ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of postoperative adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with microscopic venous invasion. METHODOLOGY: Data from 76 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy with or without postoperative adjuvant TACE between July 2005 and August 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare survival between the groups and prognostic factors were evaluated by Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: The 1-, 3- and 5-year disease- free survival rates were 76.3%, 44.5% and 31.8%, respectively, for the adjuvant TACE group (35 patients) and 60.1%, 39.3% and 21.5%, respectively, for the control group (41 patients). The 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 88.6%, 67.2% and 42.3%, respectively, for the TACE group and 77.5%, 58.0% and 40.5%, respectively, for the control group. Although improving trends of both disease-free survival and overall survival were observed in adjuvant TACE group, there was no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor size and differentiation were significant independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative adjuvant TACE may improve 1, 3 and 5 year disease-free and overall survival rates of HCC patients with microscopic venous invasion but no statistical significance was found. It can be used as a preventative treatment but not a routine procedure for such patients.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy , Chemoembolization, Therapeutic , Hepatectomy , Liver Neoplasms/therapy , Veins/pathology , Adult , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Chi-Square Distribution , China , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Liver Neoplasms/mortality , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Proportional Hazards Models , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are one subgroup of gastroenteropancreatic NETs. Its main characteristics are slow growth, frequent metastasis to the liver, and limited to the liver for long periods. In patients with irresectable liver metastatic NET, liver transplantation is the only radical treatment. About 160 cases of liver transplantation for liver metastatic NET have been reported worldwide. However, there is no such report of liver transplantation for hepatic metastatic NET in China by now. We herein report a case of liver transplantation for hepatic metastatic pancreatic insulinoma with a survival of over 5 years.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Insulinoma , Therapeutics , Liver Neoplasms , Liver Transplantation , Pancreatic Neoplasms , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Since the fast expansion of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) over last few decades, small-for-size syndrome (SFSS) has emerged as a tough problem. Herein the first case of LDLT combined hemi-portocaval shunt in the mainland of China was reported. Portal venous over perfusion was well modulated and the recipient recovered uneventfully. LDLT combined hemi-portocaval shunt was a feasible procedure for preventing SFSS in LDLT.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , General Surgery , Liver Neoplasms , General Surgery , Liver Transplantation , Methods , Living Donors , Portacaval Shunt, Surgical , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The value of artificial colloids in treating patients with liver disease is controversial. The effects of intravascular volume replacement regimens on liver function secondary to alteration of the postoperative inflammatory response are not known. In this study, we evaluated the effects of different volume replacement regimens in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing hepatectomy to clarify whether albumin administration can be replaced by other volume replacement products.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety consecutive hepatocellular carcinoma patients scheduled for hepatectomy were prospectively randomized to receive 20% human albumin (HA), 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) or lactated Ringer's solution (LR) for postoperative volume replacement. Hemodynamic, liver function and inflammatory response parameters were recorded on postoperative days one, three, and five throughout the investigation period.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significantly less volume was required in the HA and the HES groups. Although patients in all groups had similar baseline values, the plasma osmolality was significantly higher in the HA and HES groups. Total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased from baseline in all groups, and did not differ significantly between groups. C-reactive protein (CRP) was significantly lower in the HES group compared with the other groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing hepatectomy, HA can be replaced by HES or LR in well selected patients. Hemodynamic stability, liver function, and postoperative clinical outcomes could be equivalently achieved in the HES group; also, HES may exert more favorable effects on the acute phase response.