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Aim To investigate the effect of overexpression of silent information regulator 1 (Sirtl) on cardiac function in mice with myocardial ischemia. Methods Myocardial specific Sirtl overexpression transgenic mice (Sirtl-Tg) and littermate control mice (C57BL/6J), half male and half female, were randomly divided into control sham operation group (Con), control model group (Con +ISO), Sirtl overexpression sham operation group (Sirtl-Tg) and Sirtl overexpression model group (Sirtl-Tg + ISO). Isoproterenol (ISO) was injected subcutaneously into the back of the neck at 100 mg • kg
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Hypertension, a primary cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, has become a major global public health problem and caused a heavy burden of health economics on the society. In "the 20 Most Important and Most Preventable Health Problems" released by the Chinese Academy of Engineering, hypertension was ranked the second. Due to the disease complexity, many hypertension patients need to take antihypertensive drugs for life. Although significant progress has been achieved in blood pressure lowering by western medicines, the problems including adverse reactions, poor compliance due to long-term medication, and ineffective mitigation in clinical symptoms related to hypertension remain to be addressed. In the last decade, the research on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) treatment of hypertension has received much attention and achieved remarkable progress. The TCM treatment of hypertension is the most active area of research with integrated Chinese and western medicine in China. In addition to lowering blood pressure smoothly, TCM can alleviate clinical symptoms, reverse risk factors, improve the quality of life, and protect target organs from the damage caused by hypertension. This article systematically reviews the research progress of TCM in treating hypertension in the last decade from the following four aspects: consensus on guideline, clinical trial, experimental study, and systematic review/Meta-analysis. It summarized the evidence of TCM in reducing blood pressure and clarified the mechanism of TCM in reducing blood pressure, aiming to provide a reference for the TCM diagnosis and treatment of hypertension and the development of new drugs.
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Humans , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Medicine, Chinese TraditionalABSTRACT
To explore the action mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in treating myocardial infarction based on network pharmaco-logy and molecular docking. Active components and corresponding targets of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction were obtained through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database(TCMSP), and related targets of myocardial infarction were obtained through GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases. Then the intersection targets were obtained by integrating the drug targets and disease targets. The "active component-target" network was constructed by Cytoscape software, and protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was drawn using STRING platform. Protein cluster analysis was carried out using MCODE. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were carried out using DAVID database and ClueGO, and molecular docking was carried out using Autodock Vina and Pymol. Finally, 226 active components of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction were obtained, 257 corresponding targets, 1 340 targets of myocardial infarction, and 109 drug and disease intersection targets were obtained. From GO enrichment analysis, 208 biological process terms, 38 molecular function terms, and 33 cellular component terms were obtained. From KEGG pathway analysis, NF-κB signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and other related pathways were obtained. The molecular docking results showed that the main active components(quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, luteolin, stigmasterol and baicalein) of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in the treatment of myocardial infarction had good binding properties with the core proteins IL6, ALB, VEGFA, TNF, MAPK3 and CASP3. The results suggested that Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction may play a role in the treatment of myocardial infarction by reducing the inflammatory response, reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and promoting angiogenesis.
