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1.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 29(1): 28-33, Ene-Feb. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-209622

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El dolor neuropático lumbar es una patología frecuente en la clínica diaria, con un tratamiento complejo, tanto farmacológico como intervencionista. Estos tratamientos podemos complementarlos con un parche transdérmico de capsaicina al 8 %. La capsaicina es agonista selectivo de los receptores TRPV1 (receptor transitorio vanilla de 1) cuya activación bloquea la liberación de sustancia P, muy implicada en el proceso de la inflamación. Objetivos: Valorar la utilidad del parche de capsaicina al 8 % como complemento en pacientes con dolor neuropático lumbar. Como objetivo secundario, valorar los efectos adversos del parche de capsaicina tanto en el momento de aplicación como a los 3 meses. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo, en el que se incluyeron 20 pacientes con dolor neuropático lumbar, tratados con parche de capsaicina al 8 % (Qutenza® como complemento al tratamiento habitual de esta patología. Se utilizaron 3 test para valorar el dolor: EVA (escala visual analógica del dolor), DN4 y LANSS para dolor neuropático. Los 3 test fueron pasados a los pacientes antes de la aplicación del parche y a los 3 meses de este. Resultados: Al inicio, el 95 % de los pacientes incluidos en el estudio presentaban dolor muy severo (EVA 8-9). A los 3 meses, el 85 % de los pacientes refieren dolor moderado (EVA 5-6). Con respecto al test DN4 observamos una disminución de los valores de algo más de 2 puntos. En el test LANSS encontramos una disminución de más de 5 puntos en estos 3 meses. La aplicación del parche no causó efectos secundarios significativos. Conclusiones: El parche de capsaicina al 8 % se ha mostrado eficaz y seguro como tratamiento complementario para el dolor neuropático lumbar.(AU)


Introduction: Lumbar neuropathic pain is a common pathology in daily clinical practice, with a complex treatment, both pharmacological and interventional. These treatments can be complemented with an 8 % capsaicin transdermal patch. Capsaicin is a selective agonist of TRPV1 receptors (transient receptor vanilla 1) whose activation blocks the release of substance P, which is heavily involved in the inflammatory process. Objectives: To assess the usefulness of the capsaicin 8 % patch as an adjunct in patients with lumbar neuropathic pain. As a secondary objective, to assess the adverse effects of the capsaicin patch both at the time of application and after 3 months. Patients and methods: Retrospective, observational and descriptive study, which included 20 patients with lumbar neuropathic pain, treated with capsaicin patch 8 % (Qutenza® as an adjunct to the usual treatment of this pathology. Three tests were used to assess pain: VAS (visual analogue pain scale), DN4 and LANSS for neuropathic pain. The 3 tests were administered to the patients before the application of the patch and 3 months after the patch was applied. Outcomes: At baseline, 95 % of patients included in the study had very severe pain (VAS 8-9). At 3 months, 85 % of patients reported moderate pain (VAS 5-6). With respect to the DN4 test, we observed a decrease in values of slightly more than 2 points. In the LANSS test we found a decrease of more than 5 points in these 3 months. The application of the patch did not cause significant side effects. Conclusions: The 8 % capsaicin patch has been shown to be effective and safe as an adjunctive treatment for lumbar neuropathic pain.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pain Management/methods , Capsaicin , Low Back Pain/diagnosis , Low Back Pain/drug therapy , Paresthesia , Hypersensitivity , Pain Measurement , Peripheral Nervous System , Pain , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
3.
Eur J Anaesthesiol ; 20(3): 205-11, 2003 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12650491

