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1.
Int Orthop ; 46(1): 79-87, 2022 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34331565

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of locally developed external fixators (LDEF) as definitive treatment for open tibia diaphyseal fractures (OTDF) in Ivory Coast. METHODS: Gustilo I, II, and IIIA OTDFs of patients admitted within 24 hours of injury were prospectively included and treated with LDEF. The rates of union, mal-union, septic complications, as well as the functional results were assessed, in addition to the LDEF construct's integrity. Predictive factors of failure or poor results were assessed. RESULTS: Overall, 40 OTDF patients were admitted within 24 hours of injury. Gustilo I, II, and IIIA fractures were observed in three, 13, and 24 patients, respectively. Uneventful fracture healing was obtained in 29 cases, with an average union time of 8.47 months. Mal-union and non-union were registered in three and four cases, respectively. Pin-track infection (PTI) was observed in 13 cases and deep infection in seven. Infection resolved in all patients except four, who developed chronic osteomyelitis. None of the non-unions were associated with an infection. The overall functional result was satisfactory in 32 patients. PTI was the only predictive factor for chronic infection. Biplanar frames, when compared to monoplanar constructs, were associated with a significantly improved functional outcome. CONCLUSION: LDEF improved significantly the OTDF management, as it provided better stability and superior fracture healing rates than what is observed with the standard of care in the same environment. PTI remains an essential problem but with, hopefully, limited negative consequences.


Subject(s)
Fractures, Open , Tibial Fractures , Cote d'Ivoire , External Fixators/adverse effects , Fracture Fixation/adverse effects , Fracture Fixation/methods , Fracture Healing , Fractures, Open/surgery , Humans , Prospective Studies , Tibia , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Treatment Outcome
2.
Pan Afr Med J ; 38: 291, 2021.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34178210

ABSTRACT

The refusal and abandonment of treatment is a behavior frequently observed in our daily practice. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology and to identify the reasons for refusals and abandonment of treatment. We conducted a prospective study in the emergency surgery at the University Hospital Center of Bouake from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. It involved all patients admitted with traumatic lesions who had refused or abandoned treatment. Data from 106 cases (16%) of refusal and abandonment of treatment out of 662 cases admitted with limb traumas were examined over this period. The average age of patients was 37 years. The study enrolled 77 men (72.6%). Tertiary sector workers accounted for 56.6% (n= 60) of cases. Lesions were dominated by closed fractures (82.1%; n= 87) and pelvic limbs were the most achieved (78.3%; n=83). Treatment was based on surgery (n=85; 80.2% ) and orthopaedic treatment (n=21; 19.8%). The cost of orthopedic treatment was estimated at 26 500 CFA francs (40 euros) while at 250 000 FCFA (380 euros) for surgical treatment. These costs varied as a function of implant prescribed and its location. Refusal of tratment was expressed by patients (n=30; 28.3%) and by parents (n=76; 71.7%). Reported reasons were dominated by financial problems (n=62; 58.5%), trust in traditional medicine (n=42; 39.6%), religious belief (n=2; 1.9%). The average time of refusal was 22 hours. Eighty eight point seven percent (n=94) of patients signed discharge while 11.3% (n=12) escaped. Refusal of care is a recurrent theme in our context and is due to inadequate health care management of people with limited financial resources.


Subject(s)
Orthopedic Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Treatment Refusal/statistics & numerical data , Wounds and Injuries/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Cote d'Ivoire , Female , Fractures, Bone/therapy , Hospitals, University , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Young Adult
3.
Acta Orthop Belg ; 87(1): 85-92, 2021 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34129761

