Association Between Prognostic Nutritional Index and Prognosis in Patients With Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) has been proposed as a marker of malnutrition and associated with the prognosis of cardiovascular disease. However, whether PNI can serve as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of heart failure (HF) upon those established risk factors were still controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to generate comprehensive evidence on the prognostic value of PNI in patients with HF. Methods: Multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) were searched for related studies up to January 31, 2022. Observational studies accessed associations between PNI levels and the prognosis in patients with HF were included for meta-analysis. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: Fourteen studies, comprising 19,605 patients with HF were included for meta-analysis. The median follow-up duration was 18.5 months. Compared with those with higher PNI (normal nutritional status), patients with HF with lower PNI (malnourished) were associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.27-1.85) and composite major adverse cardiac outcomes (MACEs; HR 2.26, 95% CI 1.54-3.31) in the multivariable-adjusted model. Furthermore, when PNI was defined as per 1 increment as a continuous metric, higher PNI was associated with a decrease in all-cause mortality (per 1 increment of PNI: HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.88-0.96) and MACEs (per 1 increment of PNI: HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.98). Conclusions: The PNI can serve as an easily calculated bedside "malnutrition-inflammation" biomarker in HF. Lower PNI was associated with a worse prognosis in patients with HF.

New dibenzodioxocinone and pyran-3,5-dione derivatives from the deep-sea-derived fungus Penicillium canescens SCSIO z053.

A new isopentylated dibenzodioxocinone, canescenin A (1), and a new isopentylated pyran-3,5-dione derivative, canescenin B (2), were isolated from an extract of the deep-sea-derived fungus Penicillium canescens SCSIO z053. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. It was rare to obtain pyran-3,5-dione derivatives from nature. Antibacterial, cytotoxic, and antiviral activities of 1 and 2 were also evaluated.

[Application of ¹H-NMR-based pattern recognition in serum metabolomics of patients with chronic heart failure].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of applying (1)H-NMR-based pattern recognition in the studies of serum metabonomics in chronic heart failure (HF). METHODS: (1)H-NMR technique was applied for examination of the serum samples from 9 patients with chronic heart failure and 6 healthy individuals. The data were analyzed for pattern recognition through principal component analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal Partial Least Square (OPLS) to determine the differences in serum metabolites between the two groups. The recognition ability of the two analysis methods were compared. RESULTS: The serum (1)H-NMR spectra of heart failure patients and healthy individuals were significantly different. The PCA method failed to distinguish the patterns between the two groups, but OPLS clearly differentiated the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: (1)H-NMR technique is effective in the study of serum metabolomics in chronic heart failure. The serum metabonomics of patients with chronic heart failure and the healthy individuals are significantly different. OPLS pattern recognition method is superior to PCA method in that the former can remove the influence of non-experimental factors and provide an improved characterization.

[Effect of primary percutaneous coronary intervention on plasma B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with acute myocardial infarction].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on plasma B-type natriuretc peptide (BNP) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with AMI were divided into two groups for PCI (n=26) and conventional treatment (n=12). The plasma BNP levels were measured by fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) in these patients immediately, 24 h, 7 d, and 30 days after admission, and the infarct-related coronary arteries (IRA) were treated only with emergency interventional therapy in PCI group. RESULTS: BNP of the patients in the PCI and conventional treatment group B increased immediately and 24 h after admission, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (243.74+/-75.68 vs 228.65+/-82.32 and 283.42+/-88.66 vs 275.48+/-89.67, P>0.05). BNP in PCI group decreased but that in conventional treatment group increased 7 days after admission, showing significant difference between them (203.63+/-59.42 vs 388.74+/-108.52, P<0.05 ). BNP remained significantly lower in the PCI group than in the other group 30 days after admission (96.31+/-43.22 vs 237.66+/-75.48, P<0.01). Emergency PCI for different IRA resulted in the significant difference in BNP between the patients, and intervention of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) resulted in more obvious BNP reduction in comparison with that due to interventional of the right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCX). The changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) were correlated to the changes of BNP. The mean BNP in the 3 fatal cases was nearly 10-fold higher than the normal level. CONCLUSIONS: BNP of AMI patients decreases on days 7 and 30 after reperfusion therapy with primary PCI, and the reduction can be more obvious 30 days after admission.