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Albumins , Therapeutic Uses , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , General Surgery , Hemodynamics , Hepatectomy , Methods , Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives , Therapeutic Uses , Isotonic Solutions , Therapeutic Uses , Liver Neoplasms , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the safety line to avoid the post-hepatectomy hepatic insufficiency by combining indocyanine green test by pulse dye-densitometry (PDD-ICG) and standard remnant liver volume (SRLV).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-five hepatic cancer patients undergone hepatectomy from March 2007 to February 2008 were included. According to the liver function decompensatory grades after operation, the relationship between ICG retention rate at 15 min (ICGR15) and standard remnant liver volume by linear regression were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 60 cases with slight hepatic insufficiency, 12 cases with moderate hepatic insufficiency, and 3 cases with severe hepatic insufficiency. There were no difference in age [(50 +/- 13) years old and (53 +/- 9) years old], prothrombin time [(13.6 +/- 1.0) s and (13.5 +/- 1.0) s], international normalized ratio (1.09 +/- 0.10 and 1.06 +/- 0.10) between slight hepatic insufficiency group and moderate and severe hepatic insufficiency group (P > 0.05). And there were difference in K value (0.20 +/- 0.04 and 0.17 +/- 0.03), ICGR15 (6 +/- 4 and 9 +/- 4), SRLV [(545 +/- 93) ml and (398 +/- 82) ml] between two groups (P < 0.05). Compared ICG test and standard remnant liver volume of the patients with moderate hepatic insufficiency after operation, the liner relationship was found (R = 0.640, P = 0.025), and the regression equation was: standard remnant liver volume (ml/m(2)) = 1594.6 x ICGR15 + 265.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PDD-ICG test and standard remnant liver volume are effective to estimate hepatic function reserve of patient undergone hepatectomy.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hepatectomy , Methods , Hepatic Insufficiency , Indocyanine Green , Pharmacokinetics , Liver , Pathology , Liver Neoplasms , Pathology , General Surgery , Postoperative ComplicationsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize our experience in adult-to-infant living donor liver transplantation (A-ILDLT) and to analyze the efficacy and complications of A-ILDLT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data, surgical strategies and complications of 28 adult donors and infantile recipients who underwent A-ILDLT from April 2006 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. These 28 patients (14 boys and 14 girls) aged from 80 days to 11.5 months with body weights of 3.08 to 10.3 kg at the time of operation . They suffered from biliary atresia with decompensated cirrhosis. The living donors were 15 mothers, 9 fathers, 3 grandma and 1 elder brother with ABO compatible with the infantile recipients. 27 Donor organs were the left lateral lobe grafts (segment II, III) and 1 graft was segment II. All patients were followed up for 5 to 24 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>These grafts were orthotopically transplanted into the infantile recipients. The average length of stay was 9.3 days for the donor group without any complications. Postoperative immunosuppression included prednisone, Cyclosporin and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). A total of 24 postoperative complications occurred in 20 recipients, including 5 vascular complications, 4 bleeding, 7 pneumonia, 2 bowel obstruction, 4 intestinal perforation and 3 rejection. Three recipients died of hepatic arterial thrombosis (HAT). The perioperative mortality rate of recipients was 10.7% (3/28) and the survival rate was 89.3% in peroperative period. One died of stricture of hepatic vein and 1 of accidental asphyxia during follow-up term. At present, 23 cases are still alive.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A-ILDLT has become an effective method to infants with end-stage liver disease. The postoperative vascular complication is the predominant cause of death.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Liver Diseases , General Surgery , Liver Transplantation , Methods , Living Donors , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Liver transplantation in Budd-Chiari syndrome remains controversial; however, some improved techniques lead to better results. We report medium-term follow-up results of liver transplantation with atrioatrial anastomosis for Budd-Chiari syndrome and explore the indications of liver transplantation with atrioatrial anastomosis for patients with end stage liver disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nine patients (six Budd-Chiari syndromes, one end stage hepatolithiasis, one hepatocellular carcinoma and one incurable alveolar echinococcosis) underwent liver transplantation with atrioatrial anastomosis in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 1999 to 2006. Eight liver transplants used cadaveric orthotopic livers and one a living donor liver. The operative technique was transdiaphragmatic exposure for direct atrioatrial anastomosis and replacement of inferior vena cava by cryopreserved vena cava graft with the help of venovenous bypass.