Sulfur doping-induced morphological and electronic structure modification of polyoxometalate FeWO4 for enhanced removal of organic pollutants from water.

Wolframite (FeWO4), a typical polyoxometalate, serves as an auspicious candidate for heterogeneous catalysts, courtesy of its high chemical stability and electronic properties. However, the electron-deficient surface-active Fe species in FeWO4 are insufficient to cleave H2O2 via Fe redox-mediated Fenton-like catalytic reaction. Herein, we doped Sulfur (S) atom into FeWO4 catalysts to refine the electronic structure of FeWO4 for H2O2 activation and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation. Furthermore, spin-state reconstruction on S-doped FeWO4 was found to effectively refine the electronic structure of Fe in the d orbital, thereby enhancing H2O2 activation. S doping also accelerated electron transfer during the conversion of sulfur species, promoting the cycling of Fe(III) to Fe(II). Consequently, S-doped FeWO4 bolstered the Fenton-like reaction by nearly two orders of magnitude compared to FeWO4. Significantly, the developed S-doped FeWO4 exhibited a remarkable removal efficiency of approximately 100% for SMX within 40 min in real water samples. This underscores its extensive pH adaptability, robust catalytic stability, and leaching resistance. The matrix effects of water constituents on the performance of S-doped FeWO4 were also investigated, and the results showed that a certain amount of Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, HCO3- and PO43- exhibited negligible effects on the degradation of SMX. Theoretical calculations corroborate that the distinctive spin-state reconstruction of Fe center in S-doped FeWO4 is advantageous for H2O2 decomposition. This discovery offers novel mechanistic insight into the enhanced catalytic activity of S doping in Fenton-like reactions and paves the way for expanding the application of FeWO4 in wastewater treatment.

Age-related changes in behavior profile in male offspring of rats treated with poly I:C-induced maternal immune activation in early gestation.

BACKGROUND: Autism and schizophrenia are environmental risk factors associated with prenatal viral infection during pregnancy. It is still unclear whether behavior phenotypes change at different developmental stages in offspring following the activation of the maternal immune system. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats received a single caudal vein injection of 10 mg/kg polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) on gestational day 9 and the offspring were comprehensively tested for behaviors in adolescence and adulthood. RESULTS: Maternal serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-α were elevated in poly I:C-treated dams. The offspring of maternal poly I:C-induced rats showed increased anxiety, impaired social approach, and progressive impaired cognitive and sensorimotor gating function. CONCLUSION: Maternal immune activation led to developmental specificity behavioral impairment in offspring.

Interfacial Engineering of MoS2@CoS2 Heterostructure Electrocatalysts for Effective pH-Universal Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

The practical utilization of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) necessitates the creation of electrocatalysts that are both efficient and abundant in earth elements, capable of operating effectively within a wide pH range. However, this objective continues to present itself as an arduous obstacle. In this research, we propose the incorporation of sulfur vacancies in a novel heterojunction formed by MoS2@CoS2, designed to exhibit remarkable catalytic performances. This efficacy is attributed to the advantageous combination of the low work function and space charge zone at the interface between MoS2 and CoS2 in the heterojunction. The MoS2@CoS2 heterojunction manifests outstanding hydrogen evolution activity over an extensive pH range. Remarkably, achieving a current density of 10 mA cm-2 in aqueous solutions 1.0 M KOH, 0.5 M H2SO4, and 1.0 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), respectively, requires only an overpotential of 48, 62, and 164 mV. The Tafel slopes for each case are 43, 32, and 62 mV dec-1, respectively. In this study, the synergistic effect of MoS2 and CoS2 is conducive to electron transfer, making the MoS2@CoS2 heterojunction show excellent electrocatalytic performance. The synergistic effects arising from the heterojunction and sulfur vacancy not only contribute to the observed catalytic prowess but also provide a valuable model and reference for the exploration of other efficient electrocatalysts. This research marks a significant stride toward overcoming the challenges associated with developing electrocatalysts for practical hydrogen evolution applications.

Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing Versus Plate Internal Fixation for Pediatric Diaphyseal Femur Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) and plates are currently the main internal fixation for treating Pediatric Diaphyseal Femur Fractures (PDFF), and the optimal choice of internal fixation is controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare the surgical outcomes and complications of the two fixation methods. Materials and Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies published up to March, 2023, that compared ESIN and plate fixation techniques for treating PDFF. Pooled analysis identified differences in surgical outcomes between ESIN and plate, mainly regarding surgical outcomes and postoperative complications, such as time at surgery, fracture healing time, blood loss and related complications. Results: We included 10 studies with 775 patients with PDFF in our review. Of these, 428 and 347 were treated with ESIN and Plate, respectively. In terms of postoperative complications, ESIN led to a shorter surgery time [MD = - 28.93, 95% CI (- 52.88 to - 4.98), P < 0.05], less blood loss [MD = - 66.94, 95% CI (- 87.79 to - 46.10), P < 0.001] and more fracture healing time [MD = 2.65, 95% CI (1.22-4.07), P < 0.001]. In terms of postoperative complications, ESIN led to fewer fections (RR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.37, 1.60, P = 0.48), fewer angulation deformities (RR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.35, 1.83, P = 0.60) and more prominent implants (RR = 3.36, 95% CI 1.88, 6.01, P < 0.001), more delayed unions (RR = 4.06, 95% CI 0.71, 23.06, P = 0.11). Conclusions: ESIN and Plate have similar rates of complications besides a prominent implant rate, while ESIN has a shorter period of operation and less intraoperative bleeding. Although both options are suitable, the results of this study support the use of ESIN rather than plates in the treatment of PDFF in terms of complication rates. In clinical applications, surgeons should choose the appropriate treatment method according to the actual situation.

Leisure-time physical activity is associated with depressive symptoms in cancer patients: Data from the NHANES 2007-2018.

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients have a higher risk of depression and are associated with severe adverse prognosis. The relationship between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and depressive symptoms in cancer patients is currently unclear. Therefore, our study mainly explores the potential association between LTPA and the weekly cumulative time of LTPA with depressive symptoms in cancer patients. METHODS: We included and analyzed 3368 cancer patients (aged >20 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of the United States from 1999 to 2018. The LTPA score was evaluated through a self-report questionnaire, while depressive symptoms were evaluated through the Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between LTPA duration and the occurrence of cancer-related depressiive symptoms. Linear correlation was studied using the restricted cubic spline method. RESULTS: According to a fully adjusted multivariate logistic regression model with confounding variables, the odds ratio (OR) between LTPA and depressive symptoms in cancer patients in this study was 0.59 (95 % confidence interval = 0.39, 0.92; P = 0.02). When the LTPA level was ≥300 min/week, the incidence of depressive symptoms was reduced by 59 % (OR = 0.41, 95 % CI = 0.21, 0.83). In addition, the cubic spline method was used to obtain a linear negative correlation between LTPA duration and tumor depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: LTPA was negatively correlated with cancer-related depressive symptoms, and the cumulative time of LTPA/week was linearly correlated with depressive symptoms. The slope of the benefit curve changed significantly when the cumulative time of LTPA reached 600 min per week, suggesting that appropriately increasing LTPA had significant benefits on mental health of cancer patients.

A model with multiple intracranial aneurysms: possible hemodynamic mechanisms of aneurysmal initiation, rupture and recurrence.

BACKGROUND: Hemodynamic factors play an important role in aneurysm initiation, growth, rupture, and recurrence, while the mechanism of the hemodynamic characteristics is still controversial. A unique model of multiple aneurysms (initiation, growth, rupture, and recurrence) is helpful to avoids the confounders and further explore the possible hemodynamic mechanisms of aneurysm in different states. METHODS: We present a model with multiple aneurysms, and including the states of initiation, growth, rupture, and recurrence, discuss the proposed mechanisms, and describe computational fluid dynamic model that was used to evaluate the likely hemodynamic effect of different states of the aneurysms. RESULTS: The hemodynamic analysis suggests that high flow impingement and high WSS distribution at normal parent artery was found before aneurysmal initiation. The WSS distribution and flow velocity were decreased in the new sac after aneurysmal growth. Low WSS was the risk hemodynamic factor for aneurysmal rupture. High flow concentration region on the neck plane after coil embolization still marked in recanalized aneurysm. CONCLUSIONS: Associations have been identified between high flow impingement and aneurysm recanalization, while low WSS is linked to the rupture of aneurysms. High flow concentration and high WSS distribution at normal artery associated with aneurysm initiation and growth, while after growth, the high-risk hemodynamics of aneurysm rupture was occurred, which is low WSS at aneurysm dome.

