Coffee Pulp: A Natural Alternative for Control of Resistant Nematodes in Small Ruminants.

Goat production in Mexico is an important economic activity that is affected by different gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) species. GINs resistant to commercial anthelmintics have been reported. Plant extracts or agro-industrial by-products, such as coffee pulp, have been proposed as control alternatives, given their secondary metabolite content. The aim of the present study was to determine the anthelmintic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of coffee pulp against benzimidazole-resistant GINs. Stool samples were collected from goats, from which GIN eggs were identified and quantified. Molecular techniques confirmed the genus of GINs and their benzimidazole resistance profile. The percentage of egg hatching inhibition (% EHI) and larval mortality (% LM) with the hydroalcoholic extract of coffee pulp was determined at concentrations from 200 to 0.39 mg/mL. The genera Haemonchus spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. were identified, and the presence of the ß-tubulin gene mutation, associated with benzimidazole (BZ) resistance, was determined. Hydroalcoholic extract of coffee pulp inhibited 100% of egg hatching at 200 and 100 mg/mL, with no larvicidal effect at the evaluated concentrations.

Actividad antibacteriana y sobre nematodos gastrointestinales de metabolitos secundarios vegetales: enfoque en Medicina Veterinaria / Antibacterial activity and on gastrointestinal nematodes of secondary vegetable metabolites: focus on Veterinary Medicine

En la actualidad el uso de plantas medicinales se ha convertido en una alternativa para el tratamiento y control de enfermedades tanto en medicina veterinaria como en medicina humana. En estudios recientes se ha reportado que los metabolitos secundarios presentes en la mayoría de las plantas ejercen efectos a nivel productivo y de salud; ya que poseen efectos bactericidas o bacteriostáticos, antihelmíntico (taninos y saponinas), anticancerígeno, antioxidante e inmunoestimulante (compuestos fenólicos, saponinas alcaloides y terpenos); e incluso gracias a su contenido de metabolitos secundarios se han propuesto como parte de la alimentación en animales debido a que pueden mejorar parámetros productivos y reproductivos. La presencia o ausencia de estos efectos dependerá del tipo de planta, tipo de metabolito secundario y la cantidad y frecuencia con la que se consuman. El objetivo de la presente revisión fue realizar una búsqueda bibliográfica de los principales metabolitos secundarios de plantas con actividades antimicrobianas y sobre nematodos gastrointestinales, reportadas en Medicina Veterinaria.