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All liver transplantations were successful. Two patients contracted pulmonary infection and acute rejection took place in another case. With proper treatment, all patients recovered well and had good quality of life. To date, they have been followed up for more than 24 months. The only death followed recurrence of hepatic carcinoma three years after liver transplantation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Transdiaphragmatic exposure for direct atrioatrial anastomosis and the cryopreserved vena cava graft replacement of inferior vena cava are possible for patients with end stage liver disease thus extending the indications of liver transplantation.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anastomosis, Surgical , Methods , Budd-Chiari Syndrome , General Surgery , Diaphragm , Follow-Up Studies , Heart Atria , General Surgery , Liver Transplantation , Methods , Vena Cava, Inferior , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of postoperative intraportally administration of insulin on hepatic regeneration in adult patients underwent living donor right lobe liver transplantation (LDLT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2005 to September 2007, 15 right lobe LDLT adult recipients voluntarily receiving posttransplant intraportal insulin administration, without postoperative vascular and bile duct complications, without immune rejection, with more than 1 month survival and complete clinical data were enrolled in this study as intraportal insulin-therapy group (Group I). Another consecutive 15 right lobe LDLT adult recipients meeting the upwards referred criteria were enrolled in as non-insulin-therapy control group (Group NI). Recipients in Group I were treated postoperatively with intraportal insulin infusion, as follows: a 18-gauge catheter was inserted into right gastro-omental vein during surgery, regular insulin was administered just after the operation at the rate of 2 units/hour for 7 days. Liver function and serum insulin level were measured at before-operative day 1, postoperative day (POD) 7 and 30. Graft volume (GV) were measured during operation, and at POD 7 and 30.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate defined as ratio of POD 7 GV/operation GV in Group I was higher than that of Group NI [(186.1 +/- 35.4)% vs. (160.6 +/- 22.1)%, P < 0.05]. The rate defined as ratio of POD 7 GRWR/operation GRWR was also higher in Group I than Group NI [(179.0 +/- 35.8) % vs. (156.6 +/- 18.5%, P < 0.05], whereas significant differences were not appeared between two groups in terms of regeneration rates at POD 30. Serum levels of total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in Group I were lower than that in Group NI at POD 7 (P < 0.05). Significant differences were not presented between two groups in terms of post-transplant serum insulin levels and total insulin dosage by subcutaneous administration and venous injection (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These results suggest that intraportal insulin administration could augment liver graft regeneration during the first postoperative week.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Infusion Pumps , Insulin , Therapeutic Uses , Liver Regeneration , Liver Transplantation , Living Donors , Portal Vein , Postoperative Period , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the predictive value of portal vein flow rate preoperative for portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after periesophagastric devascularization in hepatitis B cirrhosis-related portal hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2007 to July 2008, 45 patients with portal hypertension caused by hepatitis B cirrhosis were performed splenectomy with peri-esophagogastric devascularization in the same medical group in West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The portal vein flow rate and the diameter of portal vein were measured with doppler sonography respectively before and after the operation. At the same time, the level of PT and PLT were detected. The weight of spleens were measured after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirteen cases suffered from PVT postoperatively. Portal vein flow rate was significantly lower in patients with PVT postoperation than that in patients without PVT (P < 0.01). In patients with PVT (n = 13) postoperation, the preoperative portal vein flow rate was (19.5 +/- 5.3) cm/s. Among the 13 cases, there were 12 cases whose flow rate were lower than 25 cm/s, and 1 case whose flow rate was 32. 3 cm/s; In patients without PVT (n = 32), the preoperative portal vein flow rate was (9.6 +/- 8.0) cm/s. In patients with lower rate (n = 17), the incidence rate of PVT was 70.6%; in patients with higher rate (n = 28), the incidence rate of PVT was 3.6%. The incidence rate of PVT in patients with lower rate was significantly lower than patients with higher rate (P < 0.01). The diameter of portal vein in patients with PVT was significantly wider than patients without PVT. The diameter of portal vein was negative correlative with the portal vein flow rate. The value 25 cm/s was of diagnostic efficiency, the sensitivity was 92.3%, and specificity was 70.6%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The portal vein flow rate preoperative can be used as an early predictor of portal vein thrombosis after periesophagastric devascularization in hepatitis B cirrhosis-related portal hypertension to give a guide to clinical work.