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Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Molecular Docking Simulation , Myocardial Infarction/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To study the effect of Jieyu Qutan Huazhuo prescription（JQHP） on the gut microbiota of rats with high-fat diet，and to explore the effect of Chinese medicine on the regulation of gut microflora and the restoration of gut-liver axis balance. Method:Seventy male SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group of 10 and a model group of 60. Mice in the normal group were fed with normal diet and mice in the model group were fed high-fat diet. After 12 weeks，the model group was randomly divided into 6 groups with 10 animals in each group，namely the model group，Xuezhikang group，Liputuo group，and low，medium and high-dose groups of JQHP. The JQHP low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose rats were intragastrically daministered with 0.4，0.8，1.6 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>，respectively， rats in Liputuo group with Liputuo 2 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>，rats in Xuezhikang group with Xuezhikang 0.1 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>. The rats in the normal group and the model group were intragastrically administered with the same amount of distilled water. Stool were collected after continuous gavaging for 8 weeks，16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed，blood was collected from the abdominal aorta to detect blood lipids，and the liver tissue and ileum tissue were collected for hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining for pathomorphological observation. Result:Compared with the normal group，the total cholesterol （TC），triglyceride （TG），and low-density lipoprotein （LDL-C） in the model group were significantly increased，while the high-density lipoprotein （HDL-C） was decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group，TC and TG values were decreased significantly in Xuezhikang group （<italic>P</italic><0.01），HDL-C value was increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05），and in the Liputuo group TC and TG were decreased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group，the middle-dose group of JQHP had a certain alleviating effect on liver steatosis and could reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells. The JQHP could improve the proliferation of lymphoid tissues in the ileal structure，and the middle-dose group has the most significant effect. The results of Shannon curve showed that compared with the normal group，the middle-dose group of JQHP increased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group，the middle and high-dose group of JQHP increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the middle-dose group of JQHP，the other drug group decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Principal component diversity analysis（PCA） showed that the diversity and abundance in the middle-dose JQHP group were higher than those in other drug groups. In linear discriminant analysis（LDA），compared with the normal group，Bacteroidia，Ruminococcaceae，<italic>Bacteroides </italic>S24-7，and <italic>Rumenococcus </italic>UCG-005 were down-regulated in the model group（<italic>P</italic><0.01），while the orders of Desulfovibrionales，Erysipelotrichales and<italic> </italic>Lachnospiraceae were up-regulated in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group，the Bacteroidia，Ruminococcaceae，<italic>Bacteroides</italic> S24-7，and <italic>Rumencoccus</italic> UCG-005 in the middle-dose JQHP group were increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01），and the orders of Erysipelotrichales were decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the middle-dose JQHP group，Bacteroidia，Ruminococcaceae，<italic>Bacteroides</italic> S24-7，and <italic>Rumencoccus</italic> UCG-005 in other drug groups were reduced（<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01），and the order of Erysipelotrichales and Lachnospiraceae were increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:JQHP can regulate the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota，improve the state of liver tissue and ileum mucosa，regulate blood lipid levels，and restore the normal intestinal ecological environment. It may be related to the regulation of inflammation-related gut microbiota in order to restore the balance of the gut-liver axis，and the middle-dose JQHP group has the best effect.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the changes of ischemic myocardial cells apoptosis in rats following intervention with Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid (, XFZY), as well as changes of protein expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and SIRT1 pathway-related genes.@*METHODS@#H9c2 rat myocardial cells were divided into 6 groups: control group, oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) group, SIRT1 siRNA group, OGD+SIRT1 siRNA group, OGD+XFZY group, and OGD+SIRT1 siRNA+XFZY group. Quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the concentration variations of SIRT1 and its pathway-related genes and corresponding protein expression after XFZY intervention and SIRT1 transfection.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1 were decreased obviously, while the mRNA and protein levels of P53, FoxO1, FoxO3, FoxO4 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ΚB) were increased in the OGD group, SIRT1 siRNA group, and OGD+SIRT1 siRNA group (P<0.01). Compared with the OGD group and OGD+SIRT1 siRNA group, the treatment of XFZY inhibited the decline in SIRT1 mRNA and protein expressions (P<0.01), and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of P53, FoxO1, FoxO3, FoxO4 and NF-ΚB, respectively (P<0.05 or P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#XFZY could prevent myocardial cells apoptosis probably by increasing the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1 and inhibiting the mRNA and protein expressions of P53, NF- K B, FoxO1, FoxO3 and FoxO4.
