ABSTRACT
The behavior of cephalexin in pharmaceutical and biological media was studied by spectrophotometric method. The ranges of linearity and the limits of cephalexin detection were determined. The possibilities of spectrophotometric cephalexin determination in mixed saliva and in blood serum were shown. Optimal conditions of proteins precipitation were revealed. Pharmacokinetic parameters of cephalexin in oral fluid of patients with sinusitis were determined.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/blood , Cephalexin/blood , Saliva/chemistry , Sinusitis/blood , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics , Calibration , Case-Control Studies , Cephalexin/pharmacokinetics , Chemical Precipitation , Humans , Limit of Detection , Protein Denaturation , Sinusitis/drug therapy , Sinusitis/microbiology , Spectrophotometry/methods , Young AdultABSTRACT
A method for quantitative determination of cefuroxime in mixed saliva of patients with sinusitis by using spectrophotometer Shimadzu UV-1800, combined with the IBM PC is described. The conditions of the determination were the following: λ = 266 nm, a quartz cuvette, the analysis time of 10 minutes. The method for determination of cefuroxime is characterized by high specificity, accuracy, use of small amounts of oral fluid and expressivity. The method may be recommended for the use in the clinical practice for optimizing cefuroxime therapy in patients. The pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime was investigated by the dynamics of its distribution in the oral fluid of patients with various infectious-somatic disorders.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics , Cefuroxime/pharmacokinetics , Saliva/chemistry , Sinusitis/drug therapy , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cefuroxime/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Male , Sensitivity and Specificity , Young AdultABSTRACT
The physical and chemical parameters of red blood cells were studied in patients with urinary tract infection. The permeability parameters were proposed to study erythrocyte membrane permeability. Complete recovery of the latter in patients with somatic diseases due to antibacterial therapy was found to suggest that the preservation of erythrocyte dysfunction.
Subject(s)
Cell Membrane Permeability/physiology , Erythrocyte Membrane/physiology , Erythrocytes/chemistry , Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Urinary Tract Infections/bloodABSTRACT
The behaviour of cefazolin in aqueous and biological media with varying the antibiotic concentration was studied by UV-spectroscopy. Range of the contents and the detection limits of cefazolin were determined. The procedure of UV-spectroscopy of cefazolin in mixed saliva of patients with urinary tract infection was developed.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis , Cefazolin/analysis , Saliva/chemistry , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Adolescent , Child , Humans , Limit of DetectionABSTRACT
A method for spectroscopic determination of ceftriaxone in saliva of healthy subjects and patients with upper respiratory tract infections was developed. The concentration range is 1-50 mcg/ml. The method is express and simple, and can be used to determine ceftriaxone in clinical tests and pharmacokinetic studies. Possible determination of ceftriaxone in aqueous solutions was demonstrated which is useful in analysis of drugs.
Subject(s)
Ceftriaxone/analysis , Saliva/chemistry , Ceftriaxone/pharmacokinetics , Humans , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
The analysis of the literature data for the last 10 years showed that microbiological, spectroscopic, chromatographic and electrochemical methods were most often used in quantitative determination of antibiotics in biological samples and drugs. Beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and other antibiotics were widely investigated. The characteristics of different methods of the antibiotic determination were discussed.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis , Body Fluids/chemistry , Animals , Dosage Forms , Drug Residues/analysis , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Food Analysis/methods , HumansABSTRACT
Stability of aqueous solutions of beta-lactam antibiotics (sodium benzylpenicillin, oxacillin, amoxycillin, phenoxymethylpenicillin, cefotaxime, cefazolin) in biological matter of various acidity was investigated spectrophotometrically. Potentiometric sensors (based on ionic association of beta-lactam tetradecylammonium) sensitive to penicillins and cephalosporins within the concentrations of 1 x 10(-5) - 1 x 10(-1) M were designed. The sensors provided determination of concentration of individual antibiotics and their summary content in the presence of a significant excess of inorganic ions. Express methods for ionometric determination of beta-lactams in blood serum and mixed saliva were developed.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis , beta-Lactams/analysis , Blood , Potentiometry/methods , Saliva/chemistry , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
The spectrum method is applied to the study of erythrocytic membrane permeability of water muddiness. A hundred forty patients aged 9-16 and 17-31 years who had quinsy were examined. Before treatment, the changes in the physical and chemical parameters of erythrocytes were identical in the patients with quinsy in both age groups and accompanied by the increased water contents in erythrocytes and their decreased concentration of dry matter. During and after treatment, all parameters of the physical and chemical properties of red blood cells were higher in 17-31-year-old patients than those in 9-16-year olds. The technique for estimating cell dispersion suspensions, which is based on the modern colloidal optics theory, is a reliable one for studying the permeability of cells in the body.