Effect of electrospun poly (L-lactide-co-caprolactone) and formulated porcine fibrinogen for diabetic foot ulcers.

Diabetic foot ulcers were a significant complication of diabetes and were accompanied by delayed wound healing. To compare the effect of topical application electrospun poly (L-lactide-co-caprolactone) and formulated porcine fibrinogen (PLCL/Fg) dressing with alginate dressing when treating diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). A single-center, prospective, randomized, patient-blinded clinical trial was conducted from July 1, 2023, to December 26, 2023. The clinical trial registration was completed on August 28, 2023 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06014437). The eligible patients with DFUs of 1-20 cm2 present for at least 1 month and with Wagner grade 1 or 2. They were randomized 1:1 to receive PLCL/Fg or alginate dressing. Participants received PLCL/Fg dressing 1-3 times per week or alginate dressing 3 times per week for 12 weeks. A total of 52 patients (33 men [63.5 %]; mean [SD] age, 63.1 [11.9] years; mean [SD] diabetes time, 8.3 [4.6] years) with DFUs were assessed for this study. The DFUs classified as Wagner grade 1 or 2 (mean [SD] ulcer area, 3.8 [3.2] cm2) were randomized to receive either the PLCL/Fg dressing (n = 26) or the alginate dressing (n = 26) for as long as 12 weeks. In this study, the incidence of complete healing included 22 patients (91.7 %) in the PLCL/Fg group and 14 (63.6 %) in the alginate group during the 12-week treatment period (P = 0.003). The treatment-related adverse events that occurred were 5 (20.8 %) in the PLCL/Fg group and 4 (18.1 %) in the comparator group. In this randomized clinical trial, PLCL/Fg dressing showed beneficial effects in DFUs treatment of wound surface reduction and regulating the wound microenvironment.

Dimethyl fumarate treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a study protocol for a double-blind randomised controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a common cerebrovascular disease. Considering the risks and benefits of surgery, a significant proportion of patients with unruptured IA (UIA) choose conservative observation. Previous studies suggest that inflammation of aneurysm wall is a high-risk factor of rupture. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and other pathways. Animal experiments found DMF reduces the formation and rupture of IAs. In this study, DMF will be evaluated for its ability to reduce inflammation of the aneurysm wall in high-resolution vessel wall imaging. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a multi-centre, randomised, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Three hospitals will enrol a total of 60 patients who have UIA with enhanced wall. Participants will be assigned randomly in a 1:1 proportion, taking either 240 mg DMF or placebo orally every day for 6 months. As the main result, aneurysm wall enhancement will be measured by the signal intensity after 6 months of DMF treatment. Secondary endpoints include morphological changes of aneurysms and factors associated with inflammation. This study will provide prospective data on the reduction of UIA wall inflammation by DMF. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study has been approved by Medical Ethics Committee of the Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University (approval no: KY2022-064-02). We plan to disseminate our research findings through peer-reviewed journal publication and relevant academic conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05959759.

RP105 Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Myocardium via Activation of the Lyn/Syk/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Although our previous studies have established the crucial role of RP105 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI), its involvement in regulating oxidative stress induced by MI/RI remains unclear. To investigate this, we conducted experiments using a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Adenovirus carrying RP105 was injected apically at multiple points, and after 72 h, the left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 30 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion. In vitro experiments were performed on H9C2 cells, which were transfected with recombinant adenoviral vectors for 48 h, subjected to 4 h of hypoxia, and then reoxygenated for 2 h. We measured oxidative stress markers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, using a microplate reader. The fluorescence intensity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in myocardial tissue was measured using a DHE probe. We also investigated the upstream and downstream components of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Upregulation of RP105 increased SOD and GSH-Px activities, reduced MDA concentration, and inhibited ROS production in response to I/R injury in vivo and hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) stimulation in vitro. The overexpression of RP105 led to a decrease in the myocardial enzyme LDH in serum and cell culture supernatant, as well as a reduction in infarct size. Additionally, left ventricular fraction (LVEF) and fractional shortening (LVFS) were improved in the RP105 overexpression group compared to the control. Upregulation of RP105 promoted the expression of Lyn and Syk and further activated STAT phosphorylation, which was blocked by PP2 (a Lyn inhibitor). Our findings suggest that RP105 can inhibit MI/RI-induced oxidative stress by activating STAT3 via the Lyn/Syk signaling pathway.