ABSTRACT

Open tibia fracture (OTF) treatment is well documented in developed countries. Yet, this fracture pattern remains challenging because it is associated with an increased risk of infection and delayed union, particularly in case of Gustilo III B and C open fractures. Since access to healthcare is limited in Sub- Saharan African countries, this paper explores the results of OTF management in this setting. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using current databases such as MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar in order to identify prospective studies with cohorts of patients treated for OTF. Studies were included based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of studies was analyzed by the Coleman Methodology Score (CMS). Eight papers met the inclusion criteria and had an average CMS of 70 (range 54-73). The most common treatment was non-operative management of the fracture with cast immobilization (67%). Gustilo Type II and III fractures were associated with a higher risk of complications. The infection rate was 30%. Malunion, chronic osteomyelitis and nonunion were observed in 14.5%, 12.3%, and 7% of the cases, respectively. More complications were observed with non-operative treatment (cast immobilization) than with surgical fixation. Although the surgical environment does not allow for internal fixation, poor results of non-operative management of open fractures should lead to the introduction of trainings on the proper use of external fixators. It is also advisable to support the development of locally produced external devices that utilize local source materials, which would make external fixation available at a reasonable cost.


Subject(s)
Fractures, Open , Tibial Fractures , Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology , Fractures, Open/surgery , Humans , Prospective Studies , Tibia , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Treatment Outcome
4.
Pan Afr Med J ; 38: 70, 2021.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33889236

ABSTRACT

Pelvic fractures occur most often in people experiencing a traumatic event. Although they are due to high-velocity injuries, these lesions are rarely associated with vaginal wounds, and data on patients' evolution are scarce. The purpose of our study was to describe anatomoclinic lesions, treatment and progression of these lesions. The study involved five female patients who had had vaginal wounds due to pelvic fracture over the past decade. The patients had a mean age of 23,6 years. Vaginal wounds were mainly due to road accidents. Two patients had linear wounds and three had lacerated wounds. Vaginal suture was performed in all patients. After a mean follow-up period of 2 years, patients' evolution was favorable with healing of vaginal wound and bone. Genital and obstetric functions were not compromised. Although vaginal wounds most often go unnoticed, they should be suspected in female patients with pelvic fracture.


Subject(s)
Fractures, Bone/complications , Pelvic Bones/injuries , Vagina/injuries , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Vagina/surgery , Wound Healing , Young Adult
5.
Rev. int. sci. méd. (Abidj.) ; 23(1): 43-48, 2021. tables
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1397442

ABSTRACT

Contexte. Les luxations traumatiques du coude de l'enfant sont des lésions peu fréquentes. Elles nécessitent une prise en charge en urgence afi n d'éviter les complications fonctionnelles. Le but de cette étude était de décrire les aspectsépidémiologiques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs. Méthodes. Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective descriptive et analytique des luxations récentes traumatiques du coude. Elle a concerné les patients de moins de 15 ans. Elle a été réalisée du 1er janvier 2016 au 31 décembre 2019 aux urgences de chirurgie. Les données étudiées étaient : les aspects épidémiologiques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs. Un test exact de Fisher a été réalisé pour rechercher les facteurs pouvant infl uencer le résultat fonctionnel. Résultats. Dix-huit luxations traumatiques du coude ont été colligéesdans le service des urgences chirurgicales. Elles représentaient 0,08 % des traumatismes du coude. L'âge moyen était de 10±3,1ans (7-12 ans).Les accidents de jeu étaient l'étiologie la plus fréquente (n=15). La forme convergente postéro-latérale était observée dans tous les cas. La fracture de l'épicondyle médiale (n=3) et la parésie du nerf ulnaire (n=1) étaient associées. Le délai moyen du traitement était de 150±6,8 minutes (60- 360min).Le traitement a été orthopédique. La durée moyennecontention plâtrée était de 25±4,6 jours (21-45 jours).Les résultats fonctionnels globaux selon les critères de Robert étaient excellents dans 14 cas au recul moyen de 06 ±4,7 mois (3-13 mois).Il n'existait aucun lien entre le résultat fonctionnel, le délai de réduction et la présence ou non de lésions associées. Conclusion. Les luxations traumatiques du coude étaient peu fréquentes. La réduction en urgence a donné un bon pronostic fonctionnel.