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Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Zingiberis Rhizoma, ginger juice, Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum and roasted ginger are derived from the rhizome of Zingiber officinale. They are commonly used herbs in clinical application, but their processing methods are completely different, leading to different properties and flavors, meridian distributions, and efficacy characteristics from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In order to distinguish the clinical applications of different processed gingers, it's advisable to learn from Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases. Almost half of the prescriptions in the book contain Zingiber officinale, involving Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Zingiberis Rhizoma, ginger juice, Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum and other species. In addition, many researches have confirmed that the contents of chemical compositions contained in different processed gingers were not exactly the same, and their pharmacological effects were also different, thus their applications could not be confused. However, physicians often encounter drug shortage or improper processing in clinical practice, contributing to the current chaotic use of different processed gingers. Therefore, this paper aims at sorting out the sources, processing methods, and chemical compositions, comparing their properties, flavors, meridian distributions, and pharmacological effects, and summarizing the efficacy characteristics and application rules in TCM theory of different processed products, with the hope to provide theoretical foundations for their reasonable use.
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Thoracic obstruction is mainly attributed to the scope of coronary heart disease in modern medicine, and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) shows a significant effect in the treatment of thoracic obstruction. In this research, a network pharmacology method was carried out to systemically study the underlying mechanism of the core herbal compatibility in TCM on the thoracic obstruction. First, we collected the literature about TCM prescriptions for treating thoracic obstruction from CNKI. Then, a prescription database was establish by TCM inheritance support platform system(V2.5) to determine the medication rules and core herbal compatibility in TCM. Finally, to obtain the potential signaling pathways, KEGG pathway analysis was performed by BATMAN-TCM online analysis tool. Results showed that the potential signal pathway of core herbal compatibility in TCM for the clinical treatment of thoracic obstruction was calcium ion and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. This study provided a new research strategy for the study of the medication rules and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of thoracic obstruction.
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Heart failure (HF) is a severe heart disease. The use of autologous bone marrow stem cells (BMCs) mobilization in the treatment of HF has been a hot topic to research both in Western medicine and Chinese medicine (CM). There are many clinical trials and experiments on study of BMCs mobilization for HF therapy, including integrative medicine. The effect of BMCs mobilization is favorable for cardiac repair, while some advantages of CM support the advanced study of its application in BMCs mobilization to treat HF. In addition, with mechanisms of autologous BMCs mobilization for the treatment of HF that will be revealed in the future, especially stem cells niches, integrative medicine would play an important role in this clinical thought of therapy model gradually. Simultaneously, CM should adapt the new approaches of stem cells progresses on HF treatment as holding characteristics of itself.
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Humans , Bone Marrow Cells , Cell Biology , Heart Failure , Therapeutics , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Stem Cell Transplantation , Stem Cells , Cell Biology , Transplantation, AutologousABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the diagnosis scale of blood stasis syndrome (BSS) and explore the idea and method of using scale to research the quantitative diagnosis of Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Combining the modern epidemiology, consulting the access of quality of life scale, and colligating multi-angle methods to make the scale.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The scale had relatively good reliability and validity and could be used to estimate the degree of stasis and analyse the curative effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It was a reference for CM syndrome diagnosis that combines screening methods of scale entry with quantitative diagnosis to establish the quantitative diagnosis scale.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Disease , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Hematologic Diseases , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , Therapeutics , Hematometra , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , Hypertension , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires , SyndromeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish and screen the primitive entry pool of scale for patient-reported outcomes of coronary heart disease angina (CHDA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Under the guidance of Chinese medical theory, the original entry pool was preliminarily established in referring the international scale development methods and the characteristics of angina pectoris, which was screened by focus group discussions, semi-open questionnaires investigation, and expert's interviews.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirty-six entries were screened out from the 41 entries of initially established entry pool, in which 14 entries dealt with physiological domain, 8 with psychological domain, 4 with independent domain, 3 with social relations domain, 6 with social environment domain and 1 for overall assessment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The preliminary entries screened out have covered all the 5 commonly concerned domains of CHD-AP, could reflect the connotation of the disease more comprehensively. And it has good content validity due to its popular language, which is easily to be understood, comprehended and responded.</p>
