ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the effects of a microbial feed supplement (MFS; Galaxis, Ascus Biosciences Inc.) comprising 2 native rumen microbes on performance parameters in mid-lactation dairy cows. Forty-six lactating primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows [629 ± 62 kg of body weight, mean ± standard deviation (SD); parity 1.64 ± 0.49; 119 ± 38 days in milk; 45.11 ± 3.81 and 52.73 ± 4.77 kg/d of milk yield for primiparous and multiparous, respectively] were enrolled in a study containing 3 experimental periods (P). During all periods, enrolled cows were fed the same base total mixed ration (TMR) ad libitum once daily. During P1 (7 d), baseline data were obtained for covariate analysis. At the beginning of P2 (60 d), cows were assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatment groups in a randomized complete block design to balance for milk yield (MY), parity, and days in milk: (1) a control diet (CON; base TMR; n = 23), or (2) a control diet supplemented with 5 g/d of MFS (MFS; n = 23). Sample size was determined based on previous, unpublished results involving this MFS; a 3-kg difference between groups with a SD of 3.5 kg could be detected with sufficient power (0.81) using a total sample size of 46 cows. Treatment was top-dressed and hand-mixed into the top one-third of the TMR. During P3 (7 d), no treatment was administered, and all cows were fed the base TMR. When analyzing all cows in the data set, MFS had little to no effect on performance. However, modeling revealed that the fixed effect of covariate milk production level had a significant effect on the response of MY and ECM, and further investigation of the data revealed that treatment effectiveness in P2 correlated with milk production during P1. Cows were retrospectively categorized into 2 milk production groups (MPG) balanced for parity: MPG1 (i.e., <53 kg/d of ECM during P1; n = 34) or MPG2 (i.e., ≥53 kg/d of ECM during P1; n = 12). Energy-corrected milk was increased by 4.4% in MFS-administered MPG1 cows compared with CON cows during P2. Although there were no significant effects of MFS on production variables for MPG2 cows, MY tended to be decreased by 3.9% in MFS-administered cows compared with CON cows. Further investigation is needed to understand production level response differences and the effect of supplemented native rumen microbes on animal health and productivity.
ABSTRACT
We explored the relationship between rs1047763, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the C1GALT1 gene, and genetic susceptibility to immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) in Xinjiang Uyghur people. The study comprised 90 patients with IgAN and 90 normal controls recruited from Uyghur people. The distribution of the rs1047763 polymorphism of C1GALT1 in each group was determined by direct sequencing analysis. The gene type, gene frequency, allele type, and allele frequency were calculated by direct counting and the genotype was investigated using the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test. The SPSS17.0 software was used for data processing, and genotype and allele frequencies were compared using the χ2 test. In the IgAN group, the AA, AG, and GG genotype frequencies in the rs1047763 polymorphism of the C1GALT1 gene were 21.10, 47.80, and 31.10%, respectively, while AA, AG, and GG genotype frequencies in the control group were 17.8, 40.0, and 42.2%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The rs1047763 SNP of the C1GALT1 gene probably has no correlation with genetic susceptibility to IgAN in Xinjiang Uyghur people.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Galactosyltransferases/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Glomerulonephritis, IGA/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Adult , Asian People/genetics , China , Female , Gene Frequency , Genetic Loci , Genotype , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
La principal causa de anemia fetal es la isoinmunización Rh por el desarrollo de anticuerpos frente al antí-geno D. La aloinmunización antiKell es una patología poco frecuente aunque puede producir un cuadro de anemia fetal muy grave. Su incidencia relativa ha aumentado en los últimos años debido al mayor número de transfusiones sanguíneas por disminución de la isoinmunización anti-D. Presentamos 26 casos de isoin-munización antiKell controlados en el Hospital La Paz de Madrid, durante los años 2003-2009 y una revisión de la literatura.
