Perspectives on donor-derived infections from the Notify Library.

It is impossible to eliminate the potential for transmission of donor-derived infections (DDI) when using medical products of human origin (MPHO). However, a thoughtful and systematic approach to donor evaluation can mitigate the risk. Prevention is a key issue, and physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion and remain vigilant in evaluating MPHO donors or recipients, as well as stay current on emerging infections. Biovigilance is the systematic monitoring of serious adverse reactions and events (SARE) that ensures the quality and safety of MPHO in transplantation. The Notify Library with its 2808 references is an available didactic tool that could support physicians in donor or recipient evaluation, inform biovigilance activity, and benefit the international scientific community. It provides free access to a large collection of many different types of SARE, identified mainly through the review of published articles and case reports from national or regional surveillance programs. The Notify Library includes many well-documented records of SARE in the field of DDI, representing a useful tool for assessing SARE associated with transplantation. It is continuously updated with new records, especially when a new type of incident is first reported. All types of described incidents may have educational value while guiding detection, investigation, or risk management. Sharing the lessons learned from these incidents represents an important educational opportunity that can help improve organ donation processes and achieve higher standards of quality and safety.

The value of organ and tissue biovigilance: a cross-sectional analysis.

Introduction: Biovigilance (BV) systems aim to improve the quality and safety of tissues and organs for transplantation. This study describes the Catalan BV system and analyzes its utility. Methods: It is a retrospective analysis of notifications on serious adverse events (SAEs) and reactions (SARs) since the implementation of the BV system (2008 for tissues and 2016 for organs) until 2020. Variables are presented to describe the most common critical steps of the pathway and complications associated with the quality and safety of tissues and organs. Results: A total of 154 and 125 notifications were reported to the Tissue and the Organ BV systems, respectively. Most SAEs were related to unexpected donor diseases and implemented actions were assured on those deemed preventable. Regarding SARs, donor-transmitted infections and malignancies (only organs) were the most common, followed by graft failure (tissues) and process-related (organs). The incidence of SAEs and SARs related to tissue was 3.44‰ and 0.22‰, respectively. The corresponding figures for organs were 31.48‰ and 8.8‰, respectively. Discussion: The analysis of the notifications to the Catalan BV systems has provided useful information about existing risks associated with the quality and safety of tissues and organs, and enabled the implementation of actions targeted to diminish risks and mitigate damage.

Tobramycin Systemic Absorption in Lung Transplant Recipients Treated With Inhaled Tobramycin: A Cohort Study.

Inhaled tobramycin treatment has been associated with nephrotoxicity in some case reports, but limited data are available about serum levels and its possible systemic absorption in lung transplant recipients (LTR). We conducted a single-center, observational and retrospective study of all adult (>18 years old) LTR treated with inhaled tobramycin for at least 3 days between June 2019 and February 2022. Trough serum levels were collected and >2 µg/mL was considered a high drug level. The primary outcome assessed the presence of detectable trough levels, while the secondary outcome focused on the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in individuals with detectable trough levels. Thirty-four patients, with a median age of 60 years, were enrolled. The primary indications for treatment were donor bronchial aspirate bacterial isolation (18 patients) and tracheobronchitis (15 patients). In total, 28 patients (82%) exhibited detectable serum levels, with 9 (26%) presenting high levels (>2 µg/mL). Furthermore, 9 patients (26%) developed acute kidney injury during the treatment course. Median trough tobramycin levels were significantly elevated in invasively mechanically ventilated patients compared to non-ventilated individuals (2.5 µg/mL vs. 0.48 µg/mL) (p < 0.001). Inhaled tobramycin administration in LTRs, particularly in those requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, may result in substantial systemic absorption.

Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections after liver transplantation: Prevalence, impact, and risk factors.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) are an increasing healthcare problem worldwide. This study analyzes the incidence, burden, and risk factors associated with MDRB infections after liver transplant(ation) (LT). METHODS: This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included adult patients who underwent LT between January 2017 and January 2020. Risk factors related to pre-LT disease, surgical procedure, and postoperative stay were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of MDRB infections within the first 90 days after LT. RESULTS: We included 1,045 LT procedures (960 patients) performed at nine centers across Spain. The mean age of our cohort was 56.8 ± 9.3 years; 75.4% (n = 782) were male. Alcohol-related liver disease was the most prevalent underlying etiology (43.2.%, n = 451). Bacterial infections occurred in 432 patients (41.3%) who presented with a total of 679 episodes of infection (respiratory infections, 19.3%; urinary tract infections, 18.5%; bacteremia, 13.2% and cholangitis 11%, among others). MDRB were isolated in 227 LT cases (21.7%) (348 episodes). Enterococcus faecium (22.1%), Escherichia coli (18.4%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.2%) were the most frequently isolated microorganisms. In multivariate analysis, previous intensive care unit admission (0-3 months before LT), previous MDRB infections (0-3 months before LT), and an increasing number of packed red blood cell units transfused during surgery were identified as independent predictors of MDRB infections. Mortality at 30, 90, 180, and 365 days was significantly higher in patients with MDRB isolates. CONCLUSION: MDRB infections are highly prevalent after LT and have a significant impact on prognosis. Enterococcus faecium is the most frequently isolated multi-resistant microorganism. New pharmacological and surveillance strategies aimed at preventing MDRB infections after LT should be considered for patients with risk factors. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections have a deep impact on morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation. Strategies aimed at improving prophylaxis, early identification, and empirical treatment are paramount. Our study unveiled the prevalence and main risk factors associated with these infections, and demonstrated that gram-positive bacteria, particularly Enterococcus faecium, are frequent in this clinical scenario. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of prophylactic and empirical antibiotic treatment protocols after liver transplantation.

Impact of viral detection in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: An observational cohort study / Impacto de la detección viral en pacientes con neumonía comunitaria: estudio de cohortes observacional

Purpose The presence of a respiratory virus in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) may have an impact on the bacterial etiology and clinical presentation. In this study we aimed to assess the role of viral infection in the bacterial etiology and outcomes of patients with CAP. Methods We performed a retrospective study of all adults hospitalized with CAP between November 2017 and October 2018. Patients were classified according to the presence of viral infection. An unvaried and a multivaried analysis were performed to identify variables associated with viral infection and clinical outcomes. Results Overall 590 patients were included. A microorganism was documented in 375 cases (63.5%). A viral infection was demonstrated in 118 (20%). The main pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (35.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.9%) and influenza virus (10.8%). A trend to a higher rate of S. aureus (p = 0.06) in patients with viral infection was observed. Patients with viral infection had more often bilateral consolidation patterns (17.8% vs 10.8%, p = 0.04), respiratory failure (59.3% vs 42.8%, p = 0.001), ICU admission (17.8% vs 7%, p = 0.001) and invasive mechanical ventilation (9.3% vs 2.8%, p = 0.003). Risk factors for respiratory failure were chronic lung disease, age >65 years, positive blood cultures and viral infection. Influenza, virus but no other respiratory viruses, was associated with respiratory failure (OR, 3.72; 95% CI, 2.06–6.73). Conclusions Our study reinforces the idea that co-viral infection has an impact in the clinical presentation of CAP causing a more severe clinical picture. This impact seems to be mainly due to influenza virus infection (AU)

Objetivos La presencia de virus respiratorios en pacientes con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) puede tener un impacto en la etiología bacteriana y en la presentación clínica. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el papel de la infección viral en la etiología bacteriana y la evolución de los pacientes con NAC. Métodos Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de todos los adultos hospitalizados con diagnóstico de NAC entre noviembre de 2017 y octubre de 2018. Los pacientes fueron clasificados según la presencia de infección viral. Se realizó un análisis univariado y multivariado para identificar variables asociadas con la infección viral y la evolución clínica. Resultados En total se incluyeron 590 pacientes. Se documentó el microorganismo en 375 casos (63,5%). Se demostró una infección viral en 118 (20%). Los principales patógenos fueron S. pneumoniae (35,8%), S. aureus (2,9%) y virus de la influenza (10,8%). Se observó una tendencia a una mayor tasa de S. aureus (p = 0,06) en pacientes con infección viral. Los pacientes con infección viral tenían con mayor frecuencia patrones de consolidación bilateral (17,8% vs 10,8%; p = 0,04), insuficiencia respiratoria (59,3% vs 42,8%; p = 0,001), ingreso en UCI (17,8% vs 7%; p = 0,001) y necesidad de ventilación mecánica invasiva (9,3% vs 2,8%; p = 0,003). Los factores de riesgo para insuficiencia respiratoria fueron enfermedad pulmonar crónica, edad >65 años, hemocultivos positivos e infección viral. El virus de la influenza, pero ningún otro virus respiratorio, se asoció con insuficiencia respiratoria (OR: 3,72; IC 95%: 2,06-6,73). Conclusiones Nuestro estudio refuerza la idea de que la infección viral tiene un impacto en la presentación clínica de la NAC provocando un cuadro clínico más grave. Este impacto parece deberse principalmente a la infección por el virus de la influenza (AU)

