[Hydrogen sulfide balneotherapy in comprehensive sanatorium-resort treatment of post-burn scars in children]. / Serovodorodnaya bal'neoterapiya v kompleksnom sanatorno-kurortnom lechenii posleozhogovykh rubtsov u detei.

Thermal lesions in children leave behind cicatricial contractions, contractures, deformations of the wrists, feet, face. Sanatorium-resort treatment using balneotherapy is an integral part of rehabilitation measures in such patients. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of hydrogen sulfide balneotherapy in children with consequences of thermal injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A single-center observational retrospective non-controlled study was carried out, in which sanatorium-resort treatment concerning post-burn scars in 812 children aged 5-17 years was analyzed. Hydrogen sulfide balneotherapy was prescribed to patients depending on the age in mild (5-6 years) or moderate-to-high (7-17 years) exposure modes. The imported hydrogen sulfide mineral water from the T-2000 well of the Matsesta field with the H2S total concentration of 410-420 mg/l was used for treatment. The applications were performed to children alternate days, 8 procedures of balneotherapy per course. RESULTS: Lightening of the affected areas of the skin, reduction of the sensation of contraction and tension of the scars, which became softer, more elastic and more mobile with regard to the subjacent tissues have been noted in patients after the course of balneotherapy. The head mobility increased after applications in the presence of scars. The large joints' range of motion grew up. In addition, an increase in the mobility of the fingers of wrists and feet, a decrease in the stiffness of movements, increase or recovery of the affected skin's tactile sensitivity have been observed. Children well tolerated procedures, adverse events were seen in 0.7% of cases in the form of mild reactions at the beginning of the applications' course, namely of balneological (0.6%) and toxico-allergic (0.1%) nature. CONCLUSION: Hydrogen sulfide balneotherapy in combination with rehabilitation exercises and other sanatorium-resort factors is an effective mean of post-burn scars correction in children.

[Motor impairments in children with autism spectrum disorders: causes and possibilities for correction]. / Dvigatel'nye narusheniya u detei s rasstroistvami autisticheskogo spektra: prichiny vozniknoveniya i vozmozhnosti korrektsii.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by triad of abnormalities in the form of developmental distortion with a lack of communicative abilities, behavioral and motor stereotypies. Etiology and pathogenesis of disease currently are unknown, but multifactorial causes of this pathology have been suggested. Although social disorders are considered a defining characteristic, motor disorders are a key feature of ASD. They are based on a postural control impairment, which is accompanied by delayed psychomotor development, reduced ability to motor synchronism in early childhood, modified arrangement of muscles, problems with balance and gait, postural instability, coordination deficiency, presence of motor dyspraxia and other abnormalities. OBJECTIVE: To analyze current scientific data about motor disorders in ASD and their correction possibilities in children with this pathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of publications, contained in PubMed and Google Scholar databases, which give consideration to motor disorders in children with ASD, was carried out. The search was done by keywords: motor disorders, children, autism spectrum disorder, causes, correction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Adaptive physical culture during individual training is one of the available and effective methods of physical rehabilitation in patients with ASD. Children with ASD need three levels of psychological support, each of which offers individual exercises, depending on the nature and severity of speech and cognitive impairment.

[Water aerobics as a means for the prenatal correction in the case of breech presentation of the fetus]. / Akvaaérobika kak sredstvo dorodovoi korrektsii pri tazovom predlezhanii ploda.

BACKGROUND: The delivery of the fetus in breech presentation remains one of the most serious challenge for obstetricians. In the cases of pregnancy of more than 29 weeks, it is recommended to carry out the activities aimed at translating breech presentation into cephalic presentation by means of the external preventive rotation of the fetus to the head with the use various complexes of gymnastic exercises as well as other methods applied for the correction of the abnormal fetal presentation including water aerobics. AIM: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the method for the prenatal correction of the pathological presentation of the fetus based on the use of the water aerobics procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 100 women at the age from 21 to 38 years presenting with the purely gluteal presentation of the fetus in 83 cases, the transverse presentation in 14 cases, the footling presentation in 2 cases, and the slanting presentation in 1 one case. To prepare women for the childbirth at the direction of the attending doctor and under the guidance of an instructor a complex of water aerobics exercises was employed. RESULTS: The successful prenatal correction of fetal presentation with the use of water aerobics exercises was achieved in 83 cases. In these women, pregnancy ended in the delivery through the natural birth canal. In 17 cases, antenatal correction proved inefficient which was regarded as the indication for the planned operation of cesarean section. Fetal turnaround occurred after 2-3 sessions of water aerobics in 66.3% of the women, with the gestational age at the time of the version being 32-33 weeks in 81.9% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience of the work with pregnant women gives evidence of the high effectiveness of corrective water aerobics and allows to recommend the performance of external cephalic version with the use of this physiotherapeutic procedure for the application in the clinical practice.

