ABSTRACT
The leafhopper genus Errastunus contains grass-feeding leafhoppers in the deltocephaline tribe Paralimnini. The taxonomy of the genus in the Nearctic region has long been confused, with one to three distinct species recognized by different authors. Some populations have also been suggested to be adventive from Europe. Morphological and molecular data show that there are two distinct species in North America. These taxa are readily distinguishable morphologically although there is evidence of mitochondrial introgression between the species. The distribution of the two species based on historical material in collections suggests that Errastunussobrinus (DeLong & Sleesman, 1929) is native to North America, while E.ocellaris (Fallén, 1806) includes both native and adventive populations. A lectotype is designated for E.sobrinus and Cicadaocellata Scopoli, 1763 is established as a nomen oblitum with Cicadaocellaris as a nomen protectum.
ABSTRACT
Abstract We recorded for the first time the lesser dung fly Maculantrops hirtipes (Macquart, 1844) from Brazil, state of Rio Grande do Sul. Twenty-five specimens were reared from the dung of Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782), this is the first record of the feeding substrate for the genus Maculantrops and the second only for the Archiborborinae. In addition, we describe the puparium, provide an updated distribution map and additional photographs of the species.
Resumo Registramos pela primeira vez a mosca-do-esterco Maculantrops hirtipes (Macquart, 1844) no Brasil, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Vinte e cinco espécimes foram obtidos em amostras fecais de Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782). Este é o primeiro registro do substrato alimentar para o gênero Maculantrops e o segundo apenas para subfamília Archiborborinae. Além disso, descrevemos o pupário, fornecemos um mapa de distribuição atualizado e fotografias adicionais da espécie.
ABSTRACT
The Canadian Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha, Auchenorrhyncha, and Heteroptera) fauna is reviewed, which currently comprises 4011 species, including 405 non-native species. DNA barcodes available for Canadian specimens are represented by 3275 BINs. The analysis was based on the most recent checklist of Hemiptera in Canada (Maw et al. 2000) and subsequent collection records, literature records and compilation of DNA barcode data. It is estimated that almost 600 additional species remain to be discovered among Canadian Hemiptera.
ABSTRACT
Boreantrops Kits & Marshall is a recently described genus of flies in the family Sphaeroceridae. Species occur from Brazil and Bolivia north to northern Mexico, mostly in humid montane environments. Two species were included in the genus when originally described, B. calceatus (Duda) and B. mexicanus (Steyskal). Here we revise the genus to include 32 species, including the following 30 new species: B. albipes, B. alytothrix, B. apterus, B. auranticeps, B. avignis, B. boliviensis, B. challabamba, B. costaricensis, B. cryptopygium, B. durango, B. emarginatus, B. friburguensis, B. guatemalensis, B. hispidus, B. hondurensis, B. inbio, B. longiphallus, B. masneri, B. machinator, B. oaxacensis, B. peruvianus, B. pollex, B. punctipennis, B. subemarginatus, B. subfoveolatus, B. suchixtepecensis, B. talamanca, B. wayqecha, B. zacapa, B. zamora. A key is provided for all known species.
Subject(s)
Diptera/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Diptera/anatomy & histology , Diptera/growth & development , Ecosystem , Female , Male , Organ SizeABSTRACT
Forty one new records of species of Bombyliidae are reported for Coahuila in northeastern Mexico. Nine of these species are reported for the first time for the country. The specimens were collected in the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin and Sierra La Madera mountains during 2007-2013. The modified distributions of species are discussed. The gaps in the distribution of many species suggest an undersampling of this group of insects in the north of Mexico.
ABSTRACT
The Archiborborinae is a diverse Neotropical subfamily of Sphaeroceridae, with many undescribed species. The existing generic classification includes three genera consisting of brachypterous species, with all other species placed in the genus Archiborborus. We present the first phylogenetic hypothesis for the subfamily based on morphological, molecular, and combined datasets. Morphological data include 53 characters and cover all valid described taxa (33 species in 4 genera) in the subfamily, as well as 83 undescribed species. Molecular data for five genes (mitochondrial 12S rDNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and cytochrome B, and nuclear alanyl-tRNA synthetase and 28S rDNA) were obtained for 21 ingroup taxa. Data support the separation of the Archiborborinae from the Copromyzinae, with which they were formerly combined. Analyses support consistent groups within the subfamily, but relationships between groups are poorly resolved. The validity of the brachypterous genera Penola Richards and Frutillaria Richards is supported. The former genus Archiborborus Duda is paraphyletic, and will be divided into monophyletic genera on the basis of this work. Aptery and brachyptery have evolved multiple times in the subfamily. Antrops Enderlein, previously including a single brachypterous species, is a senior synonym of Archiborborus.