Subject(s)
Humans , Elbow , Fracture Dislocation , Therapeutics , Child , Orthopedic Procedures
6.
Rev. int. sci. méd. (Abidj.) ; 23(1): 55-62, 2021. tables, figures
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1397448

ABSTRACT

Contexte. La mortalité est un indicateur de performance de la qualité de soins dans un hôpital. L'objectif de cette étude était de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, et d'identifi er les facteurs de risques infl uençant la mortalité dans le service Méthodes. Cette étude rétrospective descriptive et analytique a été réalisée entre janvier 2013 et décembre 2020. Elle a concerné les patients àgés de plus de 15 ans pris en charge dans le service et décédés en hospitalisation, en réanimation ou au bloc opératoire. Les données étudiées étaient d'ordre épidémiologique, thérapeutique et caractéristique du décès. L'analyse statistique a été réalisée à l'aide du test de Khi2 au seuil de signifi cation situé à 5% (P< 0,05 ) pour déterminer les probables facteurs de mortalité. Les facteurs étudiés étaient,l'âge, le sexe, les comorbidités, l'Injury Severity Score (ISS) de Baker, le score de l' American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA,) la cause du décès et la période du décès. Résultats. Il a été observé 144 décès sur un total de 4728 patients admis, soit un taux de mortalité de 3%. L'âge moyen était 59,5 ± 20,1 ans (17-95) avec un médian de 64,5 ans . Les patients âgés de plus de 60 ans représentaient 54,2% (n=78).Il y'avait 78 hommes (54,2%) et 66 femmes (45,8%). Le diabète de type 2 non équilibré (n=85;59%) et La gangrène diabétique du membre inférieur (n=70;48,6%) prédominaient. Les principales causes du décès étaient le choc septique et l'anémie. Les facteurs de risques trouvés étaient : le sexe masculin, le score ISS sévère, la période de décès la nuit, le choc septique et l'anémie. Conclusion. Le taux de mortalité était de 3%.Les principalescauses du décès étaient le choc septique et l'anémie.Les facteurs de risques trouvés étaient, le sexe masculin, le score ISS (>25), la période du décès la nuit, le choc septique et l'anémie.


Subject(s)
Humans , Orthopedics , Epidemiology , Traumatology , Risk Factors , Mortality
7.
J Orthop Surg Res ; 15(1): 247, 2020 Jul 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32631381

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: External fixation improves open fracture management in emerging countries. However, sophisticated models are often expensive and unavailable. We assessed the biomechanical properties of a low-cost external fixation system in comparison with the Hoffmann® 3 system, as a reference. METHODS: Transversal, oblique, and comminuted fractures were created in the diaphysis of tibia sawbones. Six external fixators were tested in three modes of loading-axial compression, medio-lateral (ML) bending, and torsion-in order to determine construction stiffness. The fixator construct implies two uniplanar (UUEF1, UUEF2) depending the pin-rods fixation system and two biplanar (UBEF1, UBEF2) designs based on different bar to bar connections. The designed low-cost fixators were compared to a Hoffmann® 3 fixator single rod (H3-SR) and double rod (H3-DR). Twenty-seven constructs were stabilized with UUEF1, UUEF2, and H3-SR (nine constructs each). Nine constructs were stabilized with UBEF1, UBEF2, and H3-DR (three constructs each). RESULTS: UUEF2 was significantly stiffer than H3-SR (p < 0.001) in axial compression for oblique fractures and UUEF1 was significantly stiffer than H3-SR (p = 0.009) in ML bending for transversal fractures. Both UUEFs were significantly stiffer than H3-SR in axial compression and torsion (p < 0.05), and inferior to H3-SR in ML bending, for comminuted fractures. In the same fracture pattern, UBEFs were significantly stiffer than H3-DR (p = 0.001) in axial compression and torsion, while only UBEF1 was significantly stiffer than H3-DR in ML bending (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that the stiffness of the UUEF and UBEF device compares to the reference fixator and may be helpful in maintaining fracture reduction. Fatigue testing and clinical assessment must be conducted to ensure that the objective of bone healing is achievable with such low-cost devices.