[Optimization of the algorithm for the detection and the differential non-pharmacological correction of the risk factors and the preclinical stages of atherosclerosis at the level of the health resort-based primary care]. / Optimizatsiia algoritma vyiavleniia i differentsirovannoi nemedikamentoznoi korrektsii faktorov riska i doklinicheskikh stadii ateroskleroza v pervichnom zvene zdravookhraneniia na kurorte.

This article presents the results of a comparative prospective study of 276 subjects at the age between 40 and 65 years presenting with risk factors (RF) of atherosclerosis and its preclinical stages (APC). All of them were reckoned to be at a moderate risk of developing APC based on the results of evaluation with the use of the SCORE scale which implied the necessity of their differential non-pharmacological treatment during a two-year period with the application of a variety of preventive therapeutic strategies. The patients were allocated to three different (initially comparable) groups. The main group (group 1) was comprised of 98 subjects who received the optimized combined treatment including climatotherapy, dietary therapy, psychotherapy, hydrotherapy, physiotherapy, and hypoxytherapy; in addition, they were involved in the program of therapeutic physical exercises and in the educational program. The group of comparison (group 2) consisted of 88 subjects who were advised to withstand pernicious habits, to keep to the prescribed diet, and intensify the physical activity. The subjects included in the control group 3 were given no preventive treatment whatsoever. The optimized system for the early diagnostics and identification of the risk factors and/or ACD was employed for examining the members of group 1. By the end of the study, risk factors of atherosclerosis and APC were documented in 86.2% and 76.6% of the patients of group 1, respectively. The number of disability days averaged 7.2 per person versus 16.3 and 22.6 in comparison and control groups, respectively. There were no newly diagnosed cases of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) over the study period among the patients of group 1, in contrast to 11.4% and 25.6% such cases in groups 2 and 3, respectively. The results of this study give evidence that the optimized strategy of non-pharmacological correction of the risk factors and the preclinical stages of atherosclerosis at the level of the health resort-based primary care has advantages over the standard therapy because it makes it possible to reduce the frequency of development of new cases of cardiovascular diseases and to decrease the disability rate. It is concluded that the proposed approach enhances the effectiveness of primary prophylaxis of cardiovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis and relieves the burden of this pathology. It can therefore be recommended for the more extensive application at the level of the health resort-based primary care settings.

[Model ontogenetic variability functional state of the organism in different modes of motor activity].

The analysis of the study results of remote training effect of physical training and sports in the age range including the later periods of human ontogenesis, from the point of oxidative stress theory. To study the characteristics of developmental variability of the functional state of the organism, a comparative study of the functional state of the body at different modes of physical activity in different age stages of development was carried out: from sports veterans, remain actively locomotor activity after the termination of sports career; former athletes, leading a sedentary lifestyle; persons engaged in improving the forms of physical exercise; as well as persons who had not engaged in regular physical activity. Subjects contingent was formed of men of various ages, as well as former athletes and coaches teams in cycling and team sports that require endurance predominant manifestation. The results of the research allowed to develop a model that reflects the characteristics and mechanisms of developmental variability of the functional state of the organism under the influence of different modes of physical activity.

[The informational technologies for the comprehensive rehabilitation of the patients presenting with juvenile cerebral palsy (a review)].

This article is devoted to the application of the up-to-date technologies for the treatment and rehabilitation of the children presenting with juvenile cerebral palsy (JCP). It is shown that the use of computer classes, play therapy toys, and robotic exercise machines collectively make up a promising tool for the correction of limb movements in the JCP patients. Lessons with the use of modified technical devices make it possible to develop the creative capacities of the children, improve memory, attention, coordination and precision of the movements of their extremities. One of the important components of the comprehensive rehabilitation of the patients suffering from juvenile cerebral palsy is teaching. It is concluded that the informational technologies provide a powerful tool for remote learning to enable the invalid children to receive education in the future.

