Long-term survival influencing and risk factors in peritoneal dialysis patients: a single center study in Southwest China / 中华肾脏病杂志

Patients who initiated peritoneal dialysis (PD) in Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2013 were enrolled in the single center and retrospective study. Clinical and laboratory data were collected to analyze the long-term survival rates, technique survival rates and associated influencing factors. Patients were followed up until December 31, 2021 or endpoints occurred (death or stopping PD treatment). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to estimate survival rates and technique survival rates. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of death and technique failure in PD patients. A total of 373 patients were enrolled in the study, with age of (52.1±15.8) years old and 199 (53.4%) males. During the follow-up, 154 (41.3%) patients died, 72 (19.3%) patients transferred to hemodialysis, and 40 (10.7%) patients received kidney transplant. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that overall survival rates of PD patients at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 years were 92.2%, 76.6%, 66.0%, 52.4% and 38.6%, respectively. Technique survival rates were 93.5%, 84.8%, 74.2%, 62.8% and 44.5% at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 years, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression model results showed that age ( HR=1.055, 95% CI 1.039-1.073, P<0.001), transfer from hemodialysis ( HR=2.212, 95% CI 1.514-3.231, P<0.001), episodes of peritonitis ( HR=2.141, 95% CI 1.194-3.837, P=0.011), Charlson comorbidity index ( HR=1.525, 95% CI 1.305-1.783, P<0.001), and baseline albumin ( HR=0.951, 95% CI 0.925-0.978, P<0.001) were independent influencing factors of survival in PD patients. Episodes of peritonitis ( HR=2.327, 95% CI 1.274-4.250, P=0.006) and Charlson comorbidity index ( HR=1.244, 95% CI 1.035-1.496, P=0.020) were independent influencing factors of technique survival in PD patients. PD patients have good early survival rates and technical survival rates, but long-term outcomes need to be further improved. Peritonitis is a major risk factor for low long-term survival rates and technical survival rates in PD patients.

Screening and analysis of RNAs associated with activated memory CD4 and CD8 T cells in liver cancer.

BACKGROUND: Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. T cell-mediated antitumor immune response is the basis of liver cancer immunotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To screen and analyze the RNAs associated with activated memory CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells in liver cancer. METHODS: ESTIMATE was used to calculate the stromal and immune scores of tumor samples, which were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in high and low stromal and immune scores were screened, followed by functional enrichment of overlapped DEGs. We then conducted a survival analysis to identify immune-related prognostic indicators and constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and ceRNA networks. Finally, chemical small-molecule-target interaction pairs associated with liver cancer were screened. RESULTS: A total of 55,955 stromal-related DEGs and 1811 immune-related DEGs were obtained. The 1238 overlapped DEGs were enriched in 1457 biological process terms and 74 KEGG pathways. In addition, a total of 120 activated memory CD4 T cell-related genes and 309 CD8 T cell-related genes were identified. The survival analysis revealed that upregulated expression of T cell-related genes including EOMES, CST7, and CD5L indicated the favorable prognosis of liver cancer. EOMES was regulated by has-miR-23b-3p and has-miR-23b-3p was regulated by lncRNA AC104820.2 in the ceRNA network of activated memory CD4 T cell-related genes. In addition, EOMES was regulated by has-miR-23a-3p and has-miR-23a-3p was regulated by lncRNA AC000476.1 in the ceRNA network of CD8 T cells. CONCLUSION: T cell-related RNAs EOMES, CST7, CD5L, has-miR-23b-3p, and has-miR-23a-3p may be associated with the prognosis of liver cancer. And the molecular characteristics of these T cell-related genes were plotted.

Differences in T cell immune-related lncRNA and mRNA expression patterns between right- and left-sided colorectal cancers.

BACKGROUND: Right-sided colorectal cancer (RCRC) and left-sided colorectal cancer (LCRC) harbor different genetic alterations associated with immune response. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the differences in T cell immune-related RNA expression patterns between RCRC and LCRC. METHODS: The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) between LCRC and RCRC were screened from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A correlation analysis between DEGs or DElncRNAs and differential T cells was also performed to obtain T cell-related genes, followed by miRNA prediction. The mRNA-lncRNA network and the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network were subsequently constructed, and the expression level of mRNA in the ceRNA network was verified using GSE104645. RESULTS: RCRC patients had a poorer prognosis and were older than LCRC patients. In total, 923 DEGs and 328 DElncRNAs were screened between LCRC and RCRC patients. Compared to RCRC patients, LCRC patients showed a decrease in CD8+ T cells. In addition, 26 miRNAs, 8 mRNAs, and 10 lncRNAs were included in the ceRNA network. Finally, the validation analysis revealed that CDHR1 and PRLR were significantly downregulated, while TRIB2 was upregulated in RCRC patients compared to LCRC patients. CONCLUSION: The analysis of T cell immune-related RNA expression might provide new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of the differences between LCRC and RCRC.

Molecular characteristics associated with ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma progression.