Diagnostic value of laboratory parameters for complicated appendicitis: A two­center study.

There are two types of treatment for acute appendicitis (AA): surgery and antibiotic therapy. Some patients with complex appendicitis are treated with surgery; however, for uncomplex appendicitis, most could be treated effectively with antibiotics instead. How to distinguish complex appendicitis from uncomplex appendicitis before surgery is currently unknown. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of the laboratory parameters to diagnose complicated appendicitis. Data from 1,514 cases with acute appendicitis who were admitted to Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital and Beijing Aerospace General Hospital (both Beijing, China) from January 2016 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were divided into uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis. Independent variables were analyzed by uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify significant parameters in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Cut-off values, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy with area under the curve (AUC)>0.600 were considered significant parameters. Significant differences were found in age (P<0.001), body temperature (P<0.001), white blood cell (WBC) count (P<0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP; P<0.001), neutrophil count (P<0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR, P=0.019), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR, P<0.001), platelet count (P<0.001), coefficient of variation (CV) and standard deviation (SD) of red blood cell distribution width (RDW); both P<0.001), mean platelet volume (MPV, P<0.001) and total (P<0.001) and direct bilirubin (P<0.001) between the two groups. CRP, neutrophil count, NLR, PLR, platelet count, RDW-CV, RDW-SD, MPV and direct bilirubin levels were found as the independent variables to diagnose complicated appendicitis. In patients with acute appendicitis, CRP >22.95 mg/l, NLR >5.7, serum direct bilirubin >6.1 mmol/l and RDW-SD>17.7 fl were significantly associated with complicated appendicitis.

Shared Genetic Determinants of Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder Implicate Opposite Risk Patterns: A Genome-Wide Analysis of Common Variants.

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: The synaptic pruning hypothesis posits that schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may represent opposite ends of neurodevelopmental disorders: individuals with ASD exhibit an overabundance of synapses and connections while SCZ was characterized by excessive pruning of synapses and a reduction. Given the strong genetic predisposition of both disorders, we propose a shared genetic component, with certain loci having differential regulatory impacts. STUDY DESIGN: Genome-Wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of European descent from SCZ (N cases = 53 386, N controls = 77 258) and ASD (N cases = 18 381, N controls = 27 969) were analyzed. We used genetic correlation, bivariate causal mixture model, conditional false discovery rate method, colocalization, Transcriptome-Wide Association Study (TWAS), and Phenome-Wide Association Study (PheWAS) to investigate the genetic overlap and gene expression pattern. STUDY RESULTS: We found a positive genetic correlation between SCZ and ASD (rg = .26, SE = 0.01, P = 7.87e-14), with 11 genomic loci jointly influencing both conditions (conjFDR <0.05). Functional analysis highlights a significant enrichment of shared genes during early to mid-fetal developmental stages. A notable genetic region on chromosome 17q21.31 (lead SNP rs2696609) showed strong evidence of colocalization (PP.H4.abf = 0.85). This SNP rs2696609 is linked to many imaging-derived brain phenotypes. TWAS indicated opposing gene expression patterns (primarily pseudogenes and long noncoding RNAs [lncRNAs]) for ASD and SCZ in the 17q21.31 region and some genes (LRRC37A4P, LINC02210, and DND1P1) exhibit considerable variation in the cerebellum across the lifespan. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support a shared genetic basis for SCZ and ASD. A common genetic variant, rs2696609, located in the Chr17q21.31 locus, may exert differential risk regulation on SCZ and ASD by altering brain structure. Future studies should focus on the role of pseudogenes, lncRNAs, and cerebellum in synaptic pruning and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Prognostic factors and predictive models for patients with lung large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: Based on SEER database.

