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The widespread presence of micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) in the environment threatens ecosystem integrity, and thus, it is necessary to determine and assess the occurrence, characteristics, and transport of MNPs between ecological components. However, most analytical approaches are cost- and time-inefficient in providing quantitative information with sufficient detail, and interpreting results can be difficult. Alternative analyses integrating novel measurements by imaging or proximal sensing with signal processing and machine learning may supplement these approaches. In this review, we examined published research on methods used for the automated data interpretation of MNPs found in the environment or those artificially prepared by fragmenting bulk plastics. We critically reviewed the primary areas of the integrated analytical process, which include sampling, data acquisition, processing, and modeling, applied in identifying, classifying, and quantifying MNPs in soil, sediment, water, and biological samples. We also provide a comprehensive discussion regarding model uncertainties related to estimating MNPs in the environment. In the future, the development of routinely applicable and efficient methods is expected to significantly contribute to the successful establishment of automated MNP monitoring systems.
Subject(s)
Environmental Monitoring , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Plastics , Machine Learning , Models, Theoretical , Microplastics/analysisABSTRACT
The Korean Dementia Association (KDA) has been organizing biennial international academic conferences since 2019, with the International Conference of the KDA (IC-KDA) 2023 held in Busan under the theme 'Beyond Boundaries: Advancing Global Dementia Solutions.' The conference comprised 6 scientific sessions, 3 plenary lectures, and 4 luncheon symposiums, drawing 804 participants from 35 countries. Notably, a Korea-Taiwan Joint Symposium addressed insights into Alzheimer's disease (AD). Plenary lectures by renowned scholars explored topics such as microbiome-related AD pathogenesis, social cognition in neurodegenerative diseases, and genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD). On the first day, specific presentations covered subjects like the gut-brain axis and neuroinflammation in dementia, blood-based biomarkers in AD, and updates in AD therapeutics. The second day's presentations addressed recent issues in clinical neuropsychology, FTD cohort studies, and the pathogenesis of non-AD dementia. The Academic Committee of the KDA compiles lecture summaries to provide comprehensive understanding of the advanced dementia knowledge presented at IC-KDA 2023.
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OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the potential association between migraine and vascular dementia (VaD) using a nationwide population database. BACKGROUND: Migraine and VaD showed similar structural and functional changes in pathophysiology process and shared common risk factors, However, whether migraine prevalence increases VaD incidence remains controversial. METHODS: This retrospective population-based cohort study used the medical records from the Korean National Health Insurance System database. Migraine (G43) was defined by using the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases code. More than two migraine diagnoses at least 3 months apart were defined as "chronic migraine". Cox proportional hazards model estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of VaD for group comparisons. RESULTS: We included 212,836 patients with migraine and 5,863,348 individuals without migraine. During 10 years of follow-up, 3,914 (1.8%) and 60,258 (1.0%) patients with and without migraine, respectively, were newly diagnosed with VaD. After adjustment, patients with migraine showed a 1.21-fold higher risk of VaD than those without migraine (HR = 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17-1.25). Patients with chronic migraine showed a higher cumulative incidence of VaD than those with episodic migraine. The adjusted HR for the VaD incidence with migraine was higher in: (1) patients aged <65 years; (2) women; (3) patients without hypertension, diabetes, or atrial fibrillation; and (4) non-smokers. CONCLUSION: Migraine is associated with an increased risk of VaD, particularly in chronic migraine patients. Incidence of VaD in the setting of migraine may have distinct pathophysiology from that of VaD with traditional cardiovascular risks.