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Humans , Angina Pectoris , Diagnosis , Therapeutics , Coronary Disease , Diagnosis , Therapeutics , Integrative Medicine , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Compared with Shengmai Capsule (生脉胶囊, SM), the study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xuefu Zhuyu Capsule (血府逐瘀胶囊, XFZY) on the symptoms and signs and health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) in the unstable angina (UA) patients with blood-stasis syndrome (BSS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy, and placebo-controlled trial was applied. Ninety patients, diagnosed as UA and BSS after successful PCI, were enrolled and equally randomized into three groups, XFZY group, SM group, and placebo group, and administered with the corresponding medications respectively for four weeks. The clinical symptoms and signs (CSS), electrocardiography (ECG), and BSS scores were recorded and compared among groups during and after the treatment. Short-form 36 (SF-36) and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) were applied to assess the HR-QOL in each group before and after the treatment. Safety indexes (blood routine and liver and kidney function tests) were also examined at the beginning and after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighty-six patients completed the whole study. After the treatment, the total effective rates of the XFZY group in ameliorating CSS and ECG were 76.7% and 60.0%, respectively, which were obviously higher than those in SM (CSS: 53.3%; ECG: 36.7%) and the placebo (CSS: 43.3%; ECG: 30.0%) groups. After one week's treatment, BSS scores slightly decreased in each group, but no significant differences were found among three groups (P>0.05). After four weeks' treatment, BSS scores in the XFZY group decreased to a lower level compared with SM (P <0.05) and the placebo (P <0.01) groups. After the treatment, the efficacy of XFZY group in improving body pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), society functioning (SF), role emotional (RE), angina stability (AS), angina frequency (AF), and treatment satisfaction (TS) were better than those in the placebo group (P <0.05,P <0.01). Meanwhile, the dimensions of BP, GH, SF, AS, AF, and TS were better improved than those in the SM group P <0.05). No obvious adverse reaction was found during and after the treatment except one case in the XFZY group reporting of stomach discomfort.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compared with SM Capsule treatment, a short-term treatment with XFZY Capsule exhibits better efficacy on CSS and BSS scores, and HR-QOL in UA patients with BSS after PCI. However, its long-term efficacy and safety still needs further investigation.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angina Pectoris , Drug Therapy , General Surgery , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Double-Blind Method , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Electrocardiography , Placebos , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Recently, a new traditional Chinese medicine differentiation theory "Syndrome Element (SE)" has been raised. In this study, the main syndrome element types and their correlations with the results of coronary angiography (CAG) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) were investigated.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Epidemiology cross-sectional study method was employed and 324 patients with CHD were enrolled, and their syndrome element types as well as the CAG results were analyzed. The correlations among syndrome element types, Gensini score, and the number of abnormal branches were also analyzed based on the distribution characteristics of syndrome element and coronary angiography results in the 324 cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to their occurrence frequency in 324 CHD patients, the top eight major heart syndrome elements were Xin () blood stasis (85.8%), Xin qi deficiency (79.6%), Xin heat blockage (41.1%), Xin phlegm with turbid fluid (38.0%), Xin qi stagnation (24.7%), Xin yang deficiency (18.9%), Xin yin deficiency (17.5%) and Xin cold coagulation (4.4%), respectively, which suggested that Xin blood stasis and Xin qi deficiency were the two most common syndrome elements. Also, as coronary artery Gensini score increased, the changing trend of the syndrome element was "Xin yang deficiency with blood stasis" to "Xin phlegm obstruction with heat blockage" to "Xin yin deficiency with blood stasis" to "Xin qi deficiency with blood stasis" to "Xin cold coagulation with phlegm and turbid fluid, "Xin cold coagulation with blood stasis" to "Xin deficiency of qi, yin and yang". As the number of abnormal branches increased, the syndrome element changing trend was "simultaneous occurrence of cold and heat syndrome" to "Xin qi and yang deficiency with blood stasis" to "Xin retention of phlegm with turbid fluid" to "Xin cold coagulation in the heart meridian", "Xin deficiency of both qi and yin". The result of this study shows that Xin qi deficiency and Xin blood stasis were the major syndrome elements in patients with CHD.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As the severity and extent of coronary artery lesion increased, there were some apparent correlations among syndrome elements, Gensini score and number of abnormal coronary artery branches.</p>