BACKGROUND: Lung Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare, aggressive, high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma with a poor prognosis, mainly seen in elderly men. To date, we have found no studies on predictive models for LCNEC. METHODS: We extracted data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of confirmed LCNEC from 2010 to 2018. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors, and then we constructed a novel nomogram and assessed the predictive effectiveness by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: A total of 2546 patients with LCNEC were included, excluding those diagnosed with autopsy or death certificate, tumor, lymph node, metastasis (TNM) stage, tumor grade deficiency, etc., and finally, a total of 743 cases were included in the study. After univariate and multivariate analyses, we concluded that the independent risk factors were N stage, intrapulmonary metastasis, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, and surgical intervention. The results of ROC curves, calibration curves, and DCA in the training and validation groups confirmed that the nomogram could accurately predict the prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: The nomogram obtained from our study is expected to be a useful tool for personalized prognostic prediction of LCNEC patients, which may help in clinical decision-making.

Right superior frontal gyrus: A potential neuroimaging biomarker for predicting short-term efficacy in schizophrenia.

Antipsychotic drug treatment for schizophrenia (SZ) can alter brain structure and function, but it is unclear if specific regional changes are associated with treatment outcome. Therefore, we examined the effects of antipsychotic drug treatment on regional grey matter (GM) density, white matter (WM) density, and functional connectivity (FC) as well as associations between regional changes and treatment efficacy. SZ patients (n = 163) and health controls (HCs) (n = 131) were examined by structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) at baseline, and a subset of SZ patients (n = 77) were re-examined after 8 weeks of second-generation antipsychotic treatment to assess changes in regional GM and WM density. In addition, 88 SZ patients and 81 HCs were examined by resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) at baseline and the patients were re-examined post-treatment to examine FC changes. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) were applied to measure psychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairments in SZ. SZ patients were then stratified into response and non-response groups according to PANSS score change (≥50 % decrease or <50 % decrease, respectively). The GM density of the right cingulate gyrus, WM density of the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) plus 5 other WM tracts were reduced in the response group compared to the non-response group. The FC values between the right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyrus and left thalamus were reduced in the entire SZ group (n = 88) after treatment, while FC between the right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and right medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed) was increased in the response group. There were no significant changes in regional FC among the non-response group after treatment and no correlations with symptom or cognition test scores. These findings suggest that the right SFG is a critical target of antipsychotic drugs and that WM density and FC alterations within this region could be used as potential indicators in predicting the treatment outcome of antipsychotics of SZ.

Human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells mediate microglia activation and improve anxiety-like behavior in MIA-induced offspring of schizophrenic rats.

Current treatments for schizophrenia (SCZ) remain largely ineffective in one-third of patients. Recent studies using stem cell therapy show a close relationship between stem cell immunomodulatory function and neuroinflammation in SCZ. To better investigate the efficacy of stem cell therapy for SCZ, human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) with powerful immunomodulatory effects were administered to rats via the tail vein (once a week for 5 consecutive weeks starting from the weaning period) using a maternal immune activation (MIA) rodent model. Open field, PPI, Western blotting, Q-PCR, and immunofluorescence were used to assess the biological effects of repeated tail vein injections of hUC-MSC in offspring rats following the MIA model of SCZ. The results indicated that offspring of MIA rats exhibited schizophrenia-like (SCZ-like) anxiety behavior, with observed microglial activation triggering neuroinflammation. Furthermore, levels of IBA1, HMGB1, and PSD95 were significantly up-regulated, while SYP was significantly down-regulated. It is suggested that hUCB-MSCs may act through HMGB1, Iba1, PSD95, and related pathway molecules to alleviate neuroinflammation and repair synaptic damage by regulating the activity state of microglia. Consequently, this could improve the abnormal behavior observed in MIA offspring rats.

Whole transcriptome sequencing reveals key genes and ceRNA regulatory networks associated with pimpled eggs in hens.