The main cause of fetal anemia is red-cell alloimmunization. Kell alloinmunization is a rare disease, although it can produce severe fetal damages. The relative incidence of antiKell isoinmunization has increased last years due to the blood transfusions has grown also, and anti-D aloinmunization has decreased. We report twenty six cases of pregnant women with isoinmunization antikell controlled in La Paz Hospital, Madrid, between 2003-2009 and a review of the literature.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/therapy , Kell Blood-Group System/immunology , Middle Cerebral Artery/physiology , Blood Flow Velocity , Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/diagnosis , Erythroblastosis, Fetal/diagnosis , Erythroblastosis, Fetal/therapy , Perinatal Care , Pregnancy Outcome , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesSubject(s)
Male , Adult , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Ambulatory Care , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Nerve Block/methods , Postoperative Care/methods , Infusion Pumps , Orthopedic Procedures , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures , Analgesia, Patient-Controlled/methods , Pain Measurement/methods , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Home Infusion Therapy , Peripheral Nerves , Foot/surgery , Ankle/surgeryABSTRACT
Se realiz¢ un estudio descriptivo y transversal de todos los pacientes dispensarizados como hipertensos, para identificar algunos aspectos cl¡nicos Epidemiol¢gicos de la hipertensi¢n arterial en los pacientes mayores de 15 a¤os pertenecientes a los consultorios mdicos de la familia del Consejo Popular Santa Mar¡a del Municipio San Luis, en el periodo comprendido de enero a diciembre del 2002. Se encuest¢ y examin¢ a 245 pacientes coincidiendo nuestra muestra con el universo de pacientes hipertensos, para ello revisamos las historias cl¡nicas individuales y familiares. Se estudiaron algunas variables como: edad, sexo, factores de riesgos de enfermedades asociadas, tiempo de evoluci¢n y complicaciones. Los datos fueron tabulados mec nicamente, se expresaron en cuadros proces ndolos estad¡sticamente con el Mtodo Estad¡stico Porcentual. Obtenindose como resultado, que existi¢ un predominio de la poblaci¢n hipertensa en el grupo et reo de 60 a 64 a¤os, as¡ como el sexo femenino. Los factores de riesgos que m s se asociaron fueron el h bito de fumar y la obesidad. La Cardiopat¡a Isqumica y la Diabetes mellitus fueron las enfermedades asociadas m s frecuentes y las principales complicaciones fueron el IMA y la Insuficiencia Cardiaca. Los resultados fueron presentados en tablas y figuras para su mejor comprensi¢n...(au)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Hypertension/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Background: Patients with inactive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and elevated high affinity double-stranded anti-DNA antibodies (anti-dsDNA), measured using Farr technique, would have a risk of relapse that fluctuates between 40 to 80 percent according to different series. Aim: To study the association between anti-dsDNA levels measured using Farr technique and disease activity and their predictive capacity for relapses. Material and methods: Anti-dsDNA antibodies were measured according to Farr method in 60 healthy subjects, 69 patients with other connective tissue diseases and in 120 patients with SLE. Farr positive were considered those individuals with anti-dsDNA levels over 10.4 IU/ml. Disease activity, assessed using MEX-SLEDAI score was related with anti-dsDNA levels in 101 patients. Forty seven patients with inactive disease were followed for 17ñ14 months. Results: Anti-dsDNA levels were 3ñ2.5 IU/ml (range 1-26) in subjects without LED, and 127ñ500 IU/ml (range 1-5280) in patients with LED. Sixty subjects had an active SLE and 43 (72 percent) were Farr positive; in 41 the disease was inactive and 13 (32 percent) were Farr positive (p <0.001), OR 5.45. Twelve of the 47 followed patients had a relapse and 10 (83 percent) were Farr positive. Of those that did not have a relapse, 13 (37 percent) were Farr positive (p< 0.02, RR 5.22). Six of 15 patients that were followed for more than on year (40 percent), were Farr positive. Conclusions: Elevated anti-dsDNA antibodies measured using Farr technique in patients with inactive generalised lupus erythematosus, predicted the risk of relapse. However less than half of patients with inactive disease and elevated Farr relapsed in a period of one year. The need to treat patients with inactive SLE and positive Farr should therefore be considered debatable
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Antinuclear , Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay/methods , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Return of Old Symptoms , Predictive Value of Tests , Mixed Connective Tissue Disease/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapyABSTRACT
A atividade de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase em células in vitro foi determinada através de método espectrofotométrico. Foi estabelecida a densidade populacional adequada e padronizaram-se as condiçöes para extraçäo da enzima e para o desenvolvimento da reaçäo
