Nickel-catalyzed intermolecular carboiodination of alkynes with aryl iodides.

Nickel-catalyzed intermolecular carboiodination of alkynes with aryl iodides to form highly substituted and functionalized alkenyl iodides has been developed. The reaction involves radical-mediated formal alkyne insertion into the carbon-nickel bond and carbon-iodine reductive elimination facilitated by Ni(iii) species.

Changes in the plasma testosterone level and testicular superoxide dismutase activity of 5 azoospermic beagles after GnRH analogue injections.

The peripheral blood plasma testosterone (T) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in 5 azoospermic (AZ-) beagles. The mean values in the AZ-dogs were significantly lower than in 7 control beagles (P<0.001). Subcutaneous injections of 1 mug/kg GnRH analogue three times weekly in the AZ-dogs induced significant increases in mean T level and SOD activity (P<0.05) and improvement in spermatogenesis. Thus, spermatogenic function in the dog appears to be maintained by T and normal SOD activity in the testis.