Eggshell is one of the most important indicators of egg quality, and due to low shell strength, pimple eggs (PE) are more susceptible to breakage, thus causing huge economic losses to the egg industry. At the current time, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the formation of pimple eggs are poorly understood. In this study, uterine tissues of PE-laying hens (n = 8) and normal egg (NE) -laying hens (n = 8) were analyzed by whole transcriptome sequencing, and a total of 619 differentially expressed mRNAs (DE mRNAs), 122 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) and 21 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) were obtained. Based on the targeting relationship among DE mRNAs, DE lncRNAs and DE miRNAs, we constructed a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network including 12 DE miRNAs, 19 DE lncRNAs, and 128 DE mRNAs. Considering the large amount of information contained in the network, we constructed a smaller ceRNA network to better understand the complex mechanisms of pimple egg formation. The smaller ceRNA network network contains 7 DE lncRNAs (LOC107056551, LOC121109367, LOC121108909, LOC121108862, LOC112530033, LOC121113165, LOC107054145), 5 DE miRNAs (gga-miR-6568-3p, gga-miR-31-5p, gga-miR-18b-3p, gga-miR-1759-3p, gga-miR-12240-3p) and 7 DE mRNAs (CABP1, DNAJC5, HCN3, HPCA, IBSP, KCNT1, OTOP3), and these differentially expressed genes may play key regulatory roles in the formation of pimpled eggs in hens. This study provides the overall expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs in the uterine tissues of hens, which provides a theoretical basis for further research on the molecular mechanisms of pimpled egg formation, and has potential applications in improving eggshell quality.

Marker Density and Models to Improve the Accuracy of Genomic Selection for Growth and Slaughter Traits in Meat Rabbits.

The selection and breeding of good meat rabbit breeds are fundamental to their industrial development, and genomic selection (GS) can employ genomic information to make up for the shortcomings of traditional phenotype-based breeding methods. For the practical implementation of GS in meat rabbit breeding, it is necessary to assess different marker densities and GS models. Here, we obtained low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (lcWGS) data from 1515 meat rabbits (including parent herd and half-sibling offspring). The specific objectives were (1) to derive a baseline for heritability estimates and genomic predictions based on randomly selected marker densities and (2) to assess the accuracy of genomic predictions for single- and multiple-trait linear mixed models. We found that a marker density of 50 K can be used as a baseline for heritability estimation and genomic prediction. For GS, the multi-trait genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) model results in more accurate predictions for virtually all traits compared to the single-trait model, with improvements greater than 15% for all of them, which may be attributed to the use of information on genetically related traits. In addition, we discovered a positive correlation between the performance of the multi-trait GBLUP and the genetic correlation between the traits. We anticipate that this approach will provide solutions for GS, as well as optimize breeding programs, in meat rabbits.

Cure Kinetics and Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Novel Phenylacetylene-Capped Polyimide Resins.

Based on a novel phenylacetylene capped polyimide (PI) with unique high-temperature resistance, its curing kinetics and thermal decomposition behavior were investigated. The curing mechanism and kinetics were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential factor (A) of the curing reaction were calculated based on the Kissinger equation, Ozawa equation, and Crane equation. According to the curve of conversion rate changing with temperature, the relationship between the dynamic reaction Ea and conversion rate (α) was calculated by the Friedman equation, Starink equation, and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (O-F-W) equation, and the reaction Ea in different stages was compared with the results of molecular dynamics. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze the thermal decomposition behavior of PI resins before and after curing. Temperatures at 5% and 20% mass loss (T5%, T20%), peak decomposition temperature (Tmax), residual carbon rate (RW), and integral process decomposition temperature (IPDT) were used to compare the thermal stability of PI resins and cured PI resins. The results display that the cured PI has excellent thermal stability. The Ea of the thermal decomposition reaction was calculated by the Coats-Redfern method, and the thermal decomposition behavior was analyzed. The thermal decomposition reaction of PI resins at different temperatures was simulated by molecular dynamics, the initial thermal decomposition reaction was studied, and the pyrolysis mechanism was analyzed more comprehensively and intuitively.

A Multifunctional Nanozyme Integrating Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Pro-Vascularity for Skin Wound Management.

