ABSTRACT
We investigated the neurological effects of the varied erinacine composition of different mycelia cultures in mice with trimethyltin (TMT)-induced neurodegeneration. Forty male ICR mice were randomly divided into five groups of Sham-veh, TMT-veh, TMT-EME, TMT-EMR and TMT-EME/R. The TMT groups received 2.6 mg/kg one-time intraperitoneal injections of TMT. Oral dosages of 200 mg/kg erinacine combination from each Hericium erinaceus mycelia (EM) cultivated formula (100% eucalyptus wood [E], 100% rubber wood [R], or 40% eucalyptus wood/60% rubber wood [E/R]) were given for two weeks. Spatial learning, memory, flexibility, and anxious behaviour were evaluated alongside brain tissues' oxidative status and histological analyses. Erinacine composition from EME/R exhibited significant positive effects on spatial learning, memory, flexibility, and anxiety (p < 0.05). These findings emerged concurrently with the significant mitigation of hippocampal lipid peroxidation, CA1 hippocampal, cortical neuron, and corpus callosum white matter degeneration (p < 0.05). These neurological benefits were associated with the EME/R composition of erinacine A, C, D, G, H, I, K and R. The best neuroprotective effect against TMT-induced neurodegeneration in mice is offered by the EME/R erinacine composition according to its anti-lipid peroxidation, its nurturing effect on neuronal and white matter, and mitigation of behavioural deficits.
ABSTRACT
In this work a new system nanocarrier consisting of chitosan (CS) and beta-cyclodextrin crosslinked citric acid (pbCD) was prepared. Curcumin (cur), which is well-known for having a wide range of biological properties suitable for the treatment of several diseases, was selected as a model for forming the inclusion complex in pbCD and then encapsulated into CS nanoparticles (CSpbCD-cur). The effects of both the concentration of pbCD-cur and the pH were investigated. The CSpbCD-cur nanoparticles were characterised by SEM, FT-IR, DLS, drug loading and in vitro release. The results showed that the size of CSpbCD nanoparticles were unstable at higher pH values (pH ≥ 6) and pbCD concentrations. Moreover, the loading efficiency of the inclusion complex of curcumin with pbCD (pbCD-cur) entrapped into the CS nanoparticles (CSpbCD-cur), increased when the pbCD-cur concentration was increased. The size and size distritution (PDI) of nanoparticles showed the best at the concentration of pbCD-cur 20 mL/mg (with 1.5 mg/mL of CS) at pH 4. The release profile showed that CSpbCD-cur had a slower release than free curcumin resulting in that the cytotoxicity of CSpbCD-cur was less than that of pbCD-cur, and free curcumin, respectively.