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blood Flow Velocity , Hypertension, Portal , General Surgery , Liver Cirrhosis , Portal Vein , Diagnostic Imaging , Postoperative Complications , Diagnosis , Preoperative Care , Risk Factors , Splenectomy , Ultrasonography , Venous Thrombosis , DiagnosisABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Since January 2002, adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (AALDLT) has gained increasing popularity in China in response to the shortage of cadaveric donor livers. This study presents a detailed analysis of the outcomes of AALDLT in a single center.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 70 patients underwent AALDLT at our center between January 2002 and January 2007. Among these, 67 patients received a right lobe graft without the middle hepatic vein and 3 patients received dual grafts. Three-dimensional volumetric computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging with angiography and cholangiography were performed preoperatively. Recipient operation time, intraoperative transfusion requirement, length of intensive care unit stay, length of hospital stay, liver function tests, coagulation tests and surgical outcomes were routinely investigated throughout this study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All donors survived the procedure with an overall complication rate of 15.3%. Overall recipient 1-year survival and complication rates were 87.1% and 34.2%, respectively. Among the 70 cases, average graft recipient weight ratio was 0.94% (0.72% - 1.43%) and average graft volume/standard liver volume ratio was 46.42% (31.74% - 71.68%). All residual liver volumes exceeded 35%. Liver function and coagulation recovered rapidly within the first 7 days after transplantation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>AALDLT is a safe procedure for the donors and an effective therapy for patients with end-stage liver disease. Patient selection and timely decision-making for transplantation are essential in achieving good outcomes. With accumulation of experience in surgery and clinical management, timely feedback and proper modification, we foresee better outcomes in the future.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Liver Transplantation , Methods , Living Donors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the complication rate and survival rate of the patients whose graft-recipient weight ratio (GRWR) less than 0.8% following living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>There were 92 consecutive LDLT patients from January 2001 to December 2007 in West China Hospital, Sichuan University. There were 85 males and 7 females aged from 18 to 65 years old (averaged, 42 years old) and among which 89 patients were involved in the study. There were 15 patients whose GRWR less than 0.8% (group 1), while other 74 recipients were in group 2. Comparing the two groups' complication rates and survival rates and finding out the potential influencing factor of small-size-graft recipients' survival rate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rates of group 1 and group 2 were 73.3% (11/15) and 71.6% (53/74), respectively. The grade II-V complication rates of group 1 and group 2 were 46.7% (7/15) and 48.6% (36/74), respectively. There were no difference in survival rates (chi(2) = 0.058, P = 0.811) and complication rates (chi(2) = 0.000, P = 1.000) between the two groups. Ascites volume of group 1 and group 2 were (1532 +/- 322) ml and (1466 +/- 110) ml, respectively (t = 0.234, P = 0.815). The condition of the graft's middle hepatic vein had significant influence on small-size-liver recipients' survival rates (chi(2) = 6.821, P = 0.009).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GRWR < 0.8% is not the limitation of the living donor liver transplantation but the outflow tract of the graft must be unobstructed.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Follow-Up Studies , Graft Survival , Liver Transplantation , Living Donors , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of living donor liver transplantation on the treatment of severe hepatitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>18 patients with severe hepatitis received liver transplantation (transplanted severe hepatitis group), 28 patients with sever hepatitis received non surgical treatment (non-transplanted severe hepatitis group), and 30 patients with end stage liver cirrhosis (without cancer) received liver transplantation (transplanted cirrhosis group). The vital sign, blood coagulation, and renal function were monitored during operation. After liver transplantation, patients received immunosuppressive therapy (including tacrolimus or cyclosporine A, mycophenolate, mofetil and corticosteroids), intensive care, antiviral therapy (including lamivudine and HBIg) and other treatments (including restoration of liver function and prevention of blood coagulation). Pre-operation data, operation procedure, liver function, renal function and the operation complications of three groups were