[Periosteal chondroma]. / Periostales Chondrom.

Ten cases of periosteal (juxtacortical) chondroma were observed in a series of 234 benign cartilaginous tumors of the hand recorded in the Bone Tumor Register of the Orthopaedic Department of the Semmelweis Medical School, Budapest. The X-rays and histology of this slowly growing, juxtacortical, locally active tumor may simulate a chondrosarcoma and may often lead to difficulties in the differential diagnosis. The adequate assessment of the X-ray and histological finding prevents overdiagnosis and unjustified radical surgical therapy.

[Rare manifestations of Perthes disease]. / A Perthes-betegség ritkább megjelenési formái.

Authors briefly summarize the rare manifestations of Perthes' disease. The bilateral appearance, the possibility of its connection with constitutional disorders, the manifestation on hips already damaged, the forms appearing earlier or later than usual are described. The prognostical and the therapeutic significance of recognizing these forms of Perthes disease is stressed.

Effect of growth zone injury on growth in the tibia of rabbits.

Damaging the ossification centre of the proximal epiphysis of the tibia, the articular disc and the metaphysis of rabbits, the effect of injury on growth and the capacity for tissue regeneration during growth were studied radiologically and histologically. The injury penetrating into the metaphysis, directly damaging the articular disc gave rise to a more serious growth disturbance at the proximal end of the tibia than did the injury localized to the epiphyseal ossification centre. Tissue regeneration resulted in a richly vascularized granulation tissue in the injured region, with subsequent spongy bone formation. The hyaline cartilage did not regenerate.

Surgical management of complaints due to independent bone fragments in Osgood-Schlatter disease (apophysitis of the tuberosity of the tibia).

The surgical treatment of complaints due to independent bone parts in Osgood-Schlatter disease is described. Operations inducing the removal of the independent bone piece, the abrasion of the exostosis and the excision of inflamed connective tissue in their environment, were performed in 21 cases. By the intervention all patients could be relieved from their complaints. The pains are supposed to be due to inflammation caused by irritation on the surrounding region.

Histologic, physical and chemical investigation of myositis ossificans traumatica.

Histologic, physical and chemical analyses of the excised bony mass from a case of myositis ossificans traumatica were carried out. X-ray diffraction showed that the newly formed bone was an intermediate fluor-hydroxylapatite. Infrared spectroscopy and chemical analysis supported this finding. Contrary to articular free bodies the mineral part of the bony mass from the myositis ossificans investigated was formed most probably in a basic environment.

[Ventral vertebral synostosis in adolescents (author's transl)]. / Ventrale Wirbelsynostosen bei Jugendlichen.

6 cases of anterior vertebral synostosis in juvenile patients are described. All cases were observed in girls in the age of 11-16 years and together with rapidly developing round back deformity. In 4 patients the synostosis was seen at the first examination already in 2 patients only later. A special form of this deformity is described and therapeutic measures are discussed.

Effect of diaphyseal injury on the proximal growth zone of the tibia in rabbits.

In 130 growing chinchilla rabbits, the effect of various diaphyseal injuries--periosteal stripping, cortical drilling and fracture--on the growth plate and the metaphysis of the tibia was studied histologically and radiographically and with the aid of 51Cr labelled erythrocytes and the 85Sr isotope. It was found that the disturbed circulation and the venous stasis may have a marked effect on osteogenesis and bone growth but other factors are probably also involved. In the early stage after the injury an increase in the ground substance, widening of the zone of germinative and proliferative cells in the growth plate and a reticular arrangement of the bony trabeculae in the metaphysis were observed. In the late stage, along with a return to normal circulation, normalization of the osteogenesis and bone growth was also found.

Quantitative measurements of human bone enzymes.

Up to now quantitative analysis of human bone enzymes is a part of osteology which is not evaluated sufficiently. The lack of standardized methods, fresh bone and reliable methods of bone disintegration seem to impede these experiments mainly. The authors have elaborated a complex method for quantitative measurements of human bone enzymes and they describe the practical use of this method. The importance of quantitative bone enzyme measurements is pointed out.

Bifurcation of long tubular bones.

Five cases of bifurcation of long tubular bones, 2 on the lower and 3 the upper extremity, are described. In all cases they were accompanied by severe adjacent skeletal defects. If the proximal part of the bone was bifurcated the skeletal defect was observed proximally from this anomaly, if the distal bone end was forked than bones were missing distally from the bifurcation. In some early observations and a unique case with double epiphysis the shape of the anomalous branches of the bifurcation supported the theory of ectopic bone formation.

Physical and chemical investigation of free bodies in articular osteochondromatosis.

Physical and chemical analysis of the newly formed calcified bodies in articular osteochondromatosis was carried out. X-ray diffraction showed that these bodies consisted of carbonate apatite from the group Francolite-Dahllite. Infrared spectroscopy, and chemical and differential thermal investigations supported the data gained from the X-ray diffraction analysis.

[Crystallographic investigation of distraction callus (author's transl)]. / Kristallographische Untersuchung des Verlängerungskallus.

Physical examination using electron diffraction and thermogravimetry was performed on the distraction callus of six metacarpal bones of sheep. Brushite was observed in this callus beside apatite, and the number of crystals found was less than in physiological nature bone. From the crystallographic point of view the distraction callus was found similar to the callus known in fracture healing.

[Rare developmental disorders of the hip (author's transl)]. / Seltene Entwicklungsstörungen der Hüfte

Authors report on rare developmental disorders of the proximal end of the femur and of the acetabulum. The following cases are described: 1. Peculiar high situation of acetabular roofs. 2. Quadrangular proximal femoral epiphyseal nucleus. 3. Dysplasia epiphysealis capitis femoris. 4. A notch in the proximal femoral metaphysis. The significance of these developmental disorders is shortly discussed.

[Knee results of the treatment of traction contractures using the quadriceps plasty by Bennett (author's transl)]. / Ergebnisse der Behandlung der Extensionskontraktur des Kniegelenkes mit der Bennettschen Quadricepsplastik

Authors report on the results of 51 quadriceps-plasties according to Bennett in the treatment of the extension contracture of the knee. The result was influenced among others by the number of the functioning muscle fibers, by the grade of the preoperative muscular contracture and the postoperative physiotherapy and by the physical and mental development of the patients. In nearly two thirds of the cases very good and good results were achieved. Special questions of the operative technique and the postoperative function are discussed.

Ultrastructure of a mixed form of calcinosis.

An unusual form of calcinosis is described presenting a joint occurrence of calcinosis circumscripta and calcinosis universalis. Ultrastructurally, the mineral constituent is of much higher crystallinity than that of normal bone, and includes a rare kind of carbonate apatite. The crystals of the specimen were needle-like and hexagonal, in juxtaposition to normal collagen fibrils. Supposedly, the development of the calcifiable matrix is different in calcinosis and bone tissue.