[The external application of "Plastunskaya" fluoride-containing mineral water in the course of the combined spa and health resort-based treatment of deforming osteoarthrosis].

Mineral waters containing fluorine (fluorinated waters) at a concentration in excess of 1 mg per liter are extensively used in the newly developing spa and health resort areas of the Russian Federation. They have been found in Siberia, Trans-Baikal regions, and the Krasnodar Territory (together with the Greater Sochi). These waters are mainly used for drinking as a component of the balneo- therapeutic treatment. In this context, the study of the therapeutic effects of low-mineralized hydrocarbonate-sodium waters containing fluorine in high concentrations is of paramount importance for the substantiation and facilitation of their external application in the framework of the programs of combined spa and health resort-based treatment of various diseases. We have investigated the possibility of the external application of "Plastunskaya" mineral water characterized above all by the high content of fluorine for the external treatment of osteoarthritis in 187 patients at the age varying from 37 to 63 years in the combination with the sparing regimen of physical activity, therapeutic physical exercises, klimatotherapy of moderate intensity, and a balanced diet. The patients were prescribed to take general "Plastunskaya" mineral water baths with the fluoride concentration of 7.4 mg/l at a temperature of 36 C from 7 to 15 minutes in duration for 2 consecutive days with a break on every third day (the total course consisted of 14-16 baths). It was shown that the combined treatment with the use of fluorine-containing mineral water resulted in the significant improvement of the clinical and biochemical parameters characterizing the health status of the patients suffering from deforming osteoarthrosis.

[The toxic complications of hydrogen sulfide-based balneotherapy in the spa and health resort practice].

The present literature review was designed to consider the toxic complications of hydrogen sulfide-based balneotherapy encountered in the spa and health resort practice that should actually be regarded as hydrogen sulfide intoxication taking into consideration that their severity depends on the route through which the toxicant enters the body, its concentration in the therapeutic bath, and the overall duration of balneotherapy. Although such complications rarely occur in everyday practice, they may constitute a threat to the patient's health which implies the necessity of adequate measures for their prevention.

[The application of aquaerobic as a form of therapeutic exercises for the prenatal preparation of the pregnant women].

The present review considers aquaerobic as a form of therapeutic exercises for the prenatal preparation of the pregnant women. It is shown that aquaerobic improves the parameters characterizing the degree of physical preparedness and physical development of the pregnant women, normalizes their general well-being, mood, sleep, physical activity, and working capacity. Moreover, regular aquaerobic exercises prevent the development of pregnancy complications.

[The role of therapeutic exercises in the correction of the static component of the motor stereotype in the patients presenting with cervical myofascial pain syndrome].

The present study was designed to estimate the influence of various modalities of therapeutic exercises on the static component of the motor stereotype in 200 patients presenting with cervical myofascial pain syndrome. The study was performed with the use of computed optical topography. The course of therapeutic exercises included 10 sessions of the total duration of 14 days. It is concluded based on the data obtained in this study that remedial gymnastics based on the understanding of the internal body model ("body scheme") with the use of static symmetric exercises is 2.7 times as effective as the traditional approach.

[Nosological profile of sudden cardiac death in athletes].

The review of the literature on sudden cardiac death in sport considers its main causes. The clinical and morphological characteristics are represented by the cardiac structure and electrophysiological pathology that causes sudden death in athletes.

[Forensic-medical diagnostics of doping cases in sports].

The present review of the literature is focused on the problem of forensic-medical diagnostics of doping cases in sports, with special reference to the main classes of pharmaceutical products forbidden for use by the International Olympic Committee. The main causes of death among the athletes as a result of using doping substances are considered. Much attention is given to adverse reactions induced by long-time intake of anabolic steroids many of which can be identified at autopsy.

[The influence of ozone therapy on oxygen metabolism kinetics and the microcirculation system during spa and resort treatment of the post-infarction patients].

This study was designed to estimate the influence of ozone therapy on oxygen metabolism kinetics and the circulation system during spa and resort treatment of 145 post-infarction patients who survived myocardial infarction. All of them were given routine spa-and-resort therapy; 56 patients received pharmacotherapy, in the remaining 89 it was supplemented with ozone-therapy. The clinical examination included electrocardiography, veloergometry, echocardiography; kinetics of oxygen metabolism was evaluated by transcutaneous polarography, laser Doppler flowmetry, and computed capillaroscopy. The results of the study indicate that ozonetherapy in combination with medicamental treatment reduces the period of post-infarction rehabilitation, decreases tissue hypoxia, improves characteristics of microcirculation and general health status of the patients.

