ABSTRACT
We investigated the incidence of 15 respiratory viruses among 2991 children with acute respiratory infections in Novosibirsk city, Russia, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (2013-2020). Viral infections were detected in 72.5% cases. The incidence of human coronavirus was 2% (Alphacoronaviruses, 63%; Betacoronaviruses, 37%).
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Respiratory Tract Infections , COVID-19/epidemiology , Child , Child, Hospitalized , Hospitalization , Humans , Incidence , Pandemics , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Antiviral efficiency of oxidized dextrans (OD) with different molecular weights and oxidation degree (OD40min, OD70min, OD40max, and OD70 max) was studied in vitro and in vivo. Dextrans OD40max and OD70max prevented the development of the cytopathic effect of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in more than 50% MDCK cells vs. control (no OD). Four intranasal doses of OD40min, OD40max, and OD70min and one intranasal dose of OD70max before infection of BALB/c mice with A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus significantly reduced mortality and prolonged life span in comparison with controls receiving saline. These and our previous data attest to clear-cut preventive effect of OD in influenza infection.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Dextrans/pharmacology , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/drug effects , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control , Animals , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Dextrans/chemistry , Dextrans/therapeutic use , Dogs , Female , Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C/abnormalities , Oxidation-ReductionABSTRACT
We studied biological characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus circulating in Siberia during the 2009 pandemic and the post-pandemic period of 2011. BALB/c mice were chosen as the experimental model. Virus titers in the lungs were evaluated on days 1, 3, 6 and blood serum titers on day 15 after infection with different strains. Blood sera of convalescents after influenza of 2010-2011 epidemic season were analyzed. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus strains isolated during the post-pandemic period of 2011 were characterized by low epidemic activity and virulence in comparison with the strains isolated during 2009 pandemic period, which indicates completion of the pandemic cycle.
