[The role of adrenal cortical dysfunction in the disturbance of intestinal digestion in chronic poisoning by nitro derivatives of toluene]. / Rol' disfunktsii kory nadpochechnikov v narushenii kishechnogo pishchevareniia pri khronicheskoi intoksikatsii nitroproizvodnymi toluola.

Complex clinico-laboratory study of digestion in 52 patients with chronic nitrotoluol (NT) intoxication showed that at the background of functional adrenocortical insufficiency luminal digestion as well as parietal digestion and absorption of lipids deteriorated. Hypocorticoidism being secondary in chronic NT intoxication and depending on hypothalamic dysfunction, intestinal maldigestion is related to disorders of central regulation.

[The immune system in dust-induced bronchitis]. / Immunnaia sistema pri pylevom bronkhite.

Studies of the immunity in 233 patients with dust-induced bronchitis (DIB), engaged in machine building, have revealed essential shifts in the T and B immunity systems, that were related to the severity and clinical features of the disease. The authors have set up the criteria for defining the normal range of values and the range of immunologic values characteristic of DIB; this helped detect the disordered immunity parameters in each of the examined patients. A method for the diagnosis of the immunity disorders in DIB patients is suggested, making use of just two characteristics, the per cent share of active T and B lymphocytes and their ratio, this essentially simplifying and accelerating the investigation.

[A long-term prospective observation of the course of dust-induced bronchitis in mechanical engineering workers]. / Dlitel'noe prospektivnoe nabliudenie za techeniem pylevogo bronkhita u rabochikh mashinostroeniia.

A study of 206 machine builders in dynamics (up to 15 years) with dust-induced bronchitis showed that the disease has a tendency to advancing within the first three years, especially in those with a combination of noxious professional factors (dust, heat, hard physical work). Negative risk factors: working conditions, preceding unspecific respiratory infections, smoking.

[Characteristics of the ambulatory care of patients with complicated forms of dust-induced bronchitis]. / Osobennosti dispanserizatsii bol'nykh oslozhnnenymi formami pylevogo bronkhita.

The efficacy of follow-up was evaluated in 83 patients facing complicated dust bronchitis of 2 and 3 grades. An active follow-up group was treated by immunopotentiators in clinic every 3-4 months so as to prevent recurrences, while the passive follow-up group received the stationary treatment only once a year. Observations within 3 years showed a great efficiency of the active follow-up combined with the antirecurrence treatment given 3-4 times a year. Immune status was stressed to improve in connection with the clinical relief.

[Immune reactivity in pneumoconiosis and coniotuberculosis in machine builders]. / Immunologicheskaia reaktivnost pri pnevmokonioze i koniotuberkuleze u mashinostroitelei.

Immune status was examined in 231 patients facing pneumoconiosis and coniotuberculosis so as to observe a dependence on pneumoconiosis type (silicosis, electric welder's pneumoconiosis), severity of the process, activity of tuberculosis. Markedly changed T and B immunity, having already appeared at initial stage of the disease, were revealed. Those changes due to the tuberculosis activity were characterized by lymphocytosis, marked functional immaturity of T lymphocytes, depressed B lymphocytes count, elevated serum Ig level.

[The dynamic observation of the course of pneumoconiosis in machine engineering workers]. / Nabliudenie v dinamike za techeniem pnevmokonioza u rabochikh mashinostroeniia.

A 25 follow-up of 604 pneumoconiosis patients indicates that in machine-builders of modern production the pneumoconiosis process has a relatively favourable course excluding those workers who are exposed to the effect of large concentrations of quartz-containing dust. The leading factor of risk for advancing of fibrosis is tuberculous infection.

[Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence in patients with pneumoconiosis and dust-induced bronchitis]. / Perekisnoe okislenie lipidov i antioksidantnaia zashchita u bolnykh pnevmokoniozom i pylevym bronkhitom.

Lipids peroxidation (LP) and antioxidant defence (AD) were compared in the patients facing pneumoconiosis and dust bronchitis. The studied group included 35 patients with suspected pneumoconiosis, 75 patients facing the 1 grade of pneumoconiosis, 43 coniotuberculosis patients and 43 patients with dust bronchitis. Active LP was demonstrated, values and intensities of its stages depended on the origin and severity of disease. AD was characteristically depressed, which necessitates the antioxidant treatment of patients with pneumoconiosis and dust bronchitis.

[The HLA antigen system in patients with pneumoconiosis]. / Sistema HLA-antigenov u bol'nykh pnevmokoniozom.

The antigenic HLA spectra, loci A, B and C, were explored in 102 patients suffering from pneumoconiosis of workers exposed to dust in machine building. Significant frequency differences were discovered in some antigens and their complexes (AI; A I B 8; Bw35 Cw4) between the patients and control group subjects (112 healthy persons). The patients with uncomplicated pneumoconiosis and coniotuberculosis manifested appreciable differences in the antigenic HLA spectra. The authors propose an algorithm of predicting risk at pneumoconiosis as well as risk at coniotuberculosis, resting on the results of the typing of the antigenic HLA spectra.

[Data on the hygienic regulation of benzanthrone-based vat dyes in the air of a work area]. / Materialy k gigienicheskoi reglamentatsii kubozolei na osnove benzantrona v vozdukhe rabochei zony.