Background: Skin wounds are a prevalent issue that can have severe health consequences if not treated correctly. Nanozymes offer a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of skin wounds, owing to their advantages in regulating redox homeostasis to reduce oxidative damage and kill bacteria. These properties make them an effective treatment option for skin wounds. However, most of current nanozymes lack the capability to simultaneously address inflammation, oxidative stress, and bacterial infection during the wound healing process. There is still great potential for nanozymes to increase their therapeutic functional diversity and efficacy. Methods: Herein, copper-doped hollow mesopores cerium oxide (Cu-HMCe) nanozymes with multifunctional of antioxidant, antimicrobial and pro-vascularity is successfully prepared. Cu-HMCe can be efficiently prepared through a simple and rapid solution method and displays sound physiological stability. The biocompatibility, pro-angiogenic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of Cu-HMCe were assessed. Moreover, a full-thickness skin defect infection model was utilized to investigate the wound healing capacity, as well as anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic properties of nanozymes in vivo. Results: Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have substantiated Cu-HMCe's remarkable biocompatibility. Moreover, Cu-HMCe possesses potent antioxidant enzyme-like catalytic activity, effectively clearing DPPH radicals (with a scavenging rate of 80%), hydroxyl radicals, and reactive oxygen species. Additionally, Cu-HMCe exhibits excellent antimicrobial and pro-angiogenic properties, with over 70% inhibition of both E. coli and S. aureus. These properties collectively promote wound healing, and the wound treated with Cu-HMCe achieved a closure rate of over 90% on the 14th day. Conclusion: The results indicate that multifunctional Cu-HMCe with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and pro-angiogenic properties was successfully prepared and exhibited remarkable efficacy in promoting wound healing. This nanozymes providing a promising strategy for skin repair.

Ru-regulated electronic structure CoNi-MOF nanosheets advance water electrolysis kinetics in alkaline and seawater media.

Herein, an ion-exchange strategy is utilized to greatly improve the kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by Ru-modified CoNi- 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC)-metal organic framework nanosheets (Ru@CoNi-MOF). Due to the higher Ni active sites and lower electron transfer impedance, Ru@CoNi-MOF catalyst requires the overpotential as low as 47 and 279 mV, at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 toward HER and OER, respectively. Significantly, the mass activity of Ru@CoNi-MOF for HER and OER are 25.9 and 10.6 mA mg-1, nearly 15.2 and 8.8 times higher than that of Ni-MOF. In addition, the electrolyzer of Ru@CoNi-MOF demonstrates exceptional electrolytic performance in both KOH and seawater environment, surpasses the commercial Pt/C||IrO2 couple. Theoretical calculations prove that introducing Ru atoms in - CoNi-MOF modulates the electronic structure of Ni, optimizes adsorption energy for H* and reduces energy barrier of metal organic frameworks (MOFs). This modification significantly improves the kinetic rate of the Ru@CoNi-MOF during water splitting. Certainly, this study highlights the utilization of MOF nanosheets as advanced HER/OER electrocatalysts with immense potential, and will paves a way to develop more efficient MOFs for catalytic applications.

Treatment of basilar artery aneurysms with two braided stents: Two centers experience of low-profile visualized intraluminal support stents versus Pipeline flow diverters.

BACKGROUND: Both low-profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS)stents and Pipeline flow diverters (FDs) are therapeutic strategies for basilar artery (BA) aneurysms, but they have not been directly compared. METHODS: A total of 132 consecutive patients with 139 BA aneurysms treated with either LVIS stent or Pipeline FDs were analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control for age, sex, hypertension, aneurysm size, shape, location, and duration of follow-up. The treatment results of these two braided stents were compared. RESULTS: LVIS stent was placed in 88 (63.3%) and Pipeline FDs in 51 (36.7%) procedures. Patients with Pipeline FDs tended to be younger and have less hypertension, whereas aneurysms had larger aneurysm size. After PSM, similar complete or near-complete occlusion rates (76.7% vs 73.3%, p = .766) and favorable functional outcomes (86.7% vs 90.0%, p = 1) were achieved in patients treated with LVIS stents and Pipeline FDs, respectively. Further comparisons were conducted at three different locations (basilar apex/basilar trunk/vertebrobasilar artery junction [VBJ]) separately, and the results showed a higher complete or near-complete aneurysm occlusion rate after Pipeline FD treatment than LVIS treatment (86.7% vs 59.2%, p = .012) only at VBJ, where a particularly high proportion of non-saccular shape (70.9%) and a male preponderance were noted. CONCLUSION: Both braided stents were effective in the treatment of BA aneurysms, with good occlusion rates and favorable functional outcomes. Pipeline FD achieved a particularly higher aneurysm occlusion rate than LVIS stent at VBJ, where lesions often require reconstruction of the diseased vessel.