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to compare the haemodynamic, electrophysiological and pharmacodynamic effects of three selective inhibitors of the different isoenzyme forms of phosphodiesterase (PDE) on ischaemia-induced dysrhythmias in the anaesthetized rat. The drugs used were pimobendan, a selective PDE III inhibitor, rolipram, a selective PDE IV inhibitor, and zaprinast, a selective PDE V inhibitor. METHODS: The coronary artery was occluded 15 min after commencing drug administration, and myocardial ischaemia was maintained for 30 min during which the heart rate and mean arterial pressure were recorded. cAMP and cGMP were determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Pretreatment with rolipram decreased the duration of ventricular tachycardia without any change in the incidences of dysrhythmias or the mortality rate. This drug did not modify ventricular content of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) or guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). Pimobendan (1 mg kg(-1) + 0.1 mg kg(-1) min) decreased the duration of ventricular tachycardia. This dose of pimobendan and zaprinast (1 mg kg(-1) + 0.1 mg kg(-1) min(-1)) increased the incidence rate of ventricular fibrillation following coronary artery ligation and the mortality rate. Moreover, both drugs increased cGMP in the ventricle. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that pimobendan and zaprinast increased the incidence of dysrhythmias and the mortality rate, which was accompanied by an increase in the ventricular content of cGMP. Rolipram decreased the duration of ventricular tachycardia without a change in the cyclic nucleotide content or in the mortality rate.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Cyclic AMP/metabolism , Cyclic GMP/metabolism , Myocardial Ischemia/physiopathology , Myocardium/metabolism , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Purinones/pharmacology , Pyridazines/pharmacology , Rolipram/pharmacology , 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/metabolism , 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases , Animals , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/mortality , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Coronary Vessels/physiology , Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3 , Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4 , Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 , Heart Rate/drug effects , Heart Ventricles/drug effects , Heart Ventricles/enzymology , Heart Ventricles/metabolism , Ligation , Male , Myocardial Ischemia/mortality , Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley
4.
Can J Anaesth ; 48(5): 486-92, 2001 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11394520

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of GI104313, a chimeric molecule containing a phosphodiesterase inhibiting pyradazinone and a blocking phenoxpropanolamine, on ischemia-induced arrhythmias in anesthetized rats. METHOD: The coronary artery was occluded 15 min after commencing drug administration and myocardial ischemia was maintained for 30 min during which the heart rate and mean blood pressure were recorded. Cyclic AMP and GMP were determined by radio-immunoassay. RESULTS: GI104313 (0.1 micromol x kg(-1) plus 0.01 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1) or 1 micromol x kg(-1) plus 0.1 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) decreased the incidence of ventricular tachycardia (86% and 75%), ventricular fibrillation (28%, P <0.01 and 12%, P <0.001) and premature ventricular beats (164 +/- 27.0 and 114 +/- 28.5, P <0.05) following coronary artery ligation, resulting in a decrease in mortality (29% and 12%, P <0.05). Changes in cyclic nucleotide concentrations have been implicated in the genesis of ischemia-induced arrhythmias. However, in the present study GI104313 did not change the concentrations of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) (1.0 +/- 0.07 pmol x mg(-1), 1.0 +/- 0.05 pmol x mg(-1)) or guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) (0.025 +/- 0.008 pmol x mg(-1) protein, 0.017 +/- 0.004 pmol x mg(-1) protein) in the left ventricle during ischemia-induced arrhythmias in anesthetized rats compared to saline (0.9 +/- 0.1 pmol x mg(-1) and 0.013 +/- 0.002 pmol x m(-1), respectively). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that, in rats, GI104313 induced a decrease in both incidence of arrhythmias and mortality which was not associated with changes in ventricular cyclic nucleotide content.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/pharmacology , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/prevention & control , Myocardial Ischemia/complications , Nitriles/pharmacology , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Pyridazines/pharmacology , Animals , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Male , Milrinone/pharmacology , Myocardium/metabolism , Nucleotides, Cyclic/metabolism , Propranolol/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley
5.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 7(3): 141-148, abr. 2000. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-4461