With regard to acute toxicity, the cubosols are attributed to the non-cumulative compounds of low toxicity. Acute inhalation exposure threshold for cubosol "Bright green" is over 140 mg/m3. Subacute poisonings developed following intragastric administrations in concentrations 1 g/kg for 30 days, and were characterized by polymorphism of the signs. Revealed were delayed body mass increment in the laboratory animals, changes in peripheral blood and hepatorenal morphology and function.

[Use of chlotazol as an immunomodulating agent in chronic bronchitis]. / Primenenie khlotazola v kachestve immunomoduliruiushchego sredstva pri khronicheskom bronkhite.

A positive immunomodulatory effect was found in chronic bronchitis patients examined immunologically before and after treatment including chlotazol. T- and B-cell immunity recovered, clinical condition of the patients improved. A combination of known antimicrobial and antiinflammatory effects with an uncovered immunomodulatory one made chlotazol a valuable modality in the treatment of chronic bronchitis associated with secondary immune deficiency.

[The prevalence of chronic bronchitis among workers in the dust-exposed occupations of machinery building]. / Rasprostranennost' khronicheskogo bronkhita sredi rabochikh pylevykh professii mashinostroeniia.

Mass screenings (2455 persons) evidence high incidence of chronic bronchitis among workers of dust-related professions in the machine-building industry (foundry workers, electric welders, etc.) as compared with workers not subjected to effects of the dust factor. The frequency of chronic bronchitis was effected by length of work, character of dust profession, age, smoking.

[Epidemiology of pneumoconiosis and dust bronchitis in machine-building industry workers]. / Epidemiologiia pnevokonioza i pylevogo bronkhita u mashinostroitelei.

The article provides a study of pneumoconiosis morbidity rate in machine-building industry workers in 1967-1986. The pneumoconiosis prevalence was ranging from 3.9 to 0.8 cases per 1000 medical examinations performed. The disease's initial forms were predominantly diagnosed through considerably frequent (30%) cases of anthraco-tuberculosis. More complicated forms of dust bronchitis were studied in 1971-1988 and registered at approximately 1 case per 1000 medical examinations. A vivid trend towards pneumoconiosis morbidity decrease and respective age and duration of work indices' growth was found in the latter decade, which was explained by more persistent measures taken towards working conditions improvement.

[The importance of antioxidants in the combined treatment of patients with dust-induced bronchitis]. / Znachenie antioksidantov v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh pylevym bronkhitom.

A study of 119 patients with dust-induced bronchitis revealed an activation of lipid peroxidation depending on the stage of the disease (I, II, III) manifested by an increase of blood serum diene conjugates, hydroperoxides and/or malonic aldehyde. Use of antioxidants--vitamin E and prednisolone as well as heparine resulted in complete or partial correction of lipid peroxidation and favourable clinical effect.

[Laser therapy in dust bronchitis]. / Lazeroterapiia pri pylevom bronkhite.

Laser therapies of 43 dust bronchitis patients (4 cases in 1st stage and 39 cases in 2nd stage) were performed in comparison with routine therapeutic procedures of 28 patients (6 cases in 1st stage and 22 cases in 2nd stage). 14 acupuncture points were selected. A good therapeutic effect was attained in 16.3% sample group and 7.1% control group patients, satisfactory results--in respectively 58% and 42.9% cases, insignificant results--in 25.6% and 50% cases. Along with the favourable therapeutic effect, a positive influence of laser therapy on the immune system was established, particularly on the immunity T-system, in dust bronchitis cases. Laser therapy was recommended as part of complex treatment procedures for dust bronchitis patients.

[Therapeutic and prophylactic measures in patients with dust-induced bronchitis complicated by pulmonary emphysema]. / Lechebno-profilakticheskie meropriiatiia u bol'nykh pylevym bronkhitom, oslozhnennym émfizemoi legkikh.

Therapeutic-prophylactic measures in 60 patients were directed to remove the main pathogenetic mechanisms of development of lung emphysema (control of the obstructive syndrome, normalization of the sputum rheology, reduction of the protease level, restoration of the surfactant system activity). The efficacy of complex treatment (broncholytic agents, mucus regulators, protease inhibitors, etc.) depended largely on the necessity of active prophylactic medical care of patients with dust-induced bronchitis at early stages of the disease.

[Pulmonary surfactant system in dust-induced bronchitis]. / Surfaktantnaia sistema legkikh pri pylevom bronkhite.

The study of surfactant effects and their biochemical composition in the expiration condensate covered 102 patients with dust bronchitis (DB). Decrease of surfactant effects and violation of the proportion of surfactant lipid fractions (increase in the percentage of free fat acids, triacylglyceride decrease) were noted along with the growth of DB severity and clearly defined pulmonary emphysema.

Mass spectrometric approaches to the confirmation of maduramicin alpha in chicken fat.

Because of the structural information it provides, mass spectrometry has gained widespread acceptance as the preferred analytical technique for drug residue confirmatory procedures. For the confirmation of the polyether ionophore antibiotic, maduramicin alpha, in chicken fat, the techniques of desorption chemical ionization (DCI), thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (TSP LC/MS), and thermospray liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (TSP LC/MS/MS) were investigated as potential approaches. Sample clean-up was found to be totally inadequate for DCI and only marginally acceptable for TSP LC/MS. Only TSP LC/MS/MS adequately resolved the analyte from the tissue coextractives and generated satisfactorily reproducible mass spectrometric data for a confirmatory method. The techniques developed here should be applicable to other commonly used polyether ionophores.