Executive summary of the Consensus Statement of the Transplant Infection Study Group (GESITRA) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) and the National Transplant Organization (ONT) on the Selection Criteria of Donors of Solid Organs in relation to Infectious Diseases / Resumen ejecutivo de la Declaración de consenso del Grupo de Estudio de la Infección en el Trasplante (GESITRA) de la Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC) y la Organización Nacional de Trasplantes (ONT) sobre los criterios de selección de donantes de órganos sólidos en relación con las enfermedades infecciosas

The immunosuppressive treatment that recipients receive from a solid organ transplantation hinders the defensive response to infection. Its transmission from the donor can cause dysfunction or loss of the graft and even death of the recipient if proper preventive measures are not established. This potential risk should be thoroughly evaluated to minimise the risk of infection transmission from donor to recipient, especially with organ transplantation from donors with infections, without increasing graft dysfunction and morbidity and mortality in the recipient. This document aims to review current knowledge about infection screening in potential donors and offer clinical and microbiological recommendations about the use of organs from donors with infection based on available scientific evidence

El tratamiento inmunosupresor que recibe el receptor de un trasplante de órgano sólido dificulta la respuesta defensiva frente a la infección. La transmisión de la misma desde un donante puede provocar la disfunción o pérdida del injerto e, incluso, la muerte del receptor si no se establecen las medidas preventivas oportunas. Este riesgo potencial debe ser evaluado minuciosamente para minimizar el riesgo de transmisión de infección del donante al receptor, especialmente con el trasplante de órganos de donantes con infecciones, sin aumentar la disfunción del injerto y la morbimortalidad en el receptor. Este documento pretende revisar los conocimientos actuales sobre la detección sistemática de infecciones en los donantes potenciales y ofrecer recomendaciones clínicas y microbiológicas acerca del uso de órganos procedentes de donantes con infección basadas en la evidencia científica disponible

Infección cutánea en un receptor de trasplante renal / Skin infection in a renal transplant recipient

No disponible

Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir in Mono-and HIV-coinfected Patients with Recurrent Hepatitis C After Liver Transplant

Abstract: Background and aims. Pegylated interferon (Peg-INF) and ribavirin (RBV) based therapy is suboptimal and poorly tolerated. We evaluated the safety, tolerability and efficacy of a 24-week course of sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir without ribavirin for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) in both HCV-monoinfected and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-HCV coinfected patients. Material and methods. We retrospectively evaluated 22 consecutive adult LT recipients (16 monoinfected and 6 coinfected with HIV) who received a 24-week course of sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir treatment under an international compassionate access program. Results. Most patients were male (86%), with a median age of 58 years (r:58-81y). Median time from LT to treatment onset was 70 months (r: 20-116 m). HCV genotype 1b was the most frequent (45%), 55% had not responded to previous treatment with Peg-INF and RBV and 14% to regiments including first generation protease inhibitors. Fifty-six percent of the patients had histologically proven cirrhosis and 6 had ascites at baseline. All patients completed the 24-week treatment course without significant side effects except for one episode of severe bradicardya, with only minor adjustments in immunosuppressive treatment in some cases. Viral suppression was very rapid with undetectable HCV-RNA in all patients at 12 weeks. All 22 patients achieved a sustained virological response 12 weeks after treatment completion. Conclusion. The combination of sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir without ribavirin is a safe and effective treatment of HCV recurrence after LT in both monoinfected and HIV-coinfected patients, including those with decompensated cirrhosis.