Subject(s)
Dementia, Vascular , Migraine Disorders , Humans , Female , Longitudinal Studies , Dementia, Vascular/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Migraine Disorders/epidemiology , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , Risk Factors , IncidenceABSTRACT
Bone differentiation is crucial for skeletal development and maintenance. Its dysfunction can cause various pathological conditions such as rickets, osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, or Paget's disease. Although traditional two-dimensional cell culture systems have contributed significantly to our understanding of bone biology, they fail to replicate the intricate biotic environment of bone tissue. Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid cell cultures have gained widespread popularity for addressing bone defects. This review highlights the advantages of employing 3D culture systems to investigate bone differentiation. It highlights their capacity to mimic the complex in vivo environment and crucial cellular interactions pivotal to bone homeostasis. The exploration of 3D culture models in bone research offers enhanced physiological relevance, improved predictive capabilities, and reduced reliance on animal models, which have contributed to the advancement of safer and more effective strategies for drug development. Studies have highlighted the transformative potential of 3D culture systems for expanding our understanding of bone biology and developing targeted therapeutic interventions for bone-related disorders. This review explores how 3D culture systems have demonstrated promise in unraveling the intricate mechanisms governing bone homeostasis and responses to pharmacological agents.
Subject(s)
Cell Culture Techniques , Osteogenesis , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Cell Culture Techniques/methods , Cell Differentiation/physiology , Bone and BonesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Acupuncture treatment for tinnitus has received attention owing to its potential as an alternative to conventional treatment modalities. We conducted a scoping review to identify detailed information on acupuncture treatment methods used in clinical studies and to provide useful information for practitioners, patients, and researchers. METHODS: MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), Korean Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), DataBase Periodical Information Academic (DBPIA), and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched from their inception to December 2023. This review included single-arm trials, open-label randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and double-blind RCTs using needle-type acupuncture to treat tinnitus in English, Chinese, and Korean. We investigated basic and detailed information on the acupuncture treatment methods, assessment methods, and study outcomes. Network analysis was also conducted to evaluate the centrality between acupoints in the double-blind RCTs. RESULTS: We included 106 articles. There were 11 single-arm trials, 90 open-label RCTs, and 5 double-blind RCTs. Most (89.6%) of these studies were conducted in China. Manual acupuncture was the most common type of acupuncture in treatment group. A total of 119 acupuncture points were used 1,138 times. The most frequently used acupoints were local points around the ear (TE17, GB2, SI19, and TE21). Both local and distant acupoints were used simultaneously in these studies. The treatment duration of 20-39 days, 10 to 19 sessions of treatment, the mean acupuncture duration of 30 min, needle diameter of 0.30 mm × 40 mm, and needling depth over 30 mm and less than 50 mm were confirmed as the most common. CONCLUSION: These study outcomes will enable future acupuncture studies on tinnitus to perform more effective and standardized acupuncture treatments in selecting acupoints and procedures. Furthermore, the study has implications for informing clinicians and students about more impactful acupuncture strategies for addressing tinnitus.
Subject(s)
Acupuncture Therapy , Tinnitus , Humans , Acupuncture Therapy/methods , Tinnitus/therapy , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Acupuncture PointsABSTRACT
Although robustness of connectivity and modular structures in networks have been attracted much attentions in complex networks, most researches have focused on those two features in Erdos-Renyi random graphs and Scale-Free networks whose degree distributions follow Poisson and power-law, respectively. This paper investigates the effect of modularity on robustness in a modular d-regular graphs. Our results reveal that high modularity reduces the robustness even from the optimal robustness of a random d-regular graph in the pure effect of degree distributions. Moreover, we find that a low modular d-regular graph exhibits small-world property that average path length is O(logN). These results indicate that low modularity on modular structures leads to coexistence of both high robustness and efficiency of paths.
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We generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from a 59-year-old male patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The iPSC line was meticulously characterized to confirm its pluripotency, absence of transgenes, and normal karyotype. The unexpected discovery of the M232R variant in PRNP makes this cell line a valuable resource for investigating AD pathogenesis.
Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells , Male , Humans , Middle Aged , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism , Alzheimer Disease/pathology , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism , Cell Line , Cell Differentiation , Prion Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
Ir(triNHC) complexes catalyzed glycerol and alcohol dehydrogenative coupling, yielding diverse α-hydroxy acids. Unlike conventional conditions, Ir(triNHC) facilitated additional C-C bond formation after lactic acid production from glycerol, exhibiting high TOFs. This protocol successfully converted 1,2-propanediol and sorbitol into α-hydroxy acids, highlighting biomass-derived sources' potential as valuable platform chemicals.