compared, and survival rate at 1, 6 and 12 months after operation was followed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in the operation time, warm ischemia time, hypothermic ischemia time and Graft-to-recipient weight ratio between the two transplantation groups. The blood loss volume and blood transfusion volume in the transplanted severe hepatitis group were higher than that those in the cirrhosis transplantation group (t = 0.001, 0.004). The levels of TBil, ALT and AST at day 7 after operation were (100.5 +/- 96.4)mumol/L, (215.3 +/- 195.7) U/L , (209.8 +/- 188.6) U/L in the transplanted severe hepatitis group, and (53.3 +/- 31.9)mumol/L, (56.3 +/- 22.1) U/L, (51.3 +/- 13.5) U/L in the transplanted cirrhosis group (t = 0.017, 0.021, 0.004). However, there was no significant difference in the levels of Alb and Cr between these two groups (P > 0.05). Survival rate was 88.89%, 83.33% 83.33% in the transplanted severe hepatitis group, and 96.67%, 93.33% 93.33% in the transplanted cirrhosis group at 1, 6 and 12 months after transplantation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Living donor liver transplantation is one of effect ways for the treatment of severe hepatitis.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Follow-Up Studies , Hepatitis B , General Surgery , Immunoglobulins , Therapeutic Uses , Immunosuppressive Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Kidney Function Tests , Lamivudine , Therapeutic Uses , Liver Cirrhosis , General Surgery , Liver Function Tests , Liver Transplantation , Living Donors , Postoperative Complications , Therapeutics , Postoperative Period , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To review the outcomes of living-related liver transplantation (LRLT) in treating 3 cases of cavernous transformation of portal vein (CTPV) with severe portal hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three children (two boys and one girl) were presented to our hospital with recurring esophageal variceal bleeding, decompensating ascites, splenomegaly and refractory anemia. CTPV was confirmed by intravenous computed tomographic portography using a helical computed tomography scanner and 3-dimensional image reconstruction. LRLT were performed in these 3 patients from July 2006 to January 2007. The evaluation of the outcomes was made by referring to their clinical features and laboratory and imaging examination findings.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Although one patient died from early graft thrombosis, the other two patients showed excellent prognoses. They lived and stayed well during a follow-up period of 12-14 months. Following the transplantations, there had been no esophageal variceal hemorrhage, the ascites disappeared and the portal hypertension vanished. Their hemoglobin, blood platelets count, and serum albumin reached normal values.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LRLT is an effective procedure in treating CTPV with severe portal hypertension. The reconstruction of the portal vein is the difficult part of the LRLT procedure.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Hypertension, Portal , Pathology , General Surgery , Liver Transplantation , Living Donors , Parents , Portal Vein , Pathology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To study the active immunity response of liver transplant patients for HBV-related diseases after hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine immunization and to investigate the factors that influence the effectiveness of the vaccination in order to find measures to increase its success.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirteen patients who had liver transplants because of HBV-related end-stage liver diseases received hepatitis B virus immunoglobulin and lamivudine for an average of 38 months (range 27-77 months). They received double intramuscular doses (40 microg) of a recombinant vaccine at months 0, 1, 2 and 6. The anti-HBs titers were tested regularly at months 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven of the 13 patients (53.8%) developed higher serum titers of anti-HBs compared with their titers prior to the vaccinations, 2 patients of the 13 (15.4%) developed an increase by 100 U/L and in 4 patients (30.8%) their base levels were doubled. Those responding patients were followed-up for another 8 months after the fourth vaccination, and only 1 patient among them had a decrease of the anti-HBs titers below the level prior to the vaccination.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hepatitis B vaccine immunization can be used to enhance the active immunity against HBV in patients who had liver transplants for HBV-related diseases.