Infección fúngica invasora en el trasplante de órgano sólido / Invasive fungal infection in solid organ transplant

La infección fúngica invasora (IFI) constituye una amenaza para el paciente trasplantado de órgano sólido (TOS), con una incidencia nada despreciable y una importante mortalidad. El manejo de esta patología en el paciente TOS conlleva una serie de recomendaciones específicas e individualizadas al tipo de trasplante y de paciente. La actual revisión es un resumen sobre epidemiología, diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención de la IFI en el TOS. En función de los factores de riesgo de las diferentes IFI y según el tipo de trasplante, este trabajo recoge las principales recomendaciones, tanto publicadas como basadas en la opinión de sus autores, sobre profilaxis y tratamiento de estos pacientes, atendiendo a los cambios epidemiológicos de los últimos años y a la aparición de nuevos antifúngicos. Este documento se ha focalizado principalmente en Candidaspp. y Aspergillusspp., haciendo también mención especial al resto de hongos levaduriformes y filamentosos frecuentes en TOS (AU)

Invasive fungal infections (IFI) represent a serious threat for patients undergoing solid organ transplantation (SOT). IFI in SOT has a significant incidence and mortality not due to negligence. The management of IFI in SOT involves specific recommendations and has been individualized to the type of transplant and patient. The current review presents an overview of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of IFI in TOS. Depending on risk factors for different IFIs and transplant type, this paper includes the main recommendations based on previous publications and on the opinion of the authors on the prophylaxis and treatment of these patients. These recommendations highlight epidemiology changes and the (..) (AU)

Evaluating the risk of transmission of infection from donor to recipient of a solid organ transplantation

In the context of solid organ transplantation, screening of potential organ donors is crucial, and should be performed with great rigor to minimize the risk of transmission of certain infectious processes. This review aims to update understanding of the possible pathologies involved, as well as of emerging infections that, as a result of globalization, are gaining increasing prominence on a daily basis (AU)

En el contexto del trasplante de órgano sólido, la evaluación previa del donante representa una actuación muy importante que se debe efectuar con sumo rigor, para minimizar al máximo el riesgo de transmisión de ciertos procesos infecciosos. Esta revisión pretende actualizar los conocimientos sobre las posibles patologías implicadas así como el conjunto de infecciones emergentes que, como consecuencia de la globalización, adquieren día a día un creciente protagonismo (AU)

Daptomicina en las infecciones por bacterias grampositivas en pacientes oncohematológicos y en receptores de trasplante / Daptomycin in Gram-positive bacterial infections in oncohematological patients and transplant recipients

Las infecciones por bacterias grampositivas son una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad en los pacientes oncohematológicos y en los receptores de trasplante. Los estafilococos coagulasa negativa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp. y los estreptococos del grupo viridans son los organismos grampositivos aislados con mayor frecuencia. La resistencia antibiótica en estos organismos es un problema en aumento y supone un reto terapéutico. Daptomicina es un antibiótico con una rápida actividad bactericida, de amplio espectro frente a bacterias grampositivas, incluidas las cepas resistentes a otros fármacos. En este artículo se revisan algunos aspectos de las infecciones por organismos grampositivos en estos pacientes inmunodeprimidos y se analiza con detalle la experiencia con daptomicina en el tratamiento de tales infecciones (AU)

Gram-positive infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in oncohematological patients and transplant recipients. The most frequently isolated Gram-positive organisms are the coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp., and viridans group streptococci. Antibiotic resistance in these organisms is increasing and poses a challenge to clinicians. Daptomycin is rapidly bactericidal against a broad spectrum of gram-positive bacteria, including strains resistant to other drugs. The present article reviews some aspects of Gram-positive infections in these immunocompromised patients and provides a detailed analysis of experience with daptomycin in the treatment of these infections (AU)

Esquemas de prevención de la infección por citomegalovirus: terapia anticipada frente a profilaxis universal / Prevention of cytomegalovirus infection: preemptive therapy versus universal prophylaxis