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Recently, monocular 3D human pose estimation (HPE) methods were used to accurately predict 3D pose by solving the ill-pose problem caused by 3D-2D projection. However, monocular 3D HPE still remains challenging owing to the inherent depth ambiguity and occlusions. To address this issue, previous studies have proposed diffusion model-based approaches (DDPM) that learn to reconstruct a correct 3D pose from a noisy initial 3D pose. In addition, these approaches use 2D keypoints or context encoders that encode spatial and temporal information to inform the model. However, they often fall short of achieving peak performance, or require an extended period to converge to the target pose. In this paper, we proposed HDPose, which can converge rapidly and predict 3D poses accurately. Our approach aggregated spatial and temporal information from the condition into a denoising model in a hierarchical structure. We observed that the post-hierarchical structure achieved the best performance among various condition structures. Further, we evaluated our model on the widely used Human3.6M and MPI-INF-3DHP datasets. The proposed model demonstrated competitive performance with state-of-the-art models, achieving high accuracy with faster convergence while being considerably more lightweight.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methodsABSTRACT
Background: To evaluate the degree of deformation in patients with ankle osteoarthritis (OA), it is essential to measure the three-dimensional (3D), in other words, stereoscopic alignment of the ankle, subtalar, and foot arches. Generally, measurement of radiological parameters use two-dimensional (2D) anteroposterior and lateral radiographs in a weight-bearing state; however, computer-aided 3D analysis (Disior) using weight-bearing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has recently been introduced. Methods: In this study, we compared the 2D human radiographic method with a stereoscopic image in patients with ankle arthritis. We enrolled 57 patients diagnosed with OA (28 left and 29 right) and obtained both standing radiographs and weight-bearing CBCT. Patients were divided by the Takakura stage. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for each result was confirmed. Results: On the ICC between 2D radiographs and 3D analysis, the tibiotalar surface angle and lateral talo-1st metatarsal angle showed a good ICC grade (> 0.6), while other parameters did not have significant ICC results. Three-dimension was superior to radiographs in terms of statistical significance. Conclusions: We demonstrated that 2D and stereoscopic images are useful for the diagnosis of OA. Our study also confirmed that the radiographic features affected by ankle OA varied. However, according to the results, the typical radiography is not sufficient to diagnose and determine a treatment plan for ankle OA. Therefore, the method of using 3D images should be considered.
Subject(s)
Ankle , Osteoarthritis , Humans , Radiography , Ankle Joint/diagnostic imaging , Osteoarthritis/diagnostic imaging , Weight-Bearing , Computers , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Clinical studies have suggested an association between migraine and the occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, it is unknown whether migraine affects PD risk. We aimed to investigate the incidence of PD in patients with migraine and to determine the risk factors affecting the association between migraine and PD incidence. METHODS: Using the Korean National Health Insurance System database (2002-2019), we enrolled all Koreans aged ≥40 years who participated in the national health screening program in 2009. International Classification of Diseases (10th revision) diagnostic codes and Rare Incurable Diseases System diagnostic codes were used to define patients with migraine (within 12 months of enrollment) and newly diagnosed PD. RESULTS: We included 214,193 patients with migraine and 5,879,711 individuals without migraine. During 9.1 years of follow-up (55,435,626 person-years), 1,973 (0.92%) and 30,664 (0.52%) individuals with and without migraine, respectively, were newly diagnosed with PD. Following covariate adjustment, patients with migraine showed a 1.35-fold higher PD risk than individuals without migraine. The incidence of PD was not significantly different between patients with migraine with aura and those without aura. In males with migraine, underlying dyslipidemia increased the risk of PD (p=0.012). In contrast, among females with migraine, younger age (<65 years) increased the risk of PD (p=0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with migraine were more likely to develop PD than individuals without migraine. Preventive management of underlying comorbidities and chronic migraine may affect the incidence of PD in these patients. Future prospective randomized clinical trials are warranted to clarify this association.