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La incidencia de dolor moderado-severo en el postoperatorio continua siendo elevada a pesar de los conocimientos epidemiológicos, farmacológicos y técnicos actuales. El control de dicho dolor debe realizarse por el bienestar del paciente, por disminuir las complicaciones postoperatorias y por una ahorro en estancias hospitalarias y coste del proceso .Objetivos: Valorar la eficacia de una unidad de dolor agudo (U.D.A.) sobre el alivio del dolor tras toracotomía, valorando morbilidad y tiempo de estancia postoperatoria, y comparándola con los resultados del tratamiento analgésico consistente en AINE intravenoso programado + narcótico a demanda.Material y métodos: Se ha realizado un estudio re t rospectivo sobre 44 historias clínicas de pacientes sometidos a lobectomías o neumectomías en los años 1991-1992, 22 de los cuales recibieron como terapia analgésica metamizol magnésico intravenoso cada 6 horas + meperidina subcutánea (a demanda) y los otros 22 tratamiento específico pautado por la unidad de dolor agudo (U.D.A.) del Hospital Vi rgen de la Arrixaca de Murcia, consistente en narcóticos (morfina o fentanilo) más anestésicos locales (bupivacaína) vía epidural de forma continua asociados a AINE (metamizol magnésico) en perfusión intravenosa. Se registraron además de los datos demográficos, diagnóstico y tipo de intervención, duración de la intervención, narcóticos intraoperatorios, tiempo de estancia en reanimación, el tiempo de estancia postoperatoria en planta y las complicaciones postoperatorias reflejadas en la historia clínica (dolor, fieb re, disnea, atelectasias y exitus). El resto de complicaciones aparecidas se clasificaron como "otras". Se ha calculado el coste en UPAs (Unidad Ponderada de Asistencia), que representa el coste medio de un enfermo un día en planta .Estadísticamente, la comparación de grupos en cuanto a variables cuantitativas se ha realizado mediante un análisis de varianza complementado con contrastes de pares de medias mediante el test de la T-Student. La relación entre variables cualitativas se ha realizado mediante análisis de tablas de contingencia con el test de la 2 de Pearson complementado con el análisis de residuos, con el fin de detectar el sentido de la asociación o dependencia. La re l ación entre variables cuantitativas se ha establecido mediante análisis de correlación lineal entre pares de variables. Las diferencias las consideramos significativas para p<0,05.Resultados: Los resultados muestran unos datos demográficos y quirúrgicos similares. Dentro de las complicaciones se observa una mayor proporción de pacientes con dolor (p<0,001), atelectasias (p<0,001), exitus (p<0,01) y otras complicaciones (p<0,01) entre los pacientes que recibieron tratamiento analgésico convencional. El tiempo medio de estancia postoperatoria disminuyó significativamente en los pacientes tratados por la U.D.A., pasando de 13 + 1,82 a 9,64 + 2,04 días (p< 0,05). Al traducir estos datos de estancia a UPAs, también se aprecia una disminución similar del coste medio de las intervenciones (p< 0,05).Conclusiones: Como conclusión podemos afirmar que el tratamiento adecuado del dolor postoperatorio disminuye la morbilidad postoperatoria, el tiempo medio de estancia y el coste medio de las intervenciones (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Thoracotomy/adverse effects , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Pain Clinics , Thoracotomy/economics , Pain, Postoperative/therapy , Pulmonary Atelectasis/etiology , Anesthesia, Intravenous , Length of Stay , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage , Retrospective Studies , Pneumonectomy/adverse effects , Dipyrone/pharmacology , Meperidine/pharmacology , Meperidine/administration & dosage , Injections, Subcutaneous , Morphine/pharmacology , Bupivacaine/pharmacology
6.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 44(4): 135-9, 1997 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9244939

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To compare the analgesic efficacy and repercussion on labor of early administration of two different concentrations of bupivacaine/fentanyl in continuous epidural perfusion, in comparison with a control group receiving no epidural anesthesia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty patients were distributed among 3 groups. Group I (n = 50) received no epidural analgesia. Group II (n = 50) and III (n = 50) received test doses of 3 ml of bupivacaine plus adrenalin 1/200,000. After 5 minutes each patient in the study groups received 13 ml of the solution assigned (group II: 0.04% bupivacaine plus adrenalin 1/2,500,000 and fentanyl 2.5 micrograms/ml; group III: 0.0625% bupivacaine plus adrenalin 1/1,600,000 and fentanyl 2 micrograms/ml). Five minutes later a perfusion of 12 ml/h-1 of the same solution was delivered until dilation was complete. RESULTS: Epidural perfusion was started at 2.5 +/- 0.93 cm of dilation (group II) and 2.3 +/- 0.92 cm (group III). There were no statistically significant differences in either duration of labor until full dilation or expulsion among the groups. Pain assessed on a visual analog scale evolved from a baseline mean of 4.5 to 5 in the three groups, reaching 8.9 +/- 0.74 (group I), 0.24 +/- 0.89 (group II) and 0.28 +/- 0.57 (group III). There were no significant differences in fetal presentation or Apgar scores among the three groups at the end of delivery. CONCLUSION: Both solutions provide good analgesia during labor with minimum undesirable side effects. Low epidural doses of bupivacaine and fentanyl started early do not affect the course of labor.


Subject(s)
Analgesia, Epidural , Analgesia, Obstetrical , Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Bupivacaine/therapeutic use , Fentanyl/therapeutic use , Labor, Obstetric/drug effects , Analgesia, Epidural/adverse effects , Analgesia, Obstetrical/adverse effects , Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage , Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/administration & dosage , Bupivacaine/adverse effects , Female , Fentanyl/administration & dosage , Fentanyl/adverse effects , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Perfusion , Pregnancy
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