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hepatitis B , Allergy and Immunology , Hepatitis B Vaccines , Therapeutic Uses , Hepatitis B virus , Immunity, Active , Liver Diseases , Allergy and Immunology , Virology , Liver Transplantation , Postoperative PeriodABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the techniques for excision and reconstruction of anomalous portal venous branches (APVB) in adult-to-adult right lobe living donor liver transplantation (A-A RL LDLT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2002 to April 2007, 70 cases of A-A RL LDLT were performed. Preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography of the donor revealed the configurations of hepatic artery, portal vein and hepatic vein. Nine donors had anomalous portal venous branching (APVB). The APVB were type II (trifurcation) in 7 cases and type III in two. Except the excision of APVB with a common opening by a narrow bridge of main portal vein tissue in one type II donor, all the right APVB were transected on the principal of donor priority: right APVB being excised approximately 2-3 mm from the confluence while leaving the donor's portal vein intact. In type II APVB, the donor portal venous branches were transected with separate two openings and reconstructed as double anastomoses in 4 cases, with separate two openings joined as a common orifice at the back table and reconstructed as single anastomoses in 2 cases, and with one common opening with narrow-bridge of tissue and reconstructed as single anastomoses in 1 case. In type III APVB, the APVB were transected with separate two openings and were reconstructed by double anastomoses in 1 case and by a new technique named U-shaped vein graft interposition in the another one.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no vascular complications such as portal vein stricture or thrombosis, hepatic artery stricture or thrombosis and hepatic vein outflow stricture in all 9 recipients transplanted with grafts with APVB. Only the type II APVB donor undergoing a excision of APVB with a common opening by a narrow bridge of main portal vein tissue developed portal vein thrombosis on the third postoperative day and underwent thrombectomy followed by repair with vein patch plasty. The velocity of blood flow in the U-graft was normal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It is feasible and safe of APVB excision on the principal of donor priority and reconstruction including double anastomoses and the novel U-graft interposition in A-A RL LDLT, and has a good outcome without increasing the management difficulty.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Follow-Up Studies , Liver Transplantation , Methods , Living Donors , Portal Vein , Congenital Abnormalities , General Surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the experience of hepatic arterial reconstruction and its management of complications in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (A-A LDLT) using right lobe liver grafts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2002 to July 2006, 50 of A-A LDLT using right lobe liver grafts were performed. All arterial anastomosis were performed to protect the donor hepatic arterial supply, in which donor right hepatic artery was sutured to recipient right hepatic artery in 24 patients, to recipient proper hepatic artery in 12 patients, to recipient left hepatic artery in 3 patients, to recipient common hepatic artery in 2 patients, to recipient aberrant right hepatic artery arising from superior mesenteric artery in 2 patients. Interpositional bypass using autogenous saphenous vein was performed between donor right hepatic artery and recipient common hepatic artery in 2 patients. Bypass was done between donor right hepatic artery and recipient abdominal aorta using autogenous saphenous vein in 2 patients and using stored cadaveric iliac vessels in 2 patients respectively. The diameter of donor right hepatic artery is between 1.5-2.5 mm, microsurgical technique was used under the magnified lobe of 3.5 times and operative microscope of 5-10 times.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In these series, hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) occurred in 2 recipients on 1st and 7th days following A-A LDLT (4%), which were revascularized with autogenous saphenous vein between donor right hepatic artery and recipient abdominal aorta immediately, HAT in 1 recipient occurred one and a half month following A-A LDLT, but no symptom was presented. No hepatic artery stenosis and aneurysm occurred during follow-up period. No death related to hepatic artery complications occurred. All recipients were followed up from 2 to 52 months (mean follow-up 9 months). 1-year survival rate was 92%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Proper anastomotic vessel choose and use of microsurgical technique in hepatic arterial reconstruction would reduce significantly the incidence of hepatic artery complications and provide an excellent graft survival following A-A LDLT.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Follow-Up Studies , Hepatic Artery , General Surgery , Liver Transplantation , Methods , Living Donors , Postoperative Complications , Therapeutics , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a favorable formula of estimation adult standard liver volume (SLV) based on the data of living donors for liver transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2005 to December 2007, 90 Adult-to-Adult living donor liver transplantation were performed. The donors' anthropometric data of gender, year, body weight and body height was collected prospectively. The total liver volume (TLV) of 90 living donors was measured by computed tomography. The correlation between TLV and several factors including body weight index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) were analyzed. Then multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was performed and a new equation predicting SLV to improve approximate TLV was determined. TLV was then compared with the estimation standard liver volume (ESLV) calculated using our formula and published formulas in literature previously.