Subject(s)
Diptera/anatomy & histology , Diptera/classification , Phylogeny , Animals , Bayes Theorem , Diptera/genetics , Female , Male , Sequence AnalysisABSTRACT
The Archiborborinae comprise a diverse clade of flies in the family Sphaeroceridae. We here revise the generic classification, redefining the genus Antrops Enderlein and naming 5 new genera: Boreantrops gen. nov., Coloantrops gen. nov., Maculantrops gen. nov., Photoantrops gen. nov., and Poecilantrops gen. nov. The genus Archiborborus, until recently a paraphyletic assemblage including most of the described species in the subfamily, is treated as a junior synonym of Antrops (syn. nov.) We revise the genera Antrops (53 species, including 40 sp. nov.: Antrops anovariegatus, Antrops aurantifemur, Antrops baeza, Antrops bellavista, Antrops biflavus, Antrops bucki, Antrops carpishensis, Antrops cochabamba, Antrops cochinoca, Antrops coniobaptos, Antrops coroico, Antrops cotopaxi, Antrops didactylos, Antrops diversipennis, Antrops eurus, Antrops fulgiceps, Antrops fuliginosus, Antrops guandera, Antrops guaramacalensis, Antrops inca, Antrops juninensis, Antrops mucarensis, Antrops niger, Antrops papallacta, Antrops pecki, Antrops podocarpus, Antrops quadrilobus, Antrops siberia, Antrops sierrazulensis, Antrops tachira, Antrops tequendama, Antrops tetrastichus, Antrops tumbrensis, Antrops unduavi, Antrops variegatus, Antrops versabilis, Antrops vittatus, Antrops yungas, and Antrops zongo and the following comb. nov.: Antrops annulatus (Richards), Antrops chaetosus (Richards), Antrops femoralis (Blanchard), Antrops hirtus (Bigot), Antrops maculipennis (Duda), Antrops maximus (Richards), Antrops microphthalmus (Richards), Antrops quadrinotus (Bigot), Antrops setosus (Duda), Antrops simplicimanus (Richards), Antrops nitidicollis (Becker), and Antrops orbitalis (Duda)), Coloantrops (1 species: Coloantrops daedalus, sp. nov.), Maculantrops (2 species, Maculantrops hirtipes (Macquart) comb. nov. and Maculantrops altiplanus, sp. nov.), Photoantrops (1 species: Pho-toantrops echinus sp. nov.), and Poecilantrops (10 species: Poecilantrops baorucensis, Poecilantrops boraceiensis, Poecilantrops crocidosternum, Poecilantrops dominicus, Poecilantrops flavifemur, Poecilantrops marensis, Poecilantrops plaumanni, Poecilantrops psilosternum, Poecilantrops stellans, Poecilantrops vittifrons, all sp. nov.). Six additional species of Antrops and two of Poecilantrops known from females only are diagnosed but not described. The genus Boreantrops is described for two species (Boreantrops mexicanus (Steyskal) comb. nov., and Boreantrops calceatus (Duda) comb. nov.). Boreantrops includes a number of new species but is not fully revised here. New synonyms at the species level are: Antrops femoralis (Blanchard 1852) = Archiborborus argentinensis Papp 1977, and Archiborborus submaculatus Duda 1921, both syn. nov.; Antrops hirtus (Bigot 1888) = Archiborborus edwardsi Richards 1931, syn. nov.; Antrops quadrinotus (Bigot 1888) = Archiborborus albicans Richards 1931, Archiborborus chilensis Richards 1931, Archiborbo-rus koenigi Duda 1932, all syn. nov.; Maculantrops hirtipes (Macquart 1844) = Copromyza alternata Rondani 1868, syn. nov.