A pesar de los avances en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección por citomegalovirus (CMV), ésta sigue siendo una importante causa de morbilidad en el receptor de trasplante de órgano sólido (TOS). Las 2 principales estrategias para la prevención de la enfermedad por CMV son la profilaxis universal y el tratamiento anticipado. Ambas estrategias, comparadas con placebo, son eficaces en la prevención de la enfermedad por CMV en los receptores de TOS, según varios metaanálisis, y cada una de ellas presenta ventajas e inconvenientes. No obstante hay pocos estudios que hayan comparado ambas aproximaciones a la prevención de la enfermedad por CMV en el receptor de TOS. En este artículo se realiza una revisión de las indicaciones de cada una de estas estrategias y de los principales estudios donde se fundamentan (AU)

Despite the advances made in the diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, this pathogen continues to cause substantial morbidity in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. The two main strategies for the prevention of CMV disease are universal prophylaxis and preemptive therapy. Several meta-analyses have found that both strategies are effective in the prevention of CMV disease in SOT recipients compared with placebo, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Nevertheless, few studies have compared the two approaches to CMV disease in SOT recipients. The present article provides a review of the indications of each of these strategies and the main studies on which they are based (AU)

Prevención de la enfermedad por citomegalovirus en el trasplante de pulmón / Prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in lung transplantation

Los receptores de un trasplante de pulmón tienen un riesgo incrementado de infección o enfermedad por citomegalovirus (CMV). Al prevenir este acontecimiento podemos evitar los efectos indirectos relacionados, como son las infecciones fúngicas invasivas y la bronquiolitis obliterante, siendo esta última uno de los factores limitantes de la supervivencia de los pacientes. Las estrategias de prevención han conllevado una importante disminución en la incidencia de la enfermedad por CMV y de su mortalidad relacionada. Las dos principales estrategias para la prevención de la enfermedad por CMV son la profilaxis universal y la terapia anticipada. En el trasplante pulmonar, la eficacia y seguridad del tratamiento anticipado no ha sido bien estudiada, por lo que no se recomienda su uso. La profilaxis universal constituye la mejor estrategia para la prevención de la enfermedad por CMV en los receptores de trasplante de pulmón. No hay un consenso en la comunidad científica acerca de la duración de la profilaxis, pero las guías 2011 de GESITRASEIMC/ REIPI 2011 sobre prevención y tratamiento de la infección por CMV en pacientes trasplantados de órgano sólido recomiendan prolongar 6 meses postrasplante con valganciclovir, excepto en los casos de D+/R–, que es hasta el año si existen dificultades de monitorización. El futuro de la prevención de la enfermedad por CMV debería pasar por las estrategias “inmunoguiadas” (AU)

Lung transplant recipients, more than other organ transplant recipients, are at particular risk for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease. CMV prevention avoids the indirect effects of this virus, such as opportunistic fungal infections and obliterative bronchiolitis, the latter being the major limiting factor in the long-term success of lung-transplantation. CMV prevention strategies have significantly reduced CMV disease and CMV-related mortality. Two major strategies are commonly used for CMV prevention: universal prophylaxis and preemptive therapy. In lung transplant recipients, the efficacy and safety of preemptive treatment have not been studied and therefore, cannot be recommended. Universal prophylaxis is the best strategy for preventing CMV disease in lung transplant recipients. There is no consensus on the optimal duration of prophylaxis, but the recently published GESITRA-SEIMC/REIPI 2011 Guidelines for the management of CMV infection in solid-organ transplant patients recommend 6 months posttransplantation. In D+/R− recipients, this period can be prolonged to 12 months if there are difficulties in monitoring at 6 months posttransplantation. The future of prevention will probably depend on immunoguided strategies (AU)

Recomendaciones GESITRA-SEIMC/REIPI para el manejo de la infección por citomegalovirus en pacientes trasplantados de órgano sólido / GESITRA-SEIMC/REIPI recommendations for the management of cytomegalovirus infection in solid-organ transplant patients