Subject(s)
Migraine Disorders , Parkinson Disease , Male , Female , Humans , Parkinson Disease/epidemiology , Parkinson Disease/etiology , Cohort Studies , Migraine Disorders/epidemiology , Migraine Disorders/complications , Migraine Disorders/diagnosis , Risk Factors , Comorbidity , IncidenceABSTRACT
LiDAR place recognition is a crucial component of autonomous navigation, essential for loop closure in simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) systems. Notably, while camera-based methods struggle in fluctuating environments, such as weather or light, LiDAR demonstrates robustness against such challenges. This study introduces the intensity and spatial cross-attention transformer, which is a novel approach that utilizes LiDAR to generate global descriptors by fusing spatial and intensity data for enhanced place recognition. The proposed model leveraged a cross attention to a concatenation mechanism to process and integrate multi-layered LiDAR projections. Consequently, the previously unexplored synergy between spatial and intensity data was addressed. We demonstrated the performance of IS-CAT through extensive validation on the NCLT dataset. Additionally, we performed indoor evaluations on our Sejong indoor-5F dataset and demonstrated successful application to a 3D LiDAR SLAM system. Our findings highlight descriptors that demonstrate superior performance in various environments. This performance enhancement is evident in both indoor and outdoor settings, underscoring the practical effectiveness and advancements of our approach.
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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been significantly improved by utilizing an inorganic hole-transporting layer (HTL), such as nickel oxide. Despite the promising properties, there are still limitations due to defects. Recently, research on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is being actively conducted, which shows promise in reducing defects and enhancing device performance. In this study, we successfully engineered a p-i-n perovskite solar cell structure utilizing HC-A1 and HC-A4 molecules. These SAM molecules were found to enhance the grain morphology and uniformity of the perovskite film, which are critical factors in determining optical properties and device performance. Notably, HC-A4 demonstrated superior performance due to its distinct hydrophilic properties with a contact angle of 50.3°, attributable to its unique functional groups. Overall, the HC-A4-applied film exhibited efficient carrier extraction properties, attaining a carrier lifetime of 117.33 ns. Furthermore, HC-A4 contributed to superior device performance, achieving the highest device efficiency of 20% and demonstrating outstanding thermal stability over 300 h.
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The paradigm of the Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing brings a number of heterogeneous devices to the network edge for monitoring and controlling the environment. For reacting to events dynamically and automatically in the environment, rule-enabled IoT edge platforms operate the deployed service scenarios at the network edge, based on filtering events to perform control actions. However, due to the heterogeneity of the IoT edge networks, deploying a consistent rule context for operating a consistent rule scenario on multiple heterogeneous IoT edge platforms is difficult because of the difference in protocols and data formats. In this paper, we propose a transparent rule enablement, based on the commonization approach, for enabling a consistent rule scenario in heterogeneous IoT edge networks. The proposed IoT Edge Rule Agent Platform (IERAP) deploys device proxies to share consistent rules with IoT edge platforms without considering the difference in protocols and data formats. Therefore, each device proxy only considers the translation of the corresponding platform-specific and common formats. Also, the rules are deployed by the corresponding device proxy, which enables rules to be deployed to heterogeneous IoT edge platforms to perform the consistent rule scenario without considering the format and underlying protocols of the destination platform.
