Distribution and differentiation of marrow stem cells transplanted by different ways in ischemic myocardium and other organs in rabbits.

In our study, BrdU-labeled marrow stem cells (MSCs) were directly (group 1), by the coronary artery (group 2), or by the ear vein (group 3) transplanted into myocardium to observe their distribution and differentiation in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rabbit models. BrdU-positive cells, and BrdU and α-sarcomeric actin double positive cells were visible in the infarcted zones and its peripheral region. Cell processes between BrdU-positive cells and between BrdU-positive cells and host cardiomyocytes linked together. Transverse striation and sarcomere were seen. In above zones, new blood capillaries composed of Brdu-positive endothelial cells were present. Density of new blood capillaries was greater in group 1-3 than in control group (p < 0.05) and was the greatest in group 2. Hear function in group 1-3 was improved and was the best in group 2 (p < 0.05). In group 2 and 3, BrdU-positive cells were found in the lungs, liver, and kidneys. In group 3, BrdU-positive cells were greater in the lungs than in the liver and kidneys. We can see that MSCs transplanted by the three ways all can induce the regeneration of cardiomyocytes and blood capillaries. The order from good to poor effectiveness is group 2, group 1, and group 3.

[Relationship and clinical significance of KiSS-1, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), p50, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression in breast cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of KiSS-1, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) p50 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in breast cancer tissue and the relationship with clinicpathological factors. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining for KiSS-1, NF-KappaBp50, and MMP-9 protein was performed in 152 cases of human breast tissue [92 cases of BC, 30 cases of epithelial hyperplasia, and 30 cases of peritumoral breast tissue (PMT)] and 54 cases of axillary lymph node metastases. In-situ hybridization for KiSS-1 mRNA was done in 50 cases of breast cancer, and 20 cases of PMT. RESULTS: (1) The expression of KiSS-1 gene was significantly higher in well-differentiated breast cancer than in PMT, and this expression progressively decreased with decreasing degree of tumor differentiation, increasing pathological grade, TNM stage and the presence of lymph node metastases. The expression of KiSS-1 gene in lymph node metastasis was markedly lower than the corresponding primary tumor. There was correlation between the expression of KiSS-1 mRNA and KiSS-1 protein in breast cancer group. (2) The expression of NF-kappaKBp50 and MMP-9 increased progressively with decreasing degree of tumor differentiation, increasing TNM stage, large tumor size ( >2 cm) and the presence of lymph node metastases. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of KiSS-1 protein showed negative correlation with that of NF-kappaBp50 and MMP-9 respectively. MMP-9 protein expression was positively correlated with NF-kappap50 protein expression. These suggest that the genes of KiSS-1, NF-kappaBp50 and MMP-9 could be involved in the progression and metastasis of breast cancer.

[Introduction and calibration of the Chinese sun hazemeter network].

Much of the current uncertainty in the quantitative assessment of the climate and environment change is due to our lack of knowledge of the aerosol, for which the large-scale sun hazemeter ground-based network directly provides basic data. The data also can revise the results of the satellite remote sensing. Depending on the stations of CERN, the standard network was first built in China. The accurate and reliable hazemeter (LEDs) was uniformly used in the network. The hazemeters were calibrated by Langley plot method and transfer calibration and were uniformly checked. The AODs, which were synchronously retrieved from hazemeters (RSD < 3%) and CEMIL (RSD < 5%), were coherent and comparable. The stability and reliability of the hazemeters and the network was approved.

[AOD and angstrom parameters of aerosols observed by the Chinese sun hazemeter network from August to December 2004].

Atmospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD(lamda=500 nm)), Angstrom turbidity coefficient (beta) and Angstrom wavelength exponent (alpha) are obtained using the CERN sun hazemeter network from Aug to Dec, 2004. The results are as follows: At the Tibetan Plateau, Haibei and Lhasa, the mean of AOD is 0.09, 0.12; the mean of beta is 0.05, 0.13; the mean of a is 1.09, 0.06, respectively. At the Northeast of China, Hailun and Sanjiang, the mean of AOD is 0.14, 0.15; the mean of beta is 0.04, 0.06; the mean of a is 2.32, 1.58, respectively. At the desert region of North China, e.g., Fukang, Shapotou and Eerduosi, the range of averaged AOD is from 0.17 to 0.32; the range of averaged beta is from 0.09 to 0.19; the range of averaged a is from 0.68.to 1.28. At the forest areas, e.g. Changbai Mountain, Beijing forest and Xishuangbanna, the range of averaged AOD is from 0.19 to 0.42; the range of averaged beta is from 0.12 to 0.19; the range of averaged a is from 1.11 to 1.25. At agriculture areas, e.g. Shenyang, Fengqiu, Taoyuan and Yanting, the range of averaged AOD is from 0.34 to 0.68; the range of averaged beta is from 0.18 to 0.38; the range of averaged a is from 0.97 to 1.39. At the littoral areas and the lake of East China, e.g. Jiaozhou Bay, Shanghai City and Tai Lake, the range of averaged AOD is from 0.49 to 0.68; the range of averaged beta is from 0.21 to 0.29; the range of averaged a is from 1.24 to 1.37. At the inland cities, Beijing City and Lanzhou City, the mean of AOD is 0.47, 0.81; the mean of beta is 0.20, 0.45; the mean of a is 1.66, 0.89, respectively. The variations of aerosol properties at nineteen stations are explained in the paper.