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the subjects had a mean body weight of (62.4 +/- 8.7) kg. The mean total liver volume was (1319.1 +/- 167.0) ml. There were positively correlated between TLV and body weight (BW), which could be expressed in the equation: TLV (ml) = 12.5 x BW (kg) + 536.4 (r(2) = 0.43, P < 0.01). Compared TLV with ELSV, which were calculated using previously published formulas based on the anthropometric data of the 90 subjects, the difference was be statistically significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A new simple formula is established that might be a more suitable to calculate TLV in Chinese adults.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Linear Models , Liver , Diagnostic Imaging , Liver Transplantation , Living Donors , Organ Size , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of overexpression of human tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (hTIMP-1) on proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recombinant adenoviral vector containing hTIMP-1 (AdhTIMP-1) was constructed previously. HepG2 cells were infected by AdhTIMP-1 and the changes of cell proliferation and invasion were detected in vitro. The anticancer activity of AdhTIMP-1 was evaluated in BAL B/c mice bearing HCC. Tumor volume and pulmonary metastases were observed. The mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect in vivo were investigated based on detection of microvessel density and apoptosis in tumor tissues.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The resultant AdhTIMP-1 was successfully constructed and the expression of hTIMP-1 was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. AdTIMP-1 could effectively infect HepG2 cells and significantly inhibit the proliferative activity and invasive ability of the tumor cells. Compared with the controls, pre-infection of HepG2 cells by AdhTIMP-1 resulted in a significant inhibition of tumor formation by 75. 8%. A single local injection of AdhTIMP-1 into pre-established tumors significantly reduced the tumor growth rate by 45.4%, tumor-associated angiogenesis index by 47.8%, lung metastases by 70.4%, and showed a 3-fold increase of apoptotic tumor cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our data indicated that AdhTIMP-1 can significantly attenuate tumor proliferation and invasion, reduce metastasis, inhibit angiogenesis, and induce apoptosis in HCC-bearing mice and may pave the way for further liver cancer gene therapy.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Adenoviridae , Genetics , Apoptosis , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Genetic Vectors , Liver Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Lung Neoplasms , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Nude , Neoplasm Transplantation , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Plasmids , Random Allocation , Recombinant Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 , Genetics , Metabolism , Transfection , Tumor BurdenABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It is difficult and challenging to reconstruct hepatic venous outflow in adult right lobe living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) without the middle hepatic vein (MHV). Excessive perfusion of the portal vein and venous outflow obstruction will lead to acute congestion of the graft, ultimately resulting in primary nonfunction. Although various reconstruction patterns have been explored in many countries, there is currently no clear consensus. In this study we describe a technique to prevent "chocking" of the graft at the outflow anastomosis with the inferior vena cava (IVC) in LDLT using right lobe graft without the MHV.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 55 recipients undergoing LDLT using right lobe grafts without the MHV or reconstruction of hepatic venous outflow. The donor's right hepatic vein (RHV) was anastomosed with a triangular opening of the recipient IVC; the inferior right hepatic vein (IRHV), if large enough, was anastomosed directly to the IVC. The great saphenous vein (GSV) was used for reconstruction of significant MHV tributaries.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No deaths occurred in any of the donors. Of the 55 recipients, complications occurred in 6, including hepatic vein stricture (1 case), small-for-size syndrome (1), hepatic artery thrombosis (1), intestinal bleeding (1), bile leakage (1), left subphrenic abscess and pulmonary infection (1). A total of three patients died, one from small-for-size syndrome and two from multiple system organ failure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The multiple-opening vertical anastomosis was reconstructed with hepatic vein outflow. This technique alleviates surgical risk of living donors, ensures excellent venous drainage, and prevents vascular thromboses and primary nonfunction.</p>