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A high-sugar diet induces lifestyle-associated metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes, which may underlie the pro-tumor effects of a high-sugar diet. We supply GL261 syngeneic glioblastoma (GBM) mice with a short-term high-glucose drink (HGD) and find an increased survival rate with no evidence of metabolic disease. Modulation of the gut microbiota through HGD supplementation is critical for enhancing the anti-tumor immune response. Single-cell RNA sequencing shows that gut microbiota modulation by HGD supplementation increases the T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response in GBM mice. We find that the cytotoxic CD4+ T cell population in GBM is increased due to synergy with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors, but this effect depends upon HGD supplementation. Thus, we determine that HGD supplementation enhances anti-tumor immune responses in GBM mice through gut microbiota modulation and suggest that the role of HGD supplementation in GBM should be re-examined.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Glioblastoma , Mice , Animals , Glioblastoma/metabolism , Brain Neoplasms/metabolism , Glucose , Immunity , Dietary Supplements , SugarsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) gain attention as a potent cell source in regenerative medicine and drug discovery. With the necessity of the demands for experimental models to create a more physiologically relevant model of the heart in vitro we herein investigate a 3D culturing platform and a method for assessing rhythm in hiPSC-CMs. METHODS: The 3D cell culture PAMCELL™ plate is designed to enable cells to attach exclusively to adhesive patterned areas. These cell adhesive zones, named as micro-patterned pads, feature micron silica beads that are surface-modified with the well-known arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide. RGD binding to the surface of hiPSC-CMs facilitates cell-cell attachment and the formation of uniform-size spheroids, which is controlled by the diameter of the micro-patterned pads. The assessment and evaluation of 3D hiPSC-CMs beating pattern are carried out using reflective properties of retroreflective Janus micro-particle (RJP). These RJPs are modified with an antibody targeting the gap junction protein found on the surface of hiPSC-CM spheroids. The signal assessment system comprises a camera attached to an optical microscope and a white light source. RESULTS: The 3D PAMCELL™ R100 culture plate efficiently generate approximately 350 uniform-sized hiPSC-CM spheroids in each well of a 96-well plate and supported a 20-day culture. Analysis of genes and protein expression levels reveal that iPSC-CM spheroids grown on PAMCELL™ R100 retain cardiac stem cell characteristics and functions, outperforming traditional 2D culture platform. Additionally, the RJPs enable monitoring and evaluation of in vitro beating properties of cardiomyocytes without using complex monitoring setup. The system demonstrates its capability to identify alteration in the rhythmic activity of cardiac cells when exposed to ion channel blockers, nifedipine and E4031. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of the 3D culture method and RJPs in this study establishes a platform for evaluating the rhythmic properties of 3D hiPSC-CMs. This approach holds significant potential for identifying arrhythmias or other cardiac abnormalities, ultimately contributing to the development of more effective therapies for heart diseases.
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Background and objective: Migraine is a common chronic neurological disease characterized by pulsating headaches, photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and vomiting. The prevalence of dementia in individuals aged over 65 years in Korea is more than 10%, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia accounts for most cases. Although these two neurological diseases account for a large portion of the medical burden in Korea, few studies have examined the relationship between the two diseases. Therefore, this study investigated the incidence and risk of AD in patients with migraines. Methods: We retrospectively collected nationwide data from a national health insurance claims database governed by Korea's National Health Insurance Service. Among Koreans in the 2009 record, patients with migraine were identified according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) code G43. First, we screened the database for participants aged over 40 years. Individuals diagnosed with migraine at least twice over more than 3 months in a year were considered to have chronic migraine in this study. Further, all participants with an AD diagnosis (ICD-10 code: Alzheimer's disease F00, G30) were investigated for AD dementia development. The primary endpoint was AD development. Results: The overall incidence of AD dementia was higher in individuals with a history of migraine than in those with no migraine history (8.0 per 1,000 person-years vs. 4.1 per 1,000 person-years). The risk of AD dementia was higher in individuals diagnosed with migraine (hazard ratio = 1.37 [95% confidence interval, 1.35-1.39]) than in the control group after adjustments for age and sex. Individuals with chronic migraine had a higher incidence of AD dementia than those with episodic migraine. Younger age (<65 years old) was associated with an increased risk of AD dementia compared to older age (≥65 years old). Higher body mass index (BMI) (≥25 kg/m2) was also associated with an increased risk of AD dementia compared to lower BMI (<25 kg/m2) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results suggest that individuals with a migraine history are more susceptible to AD than those without a migraine history. Additionally, these associations were more significant in younger and obese individuals with migraine than in individuals without migraine.
