ABSTRACT
The reactions of 2,4-dichloro-6-diethylamino-1,3,5-triazine (1) with the secondary amines 2a-g lead to the diamino-1,3,5-triazines 3a-e and the melamines 4a and 4b. The structures of the reaction products were established spectroscopically (IR, 1H-NMR, and MS).
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Triazines/chemical synthesis , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Diethylamines/chemical synthesis , Diethylamines/chemistry , Diethylamines/pharmacology , Triazines/chemistry , Triazines/pharmacologySubject(s)
Abscess/veterinary , Cebidae , Facial Dermatoses/veterinary , Monkey Diseases , Orbital Diseases/veterinary , Saimiri , Abscess/etiology , Animals , Bites and Stings/complications , Bites and Stings/veterinary , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Facial Injuries/complications , Facial Injuries/veterinary , Orbital Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
A catheter-backpack system was developed for repeated blood collection in pigs. Castrated male pigs (n = 12) were maintained in pairs in outdoor pens and later in a slotted-floor confinement finishing house. Blood collection required no restraint and appeared to be stress free. Serum cortisol concentration was unchanged by mode of maintenance. However, diurnal variation of cortisol was more pronounced when pigs were housed. A significant decrease (P less than 0.05) in serum norepinephrine concentration occurred during the housing period.
Subject(s)
Hydrocortisone/blood , Norepinephrine/blood , Stress, Physiological/veterinary , Swine/blood , Animals , Blood Specimen Collection/methods , Blood Specimen Collection/veterinary , Catheterization/instrumentation , Catheterization/methods , Catheterization/veterinary , Housing, Animal , Male , Orchiectomy/veterinary , Stress, Physiological/bloodABSTRACT
Studies of the stress response in swine require repeated blood sampling to determine diurnal variations of measured parameters. Most of these methods require elaborate artificial habitats such as metabolism crates and/or physical restraint for venipuncture. In either case, the aversive nature of the sampling procedure induces activation of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-adrenal cortical axis. The development of a nonaversive procedure for repeated blood sampling of swine is described in this paper. The pigs were unrestrained and maintained in groups in a variety of habitats.
Subject(s)
Blood Specimen Collection/methods , Stress, Physiological/physiopathology , Animal Husbandry , Animals , Behavior, Animal , Blood Specimen Collection/instrumentation , Male , SwineABSTRACT
Glomerular hyperplasia and thickening of the glomerular basement membrane increase with age in humans and animals. This glomerulopathy can be enhanced by hyperglycemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus. When diabetic guinea pigs were examined by fluorescent microscopy, deposits of a substance similar to immunoglobulin G (IgG) were seen. Comparison with nondiabetic age-matched control animals suggest that glomerulopathy is related to aging, and can be further enhanced by hyperglycemia.