Saccharin Sodium Coupling Fluorinated Solvent Enabled Stable Interface for High-Voltage Li-Metal Batteries.

Optimizing the electrode/electrolyte interface structure is the key to realizing high-voltage Li-metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, a functional electrolyte is introduced to synergetically regulate the interface layer structures on the high-voltage cathode and the Li-metal anode. Saccharin sodium (NaSH) as a multifunctional electrolyte additive is employed in fluorinated solvent-based electrolyte (FBE) for robust interphase layer construction. On the one hand, combining the results of ex-situ techniques and in-situ electrochemical dissipative quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM-D) technique, it can be seen that the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer constructed by NaSH-coupled fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) on Li-metal anode significantly inhibits the growth of lithium dendrites and improves the cyclic stability of the anode. On the other hand, the experimental results also confirm that the cathode-electrolyte interface (CEI) layer induced by NaSH-coupled FEC effectively protects the active materials of LiCoO2 and improves their structural stability under high-voltage cycling, thus avoiding the material rupture. Moreover, theoretical calculation results show that the addition of NaSH alters the desolvation behavior of Li+ and enhances the transport kinetics of Li+ at the electrode/electrolyte interface. In this contribution, the LiCoO2 ǁLi full cell containing FBE+NaSH results in a high capacity retention of 80% after 530 cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 99.8%.

Multi-response optimization toward efficient and clean (co-)combustions of textile dyeing sludge and second-generation feedstock.

The rapid growth of textile dyeing sludge (TDS) necessitates feeding it back into a circular economy in an efficient and clean way. This study aimed to optimize the clean and efficient operational conditions to co-combust TDS and incense sticks (IS). The (co-)-combustions exhibited four distinctive stages of thermal degradation. According to the master-plots method, the reaction mechanisms of reaction order (F2.4 and F1.5), three-dimensional diffusion (D3), and nucleation growth (A1.5) best explained the four stages, respectively. The interaction between TDS and IS exerted an inhibition effect in the range of 400-500 °C and a facilitation effect in the range of 600-1000 °C. At 300 °C as the main reaction temperature, the main evolved gas and functional groups such as CO2, H2O, CH4, CË­O, C-O, and C-H were detected. The addition of IS improved the comprehensive combustion index, inhibited SO2, but enhanced CO2, HCN, and NOx emissions. CaO in IS enabled Fe to remain in TDS and fixed more S in ash. Multi-response optimizations based on the best-fit artificial neural networks revealed the range of 545-605 °C and the co-combustion of 25% TDS and 75% IS as the cleaner and more efficient operational conditions.