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Background: The genetic basis of amyloid ß (Aß) deposition in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI) is still unknown. Here, we investigated genetic variants involved in Aß deposition in patients with SVCI. Methods: We recruited a total of 110 patients with SVCI and 424 patients with Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive impairment (ADCI), who underwent Aß positron emission tomography and genetic testing. Using candidate AD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were previously identified, we investigated Aß-associated SNPs that were shared or distinct between patients with SVCI and those with ADCI. Replication analyses were performed using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project cohorts (ROS/MAP). Results: We identified a novel SNP, rs4732728, which showed distinct associations with Aß positivity in patients with SVCI (P interaction = 1.49 × 10-5); rs4732728 was associated with increased Aß positivity in SVCI but decreased Aß positivity in ADCI. This pattern was also observed in ADNI and ROS/MAP cohorts. Prediction performance for Aß positivity in patients with SVCI increased (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.780; 95% confidence interval = 0.757-0.803) when rs4732728 was included. Cis-expression quantitative trait loci analysis demonstrated that rs4732728 was associated with EPHX2 expression in the brain (normalized effect size = -0.182, P = 0.005). Conclusion: The novel genetic variants associated with EPHX2 showed a distinct effect on Aß deposition between SVCI and ADCI. This finding may provide a potential pre-screening marker for Aß positivity and a candidate therapeutic target for SVCI.
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Atherosclerosis is one of the severe cardiovascular diseases in which blood vessels lose elasticity and the lumen narrows. If atherosclerosis worsens, it commonly leads to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) due to the rupture of vulnerable plaque or aortic aneurysm. As the mechanical properties of vascular tissues vary from their conditions, measuring the vascular stiffness of an inner blood vessel wall may be applied to the accurate diagnosis of atherosclerotic symptoms. Therefore, early mechanical detection of vascular stiffness is highly needed for immediate medical attention for ACS. Even with conventional examination methods such as intravascular ultrasonography and optical coherence tomography, several limitations still remain that make it difficult to directly determine the mechanical properties of the vascular tissue. As piezoelectric materials convert mechanical energy to electricity without an external power source, a piezoelectric nanocomposite could be utilized as a balloon catheter-integrated mechanical sensor on its surface. Here, we present piezoelectric nanocomposite micropyramid balloon catheter (p-MPB) arrays for measuring vascular stiffness. We study the structural characterization and feasibility of p-MPB as endovascular sensors by conducting finite element method analyses. Also, multifaceted piezoelectric voltages are measured by compression/release tests, in vitro vascular phantom tests, and ex vivo porcine heart tests to confirm that the p-MPB sensor properly operates in blood vessels.
Subject(s)
Atherosclerosis , Plaque, Atherosclerotic , Vascular Stiffness , Animals , Swine , Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods , Urinary CathetersABSTRACT
CD4+ T cells play major roles in the adaptive immune system, which requires antigen recognition, costimulation, and cytokines for its elaborate orchestration. Recent studies have provided new insight into the importance of the supramolecular activation cluster (SMAC), which comprises concentric circles and is involved in the amplification of CD4+ T cell activation. However, the underlying mechanism of SMAC formation remains poorly understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of CD4+ T cells left unstimulated and stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies to identify novel proteins involved in their regulation. We found that intraflagellar transport 20 (IFT20), previously known as cilia-forming protein, was upregulated in antibody-stimulated CD4+ T cells compared to unstimulated CD4+ T cells. We also found that IFT20 interacted with tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101), a protein that endocytoses ubiquitinated T-cell receptors. The interaction between IFT20 and TSG101 promoted SMAC formation, which led to amplification of AKT-mTOR signaling. However, IFT20-deficient CD4+ T cells showed SMAC malformation, resulting in reduced CD4+ T cell proliferation, aerobic glycolysis, and cellular respiration. Finally, mice with T-cell-specific IFT20 deficiency exhibited reduced allergen-induced airway inflammation. Thus, our data suggest that the IFT20-TSG101 axis regulates AKT-mTOR signaling via SMAC formation.