Subject(s)
Cost Savings/economics , Diaphyses/injuries , External Fixators/economics , Fracture Fixation/economics , Fracture Fixation/instrumentation , Fracture Fixation/methods , Fractures, Comminuted/surgery , Tibia/injuries , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Biomechanical Phenomena , Equipment Design , Fracture Healing , Humans , Materials Testing , Models, Anatomic
8.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1263833

ABSTRACT

Introduction : Dans les pays à ressources limitées, la broche de Kirschner est un implant de choix dans le traitement des fractures de la clavicule. L'objectif de cette étude rétrospective était de décrire les résultats de la fixation centromédullaire par broche de Kirschner des fractures de la clavicule de l'adulte. Patients et Méthode : Cette étude a concerné 21 patients (22 fractures). L'âge moyen était de 32 ans. Les fractures étaient fermées (n=19) et ouvertes (n=3). L'ostéosynthèse a été réalisée dans un délai de13 jours à foyer ouvert de manière rétrograde sans amplificateur de brillance. Une broche de Kirschner de 2 à 3 mm de diamètre a été utilisée par foyer de fracture. L'évaluation des résultats a concerné la réduction de la fracture, la cicatrisation de la plaie opératoire, la consolidation, les complications selon Millet, et les résultats définitifs selon Constant. Résultats : La réduction était satisfaisante (n=20). Il persistait une comminution initiale (n=2). La cicatrisation a été obtenue chez tous les patients dans un délai moyen de 3 semaines (2-4). La consolidation a été obtenue chez tous les patients avec un délai moyen de 3 mois (2-5). L'ablation de la broche a été réalisé à 2 mois chez tous les patients sous anesthésie locale en ambulatoire. Les complications notées étaient mineures. Au recul moyen de 2 ans (1-4), 15 patients (16 épaules) ont été revus. Le résultat fonctionnel final moyen selon le score de Constant était de 90 (88- 96). Conclusion : Cette étude suggère que la fixation centromédullaire par broche de Kirchner à foyer ouvert de manière rétrograde des fractures de la clavicule de l'adulte donne de bons résultats anatomiques et fonctionnels. Cette technique est simple. Elle n'est pas onéreuse


Subject(s)
Bone Wires , Bone Wires/statistics & numerical data , Clavicle , Cote d'Ivoire , Fracture Dislocation
9.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1263839

ABSTRACT

Objectifs : Décrire les aspects épidémiologiques et le traitement des ostéomyélites chroniques de membres. Patients et Méthodes : Une étude rétrospective des dossiers de patients traités pour une ostéomyélite chronique de membre a été réalisée. Les patients ont été opérés entre janvier 2013 et décembre 2016 Les renseignements recueillis étaient épidémiologiques, cliniques, radiologiques, biologiques, thérapeutiques, et évolutifs. Résultats : Cinquante quatre patients étaient traités. Il y avait 42 (78%) hommes et 12 (22%) femmes. L'âge moyen était de 13,91±10,09 ans (2-46). Les patients ayant un âge inférieur à16 ans représentaient 74%(n=40) de la population. Trente-sept (68%) des patients provenaient des zones rurales. Le motif de consultation était la fistule chez 40 (74%) patients. La lésion était unifocale (n=50;93%). Le délai moyen de consultation était de 25,96 ±16,60 mois. La majorité des lésions siégeaient au tibia (n=30 ; 52%), au fémur (n=14 ; 24%), et à l'humérus (n=10;17%). Les lésions étaient localisées à la diaphysaire et métaphysaire dans 41 (74%) cas. Le séquestre était noté chez tous les patients. La culture était positive chez 39 patients. Le Staphylococcus aureus était le germe isolé dans (n=20;51,2%). Le traitement consistait en une séquestrectomie couplée à une antibiothérapie. Au recul moyen de16,11±5,65 mois, le taux de guérison était de 87%. Conclusion : L'ostéomyélite chronique de membres en milieu tropical atteint les adolescents. Les os longs concernés par ordre de fréquence étaient le tibia, le fémur, et l'humérus. La diaphyse et la métaphyse étaient les localisations de prédilection. Les séquestres étaient les lésions anatomiques prédominantes Le Staphylococcus aureus était le germe le plus isolé. La séquestrectomie associée à l'antibiothérapie était le traitement standard. Le taux de guérison était de 87%