[Age-specific dynamics of mental working capacity in different regimens of locomotor activity].

The present study included a total of 392 practically healthy men aged between 40 and 79 years differing in the character of routine locomotor activity and the training status (from masters of sport of international grade to the subjects who had never been engaged in sporting activities). They were divided into 4 groups each comprised of subjects ranged by age with a ten-year interval. Their mental working capacity was estimated from the results of the correction test. The study demonstrated that the subjects characterized by a high level of day-to-day locomotor activity have higher indices of attention intensity and information processing speed compared with the age-matched ones leading a relatively sedentary lifestyle. Moreover, they have better chances to retain the mental working capacity up to the age of 70 years.

[The use of Charcot's douche with different temperature regimes in the training process of the athletes].

Thirty six male athletes at the age from 17 to 25 years (masters and candidate masters of sports) were divided into two groups as follows: group 1 (fencing, n=20) and group 2 (badminton, n=16). The athletes used Charcot's douche with a water temperature either 20 degrees C or 38-40 degrees C after each evening training session. Their functional conditions were estimated based on the results of the measurements of the muscular tone and tensodynamometry. The data obtained were supplemented by the assessment of the subjective state of the athletes and pedagogical testing. It was shown that the hydroprocedures using water with a temperature of 20 degrees C produced tonic effect while the application of water with a temperature of 38-40 degrees C had a relaxing action. Taken together, the results of the study indicate that Charcot's douche with different temperature regimes can be recommended as a tool for controlling the adaptive mechanisms in the athletes, enhancing their functional abilities, and improving the efficacy of the training process.

[The influence of physical training on the state of microcirculation in the patients presenting with arterial hypertension when staying at a health resort].

A total of 50 patients (36 men and 14 women) aged from 25 to 55 years presenting with arterial hypertension were included in the study based at a spa-and-resort center. The control group was comprised of 50 practically healthy age-matched subjects. Microcirculation was monitored using a LAKK-01 laser analyzer of surface capillary blood flow during regular sessions of physical exercises. The study demonstrated the improvement ofmicrocirculation parameters under effect of therapeutic physical training in the patients treated at a spa-and-resort center.

[The forensic medical aspects of sudden cardiac death among the athletes].

The present review is focused on the main causes responsible for cardiac death among the athletes and the clinico-morphological characteristics of various forms of cardiac pathology leading to sudden death in the athletes.

[Effect of physical activity on age involution of functional abilities of humans].

A survey of 433 healthy, mature- and middle-aged men with different modes of habitual daily physical activity was made. Depending on the modes of motor activity all the surveyed were divided into 4 groups, each of which has been ranked by the ten-year age interval. The assessment of functional status using automated hardware-software complex "AMSAT-Covert" to determine the level of maximum oxygen consumption, lipid peroxidation and activity of the antioxidant defense system was performed. Results of the study enabled the authors to formulate a provision under which to extend the period of active, creative longevity and increased life expectancy we need to review the approaches to the regulation of physical activity by rationally constructed motor mode as part of a comprehensive system of health protection. Exercises, not increasing the requirements to the functionality involved and not causing physiological changes should be included in the recommended motor mode, which are incomparably less than officially accepted in modern practice fitness training.

[The influence of various technologies of sports massage on biochemical parameters of the blood].

Different variants of sports massage were tested on 8 fencers (masters and candidate masters of sports) aged between 18 and 22 years. Variant 1 was stimulating massage with the predominant impact on the selected groups of muscles while variant II included relaxation massage with the selective impact on the connective-tissue structures. Blood glucose, cortisol, thyroxin, triiodo-thyronine levels and concentrations of lactic, uric, and non-esterified fatty acids were measured before and after the massage. The results of the study indicate that different technological regimens of sports massage may cause multidirectional changes in the metabolism of selected biologically important compounds. The stimulating massage improves the functional state of the neuromuscular apparatus and activates energy production (in the first place, through enhanced utilization of the substances required for maintaining this process) which suggests formation of the mechanisms necessary for "emergency" adaptation. The relaxation massage suppresses the functional activity of the neuromuscular apparatus and energy consumption which results in the transition of the organism into the state dominated by accumulation of selected substances characteristic of "long-term" adaptation.