The aim of this study was to investigate the genes associated with ferroptosis and the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The RNA sequencing data of erastin-induced ferroptosis in HCC cells were downloaded from the Sequence Read Archive database with accession number SRP119173. The microarray dataset GSE89377 of HCC progression was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The ferroptosis-related genes were screened by differential analysis and HCC progression-related genes were screened by cluster analysis using Mfuzz. Then, the genes associated with ferroptosis and HCC progression were screened by Venn analysis, followed by functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, and transcription factor (TF) prediction. Finally, survival analysis was performed using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. A total of 33 upregulated and 52 downregulated genes associated with HCC progression and ferroptosis were obtained, and these genes were significantly involved in the negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascades; the NAD biosynthetic process; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; and other pathways. The PPI network contained 52 genes and 78 interactions, of which, cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) and heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 (HSPB1) were hub genes found in higher degrees. Among the 85 genes associated with HCC progression and ferroptosis, two TFs (activating TF 3 (ATF3) and HLF) were predicted, with HSPB1 targeted by ATF3. In addition, 26 genes that were found to be significantly correlated with the overall survival of HCC patients were screened, including CDC20 and thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13. Several genes associated with HCC progression and ferroptosis were screened based on a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. These genes played roles in HCC progression and ferroptosis via the negative regulation of the ERK1 and ERK2 cascades; the NAD biosynthetic process; and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. ATF3 and HSPB1 played important roles in HCC progression and ferroptosis, with HSPB1 possibly regulated by ATF3.

miR-9 targets glycogen synthase kinase-3β-Wnt/β-catenin affects cartilage matrix degradation in osteo-arthritis / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective:To investigate whether miR-9 plays a role in regulating glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) expression, affecting Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity and the patho-genesis of Osteo-arthritis (OA).Methods:The cartilage tissue of OA patients and normal cartilage tissue after traumatic amputation were collected, and the expressions of miR-9 and GSK-3β were compared. The double luciferase gene reporting test verified whether there was a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-9 and GSK-3β. OA rat model was established and compared with sham group, enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect hydroxyproline (Hyp) content in joint fluid.A kit was used to detect caspase-3 activity, and miR-9 and GSK-3β expression differences were detected in cartilage tissue. The OA model rats were divided into 3 groups: the sham group, the OA+ antagomiR-NC group, the OA + antagomiR-9 group. ELISA was used to detect Hyp content in joint fluid, kit was used to detect caspase-3 activity, and flow cytometry was used to detect cell cartilage tissue. Apoptosis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to detect the expression of miR-9, GSK-3β, β-catenin and COL2A1. The comparison of mea-surement data between the two groups was conducted by t-test. The comparison of measurement data between multiple groups was conducted by one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) analysis of variance, and then Bon-ferroni method was used for comparison between the two groups. P<0.05 was considered as statistically sign-ificant. Results:The miR-9 expression of cartilage tissue were (1.09±0.25) in the control group, and (2.86±0.25) in the OA group ( t=24.30, P<0.01). The GSK-3 β mRNA expression of cartilage tissue was (0.99±0.11) in the control group, and (0.53±0.10) in the OA group ( t=15.40, P<0.01). There was a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-9 and GSK-3β. The miR-9 expression of cartilage tissue was (1.00±0.21) in the sham group, and (2.61±0.36) in the OA group (t=9.462, P<0.01). The GSK-3 β mRNA expression of cartilage tissue was (1.00±0.18) in the sham group, and (0.52±0.09) in the OA group ( t=5.842, P <0.01). The Hyp content of joint fluid was (10±3) ng/ml in the sham group, and (50±8) ng/ml in the OA group ( t=11.015, P<0.01). The Caspase-3 activity of cartilage tissue was (1.00±0.19) in the sham group, and (2.43±0.36) in the OA group ( t=8.605, P<0.01). The miR-9 expression of cartilage tissue was (2.86±0.31) in the OA+antagomir NC group, and (1.67±0.19) in the OA + antagomir-9 group ( F=105.2, P<0.01). The GSK-3β mRNA expression of cartilage tissue was (0.41±0.09) in the OA antagomir NC group, and (0.81±0.09) in the OA + antagomir-9 group ( F=49.32, P<0.01). The Hyp content of joint fluid was (52.3±6.8) ng/ml in the OA + antagomir NC group, and (30.3±3.4) ng/ml in the OA + antagomir-9 group ( F=119.7, P<0.01). The caspase-3 activity of cartilage tissue was (2.22±0.23) in the OA + antagomir NC group, and (1.43±0.14) in the OA+ antagomir NC group ( F=72.55, P<0.01). Compared with OA + antagomir NC group, the expression of β-Catenin protein in the OA + miran-tagomir-9 group wasdecreased, the expression of GSK-3 β and COL2A1 protein wasincreased, and cell apo-ptosis wasdecreased. Conclusion:The increased expression of miR-9 plays a role in reducing the expression of GSK-3β, enhancing the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, promoting the degradation, destruction of cartilage matrix and the pathogenesis of OA. Inhibition of miR-9 expression can reduce the protective effect of OA.