Subject(s)
Africa South of the Sahara , Extremities , Osteomyelitis , Osteomyelitis/epidemiology
10.
Pan Afr Med J ; 29: 172, 2018.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30050636

ABSTRACT

This study reports the complications occurred during the management of open fractures of the lower limbs, resulting in secondary amputations, observed in clinicians' practice in recent years as well as different risk factors and possible deficiencies in management at the origin of these complications. We conducted a retrospective study over a period of 06 years (January 2006 - January 2012). It included patients with open fracture of the lower limb initially treated in our institution and whose complications resulted in amputation. All patient undergoing emergency amputation after examination at the Emergency Department were excluded. All patient treated in another hospital before being referred to us were excluded by the study, even if secondary amputation had been performed in our institution. We collected data by analyzing the records of patients (clinical and complementary examinations, surgical reports). We evaluated our management of open fractures of the lower limb according to the guidelines and recommendations found in the literature. These complications were observed in 9 out of 306 open fractures of the lower limb treated in the same period (January 2006 - January 2012), reflecting a rate of 2.9%. The average age was 42.6(26-57) years, all patients were male. We recorded 1 case of fracture of the femur, 7 cases of fracture of 2 leg bones and 1 case of foot crushing. These were open fractures including 1 case of type 1 fracture, 3 cases of type II fracture and 5 cases of type III fracture, according to Gustilo and Anderson classification. We performed 5 amputations of the thigh and 4 amputation of the upper third of the leg. Various complications motivated these amputations, including bone infections or soft-tissue gangrenes of ischemic or infectious origin. The patients had no morbidities such as diabete and were not chronic smokers. No patient died. Open fractures deserve special attention of the surgeon on immediade complications both from a diagnostic and therapeutic point of view in order to reduce the amputation rates after primary surgery giving patients the impression that they had an incorrect procedure performed on them. Particular attention should be paid to the degree of initial contamination and to the presence of a virulent germ at the site of trauma which may motivate particular attitudes during primary management.


Subject(s)
Amputation, Surgical , Fractures, Open/surgery , Lower Extremity/injuries , Adult , Fracture Fixation/methods , Fractures, Open/complications , Gangrene/epidemiology , Gangrene/surgery , Humans , Lower Extremity/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Osteomyelitis/epidemiology , Osteomyelitis/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
11.
Pan Afr Med J ; 27: 2, 2017.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28748004

ABSTRACT

Tuberculous cold abscesses are a rare and unusual form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We here report the case of a 27-year old patient with a 5-month history of left dorsolumbar swelling presenting with dorsolumbar cold abscess revealing Pott's disease without neurological complications. Examination of pus sample collected at the time the abscess was incised and drained helped to confirm the diagnosis of cold abscesses of TB origin. The patient underwent 12 months of anti-tuberculosis treatment which lead to a faster recovery; the sequelae was slight gibbosity.


Subject(s)
Abscess/etiology , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Tuberculosis, Spinal/diagnosis , Abscess/microbiology , Adult , Drainage/methods , Humans , Male , Treatment Outcome , Tuberculosis, Spinal/drug therapy
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