La infección por citomegalovirus (CMV) constituye una complicación importante en los pacientes sometidos a trasplante de órgano sólido (TOS). En el año 2005 el Grupo de Estudio de Infección en el Trasplante (GESITRA) de la Sociedad Española de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas (SEIMC) elaboró un documento de consenso para la profilaxis y el tratamiento de la infección por CMV en pacientes sometidos a TOS. Desde entonces han sido numerosas las publicaciones que o bien han aclarado, o bien han planteado nuevas dudas respecto a los aspectos tratados en el anterior documento. Entre estos aspectos se encuentran las situaciones y poblaciones que deben recibir profilaxis y su duración, la elección de la mejor técnica para el diagnóstico y monitorización y la elección de la mejor estrategia terapéutica. Todo ello justifica la necesidad de elaborar un nuevo documento de consenso que incluya las últimas recomendaciones en el manejo de la infección por CMV post-trasplante en base a las nuevas evidencias disponibles (AU)

Abstract Cytomegalovirus infection remains a major complication of solid organ transplantation. In 2005 the Spanish Transplantation Infection Study Group (GESITRA) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) developed consensus guidelines for the prevention and treatment of CMV infection in solid organ transplant recipients. Since then, numerous publications have clarified or questioned the aspects covered in the previous document. These aspects include the situations and populations who must receive prophylaxis and its duration, the selection of the best diagnosis and monitoring technique and the best therapeutic strategy. For these reasons, we have developed new consensus guidelines to include the latest recommendations on post-transplant CMV management based on new evidence available (AU)

Recomendaciones sobre la prevención de la infección fúngica invasora por hongos filamentosos de la Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC) / Recommendations of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) on the prevention of invasive fungal infection due to filamentous fungi

Las infecciones fúngicas invasoras (IFI) por hongos filamentosos siguen teniendo cifras de mortalidad elevadas como consecuencia de las dificultades para diagnosticarlas precozmente y de las limitaciones terapéuticas. Por ello, una de las estrategias más adecuada es evitar que los enfermos con factores de riesgo contacten con las conidias de Aspergillus y de otras especies de hongos filamentosos. Este documento describe las recomendaciones sobre la prevención de la infección fúngica invasora por hongos filamentosos realizadas por un grupo de expertos españoles pertenecientes a diferentes especialidades médicas y profesionales. El texto revisa la incidencia de infección fúngica invasora en distintos grupos de población e incluye la discusión de cuestiones relacionadas con medidas ambientales de prevención, medidas de control de la infección nosocomial, medidas especiales y adicionales de prevención, medidas de prevención fuera del hospital y la profilaxis farmacológica (AU)

Invasive fungal infections (IFI) due to filamentous fungi still have high rates of mortality associated with the difficulties of early detection of the infection and their therapeutic limitations. Consequently, a useful approach is to prevent patients at risk of fungal infection from getting in contact with conidia of Aspergillus and other mould species. This document describes the recommendations to prevent IFI due to filamentous fungi, prepared by Spanish experts from different medical and professional fields. The paper reviews the incidence of the IFI in different risk populations and the questions related to environmental measures of prevention, control of hospital infections, additional procedures for prevention, prevention of IFI outside hospitals, as well as antifungal prophylaxis (AU)

Infecciones transmitidas por el donante / Donor-transmitted infections

El tratamiento inmunosupresor que recibe el receptor de un trasplante de órgano sólido dificulta la respuesta defensiva frente a la infección. La transmisión de la misma desde un donante puede provocar la disfunción o pérdida del injerto e, incluso, la muerte del receptor si no se establecen las medidas preventivas oportunas. Este riesgo potencial debe ser evaluado minuciosamente con la intención de optimizar el uso de órganos, especialmente en aquellos casos procedentes de donantes infectados, sin aumentar la disfunción del injerto y la morbimortalidad en el receptor. Este artículo pretende revisar los conocimientos actuales sobre el cribado de las infecciones en los donantes potenciales y discutir la relación riesgo-beneficio para usar órganos de donantes infectados (AU)

The defence response to infectious agents is compromised in solid organ recipients because of their immunosuppressive treatment. Transmission of infection from a donor organ can result in dysfunction or loss of the allograft, and may lead to death of the recipient if adequate preventive measures are not taken. This potential risk should be thoroughly assessed, particularly in the case of organs from infected donors, in order to optimize organ use without increasing the incidence of graft dysfunction and recipient morbidity and mortality. This article reviews the current knowledge regarding screening for infection in potential donors and discusses risk-benefit considerations related to the use of organs from infected donors (AU)