Ideological and political education in Microbiology Experiment: reform and exploration / 生物工程学报

Deepening the ideological and political construction of curriculum and carrying out the fundamental task of cultivating people with morality are the important requirements of education reform and talent cultivation in the new era. Microbiology Experiment is an important basic course and core practice course of Bioengineering, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Food Science and Engineering, et al. In order to give full play to the education function of Microbiology Experiment, this article deeply developed the ideological elements contained in the curriculum referring to the guidelines for the construction of ideological and political courses in institutions of higher education. And the article explored the ideological and political reform of Microbiology Experiment from three aspects: teaching content reform, teaching method innovation and improvement of teachers' ideological and political construction ability. Strive to integrate the value shaping, knowledge transference and ability training, cultivate high-quality professionals with firm ideals and beliefs.

Gut microbiome associated with chemotherapy-induced diarrhea from the CapeOX regimen as adjuvant chemotherapy in resected stage III colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy induced diarrhea (CID) is a common side effect in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer. The aim of our study was to explore the association between gut microorganisms and CID from the CapeOX regimen in resected stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. RESULTS: After screening and identification, 17 stool samples were collected from resected stage III CRC patients undergoing the CapeOX regimen. Bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes was sequenced, and a bioinformatics analysis was executed to screen for the distinctive gut microbiome and the functional metabolism associated with CID due to the CapeOX regimen. The gut microbial community richness and community diversity were lower in CID (p < 0.05 vs control group). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most predominant species (31.22%) among the gut microbiome in CRC patients with CID. There were 75 microorganisms with statistically significant differences at the species level between the CRC patients with and without CID (LDA, linear discriminant analysis score > 2), and there were 23 pathways that the differential microorganisms might be involved in. CONCLUSIONS: The gut microbial community structure and diversity have changed in CRC patients with CID. It may provide novel insights into the prevention and treatment of CID.

Clinical study of febuxostat intervention in treatment of hyperuricemia and vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with hyperlipidemia / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficiency of febuxostat on hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia,provide evidences for the option of clinical treatment.Methods From Mar.2015 to Mar.2016,80 patients with hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia were enrolled to this study,and they were randomly divided into observation group and control group by random number table,each group with 40 cases.The observation group received 40 mg of fenbuterol tablets once a day.The control group received 100 mg allopurinol tablets three times a day.The levels of serum uric acid,lipids,endothelium-soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and endothelium (ET-1) were measured at the baseline,12 weeks after treatment and 24 weeks after treatment.Meanwhile,the liver and kidney function damage and adverse reactions were recorded.Results After treatment,the levels of uric acid,blood lipid,sICAM-1 and ET-1 were decreased in two groups,and there was significant difference between them (P＜0.05).The adverse effects of the two groups were transient.The incidence of liver or kidney damage,side effect of drug in observation group was lower than that in the control group,and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05),except the incidence of rash.Conclusion Febuxostat intervention in treatment of patients with hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia is safe and efficient.

Meticulous nursing of indwelling urinary catheter between the children with hypospadias during ;perioperative / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To summarize the meticulous nursing experience of indwelling urinary catheter between the children with hypospadias during perioperative. Methods 317 cases of indwelling urethral only in the silicone Foley tube, and without other urinary diversion with hypospadias were retrospectively analyzed, summarized the fine points of nursing, including preoperative children with comprehensive risk assessment, standardized preoperative skin preparation and postoperative protective constraint, effective properly fixed catheter keep the urine drainage unobstructed, close observation of urine drainage characteristics, maintain urine collection system tightness, maintain perineal skin clean and improved extubation nursing method, and do a good job after extubation nursing. Results 266 cases were cured with a cure rate of 83.9%(266/317);the incidence of urine leakage in 42 cases, the incidence rate was 13.2%(42/317); 7 cases of urethral stenosis, the incidence rate was 2.2%(7/317); 2 cases of urethral closing, the incidence was 0.6% (2/317), none of the patients had accidental extubation. Conclusions The meticulous nursing has a better effect in hypospadias patients during the perioperative period and it can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications;shorten the time of hospitalization and alleviate the suffering of children;improve the quality of nursing service, which is worthy of clinical application.

Effect of clinical pathway management on pediatric capillary bronchitis / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of clinical pathway management on pediatric capillary bronchitis. Methods Infants with capillary bronchitis admitted to our hospital were selected. Several indices were compared between the infants with and without clinical pathway management including hospital stay, costs of hospitalization, satisfaction in parents of children, cure rate, readmission rate one week after discharge, hospital infection and variation in the process of clinical pathway manage-ment. Results A total of 204 eligible infants were divided into research group (n=96) and control group (n=108). There were no signiifcant differences in sex, age, respiratory rate, heart rate and temperature, and detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretion and sputum culture (P>0.05). Compared with the infants in control group, the total drug costs, the an-tibiotics costs and the average length of stay were signiifcantly decreased in infants with clinical pathway management (P0.05). In research group, 49 infants (51.04%) completed the clinical pathway management. Positive variance was found in 43 infants (44.79%) and negative variance in 4 infants (4.17%). Two infants (2.08%) dropped out. Conclusions For capillary bronchitis in infants, clinical pathway management has an effect on controlling and reducing the medical expenses, and meanwhile improving the medical quality and satisfaction of patients.