showed more efficient results. CONCLUSION: Industrial workers with musculoskeletal injuries benefited from the use of polyherbal gel for pain and inflammation relief. The polyherbal gel is natural, cost-effective, and easy to formulate.

Association between anthropometric measurements of chairs and biomechanical variables leading to musculoskeletal problems in students at different government universities of Multan.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between anthropometric measurements of chairs and biomechanical variables leading to musculoskeletal problems in students at different government universities in Multan. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was done on 383 students at different government universities in Multan, Pakistan. There were 23 anthropometric measurements like shoulder height (SH), shoulder breadth (SB), knee height (KH), popliteal height (PH), elbow height sitting (EHS), elbow-fingertip length (EFL), abdominal depth (ABD), buttock-popliteal length (BPL), thigh thickness (TT), forearm width (FW), hip angle (HA), knee angle (KA), cervical flexion (CF), cervical extension (CE), cervical lateral flexion (CLF), cervical rotation (CR), thoracic flexion (TF), thoracic extension (TE), lumber flexion (LF), lumber extension (LE), lumber lateral flexion (LLF), and lumber rotation (LR). There were 11 dimensions of chairs: seat height (SH), seat depth (SD), seat width (SW), desk length (DL), desk width (DW), desk height (DH), backrest height (BH), backrest depth (BD), and seat pan depth (SPD) were measured in six types of commonly used chairs in different universities in Multan. This research was done to determine the fitness of chairs using combinational equations. RESULTS: There was a huge difference between most anthropometric measurements of students and chairs. The recommended measurements were SH (33.2 cm), SW (43.6 cm), SD (42 cm), DH (24.5 cm), DL (51.1 cm), DW (95 cm), BW (42.6 cm), BD (2 cm), BH (55 cm), and SPD (4 cm). CONCLUSIONS: None of the chairs used in the universities of Multan were found to be designed according to the anthropometric dimensions of students, resulting in musculoskeletal problems. It is necessary to revise the design of chairs according to the anthropometric data of students to minimize musculoskeletal problems.

Effect Of Perineural Administration Of Dexmedetomidine With Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine Alone In Ultrasound Guided Supraclavicular Block For Upper Extremity Orthopaedic Operations.

BACKGROUND: During procedures on the upper limbs, the brachial plexus block is usually advised. To increase the length of the block, many medicines have been utilized as adjuvants. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine plus bupivacaine against bupivacaine alone on the onset and duration of the sensory and motor block and the duration of analgesia in the supraclavicular block during upper extremity orthopaedic surgery. METHODS: Sixty individuals qualified for orthopaedic operations on the upper extremities, ranging in age from 20 to 60 years, participated in this prospective, randomized investigation. The modified Bromage scale and the pinprick method were used to assess the sensory and motor block. Using a visual analogue pain scale, the postoperative pain was evaluated at 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery. RESULTS: In patients receiving only bupivacaine, the mean onset time of sensory and motor block was 32.84 minutes and 26.67 minutes respectively; while in those receiving bupivacaine along with dexmedetomidine, it was 23.38 minutes and 14.81 minutes (p<0.005). In the intervention group (bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine), the period between the first request for analgesia and the duration period of sensory and motor block were both longer (p<0.005). The intervention group experienced less postoperative discomfort for 24 hours (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Dexmedetomidine added to bupivacaine perineurally prolonged both numbness and immobility while shortening the time it took for sensory and motor blocks to begin. Moreover, dexmedetomidine considerably decreased postoperative pain when combined with bupivacaine for supraclavicular blocks.

Comparison Of Hemodynamic Effect Caused By Intrathecal Low Dose Administration Of 0.5% Against 0.75% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine In Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Surgery Under Unilateral Spinal Anaesthesia.

BACKGROUND: Spinal anaesthesia has its unique place in modern anaesthetic practice. In past, most of the surgeries, irrespective of the site of surgery, were performed in general anaesthesia but now in the modern anaesthetic field, spinal anaesthesia has markedly replaced general anaesthesia, specifically in obstetrics, lower limbs, and abdominal surgeries. METHODS: A total of 100 patients fit to undergo lower limb surgery between the ages of 20 to 70 years were included in the study. 50 patients were in 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine (Group A) while 50 patients were in the 0.75% hyperbaric bupivacaine group (Group B). Patients with a history of allergies to local anaesthetics, ischemic heart disease and contraindications to spinal anaesthesia were excluded. At the end of the injection, the patient was immediately laid down and tilted to 30 degrees lateral on the operative side for unilateral anaesthesia. Mean arterial pressure at baseline, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes was recorded by trainee anaesthesia. A baseline was taken of mean arterial pressure measured 15 minutes before induction of spinal anaesthesia in a lying position. RESULTS: The mean baseline arterial pressure of patients in group A was 88.72±1.71 mmHg and in group B was 88.94±1.95 mmHg. Mean arterial pressure MAP at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes in both groups was as follows; 86.22±2.55 vs 81.78±1.52 mmHg, 83.72±3.36 vs 75.84±1.34 mmHg, 80.02±3.40 vs 70.90±0.97 mmHg and 77.14±4.24 vs 66.06±1.62 mmHg respectively (p-value <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that the hemodynamic parameters in terms of mean arterial pressure remained more stable by deviating less from the baseline value with the use of a low dose of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine instead of 0.75% hyperbaric bupivacaine in patients undergoing lower limb surgery under unilateral spinal anaesthesia.

Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin with and without Strengthening Exercises in Improving Rheumatoid Arthritis.

This study aimed to assess the synergistic effects of curcumin with and without strengthening exercises in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Randomised controlled trial study was conducted from May 2021 to December 2021. Ninety patients were randomised into two groups. Group A was treated with strengthening exercises and curcumin. Group B was given curcumin only. Curcumin dosed at 180 mg/day was given orally to both groups. The treatment regimen was distributed as 3 sessions/week; each session lasted 45 minutes for group A. Serological findings and X-rays of the joints were also done for assessment. Pain, morning stiffness, and functional activities were assessed using the WOMAC and NPRS scale at baseline, 12th week, and 24th week. There was higher significant (p<0.000) reduction in quantitative values of RF, ESR and CRP, WOMAC pain, ADLs, and stiffness readings in group A. This study will project to a screening of newer and more effective interventions to treat RA. Key Words: Curcumin, Rheumatoid arthritis, Strengthening exercises.

Association of body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, and their correlates among female physical therapy students in Multan.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlates directly associated with body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness among undergraduate female physiotherapists. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2020 at Ali-Ul-Murtaza Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Muhammad Institute of Medical and Allied Sciences, Multan, Pakistan, and comprised undergraduate female physiotherapists aged17-25 years. The subjects were assessed on the basis of Physical Activity Readiness Questioner, body mass index and standard criteria of cardiorespiratory fitness. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. RESULTS: Of the 334 subjects with a mean age of 20.89±1.66 years, 200(59.88) were overweight and 34(10.17) were underweight. Overall 83(24.9) reported good quality of life, 194(58.1) were satisfied with their general health, and 228(68.3) presented with a history of cardiometabolic disorder. There was a highly significant positive correlation in overweight and negative correlation in underweight subjects (p≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of overweight female physical therapy students was high.