ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Myocardial injury is a common finding in COVID-19 strongly associated with severity. We analysed the prevalence and prognostic utility of myocardial injury, characterized by elevated cardiac troponin, in a large population of COVID-19 patients, and further evaluated separately the role of troponin T and I. METHODS: This is a multicentre, retrospective observational study enrolling patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized in 32 Spanish hospitals. Elevated troponin levels were defined as values above the sex-specific 99th percentile upper reference limit, as recommended by international guidelines. Thirty-day mortality was defined as endpoint. RESULTS: A total of 1280 COVID-19 patients were included in this study, of whom 187 (14.6%) died during the hospitalization. Using a nonspecific sex cut-off, elevated troponin levels were found in 344 patients (26.9%), increasing to 384 (30.0%) when a sex-specific cut-off was used. This prevalence was significantly higher (42.9% vs 21.9%; P < .001) in patients in whom troponin T was measured in comparison with troponin I. Sex-specific elevated troponin levels were significantly associated with 30-day mortality, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 3.00 for total population, 3.20 for cardiac troponin T and 3.69 for cardiac troponin I. CONCLUSION: In this multicentre study, myocardial injury was a common finding in COVID-19 patients. Its prevalence increased when a sex-specific cut-off and cardiac troponin T were used. Elevated troponin was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality, irrespective of cardiac troponin assay and cut-offs to detect myocardial injury. Hence, the early measurement of cardiac troponin may be useful for risk stratification in COVID-19.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/blood , Cardiomyopathies/blood , Mortality , Troponin I/blood , Troponin T/blood , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2 , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Since at present several diagnostic criteria of the metabolic syndrome (MS) exist, the objective of the study is to verify the utility of the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) to diagnose the MS, their agreement with other previous definitions and the insulin resistance (IR). It also studies its relation with the coronary risk (CR). SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Design of a cross-sectional descriptive study in the scope of the primary care of Yecla (Murcia). We studied 317 selected people from a stratified random sampling (age and sex) of 424 from a population of 18,059 with sanitary card and aged > or = 30 years. Socio-demographic, anthropometric and analytical (lipids, microalbuminuria, hemoglobin A1c and insulinemia) variables were registered. Criteria from the World Health Organization (WHO), Third Report of National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP-III), European Group for the Study of Insuline Resistance (EGIR) and IDF were used to diagnose the MS. We defined IR when index HOMA > or = 3.8. The agreement between definitions of MS was determined by the kappa statistic. The CR was quantified according to Anderson (1991) method. RESULTS: The prevalence of the MS was: WHO, 35.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 29.8-40.8); NCEP, 20.2% (95% CI, 15.6-24.8); EGIR, 24% (95% CI, 19.1-28.9), and IDF, 28.9% (95% CI, 23.8-34). The prevalence of IR was 27.7% (95% CI, 22.6-32.8). The agreement between the most clinical criteria (NCEP, IDF) and the biochemists (WHO, EGIR, HOMA) was lower (kappa < 0.50). A 58.2% (WHO), 66.1% (NCEP), 50% (EGIR) and 57% (IDF) of subjects with MS presented a CR greater than 20%. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of the MS in Yecla exists, with a good agreement between the most clinical definitions of the syndrome (NCEP and IDF), that are associated with greater CR.
Subject(s)
Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Insulin Resistance , Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Albuminuria/etiology , Anthropometry , Coronary Disease/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Insulin/blood , Lipids/blood , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Prevalence , Risk , Sampling Studies , SpainABSTRACT
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