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1.
Clin Infect Dis ; 63(7): 929-936, 2016 10 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27313267

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In preterm infants cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection acquired through maternal milk has been related to morbidity. However, infants who may receive higher titers of protective antibodies from highly seropositive mothers have not been studied in detail. METHODS: A cohort of 188 ≤30-week-old infants was monitored from admission to discharge. CMV-DNA, hematology, liver enzymes, neutralizing antibodies, and CMV-DNA-lactia were tested periodically. RESULTS: Mothers of 157 infants (83.5%) were CMV-seropositive. A total of 24/157 (15.3%) infants became infected (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.8-22.6), particularly those of lower gestational age (GA; relative risk [RR], 2.32; 95% CI, 1.01-5.34 for 23-26 weeks). Low (<1:64) neutralizing antibody titers were similarly detected in CMV-infected and uninfected infants. Mean DNA-lactia in mothers was higher in CMV-infected than in uninfected infants (5.34 log vs 4.60 log). Clinical findings suggestive of CMV disease were similar in CMV-infected (50.0%) and CMV-uninfected (51.1%) infants. Although transitory, >2 laboratory test abnormalities occurred more frequently among CMV-infected (39.1%) than CMV-uninfected (2.1%) infants. More severe stages of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) were found among CMV-infected infants (adjusted RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.07-5.91). Although deaths were more frequent among infected infants, none of the deaths could be directly attributed to CMV. CONCLUSIONS: Postnatal CMV infection acquired by exposure to raw maternal milk is very frequent among extremely premature newborns, being facilitated by high DNA-lactia and lower GA, regardless of maternally acquired neutralizing antibody levels. The association with advanced stages of ROP is a concern and needs to be further explored in larger studies.


Subject(s)
Cytomegalovirus Infections/epidemiology , Cytomegalovirus/genetics , Infant, Premature , Milk, Human/virology , Adult , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Cytomegalovirus/immunology , Cytomegalovirus Infections/immunology , Cytomegalovirus Infections/transmission , Cytomegalovirus Infections/virology , DNA, Viral/analysis , DNA, Viral/genetics , Humans , Incidence , Infant, Newborn , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
2.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 24(2): 155-162, jun. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-438339

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: descrever a sobrevida intra-hospitalar dos recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso, de acordo com as faixas de peso ao nascer (PN) e idade gestacional (IG) no período de 4 anos, em naternidade privada de nível terciário. Métodos: Coorte prospectiva de 146 RN com PN de 500 a 1499g, sem anolmalias congênitas incompatíveis com a vida, com IG superior a 22 semanas, que nasceram e permaneceram internados na Maternidade Pro-Matre Paulista até a alta, no período de março de 2000 a fevereiro de 2004. Descreve-se a taxa de sobrevida por faixa de PN e IG e nalisam-se fatores presentes ao nascimento, associados à sobrevida intra-hospitalar por meio de regressão logística. Resultados: características dos 146 RN: PN 1096+-284g, IG 29,4+-3,2 semanas, pequeno/IG 42 por cento, gestações múltiplas 39 por cento, sexo masculino 47 por cento e parto cesáreo 79 por cento. A sobrevida, nas faixas de 500-749g, 1000-1249g e 1250-1499g foi, respectivamente, 39, 78, 85 e 98 por cento. A sobrevida dos pacientes de 23-24, 25-27 semanas, 28-30 e 31-33 semanas foi respectivamente, 36, 69, 86 e 94 por cento. A análise de regressão mostrou que a sobrevida intra-hospitalar aumentou com a elevação do PN (OR 0,995; IC 95 por cento 0,993-0,997) e não teve influêncian dos fatores IG, adequação PN/IG, gestação múltipla, sexo, parto ou ano de nascimento. Conclusões: em 4 anos, a sobrevida foi crescente de acordo com o aumento do peso ao nascer. Esforços devem ser direcionados para que taxas maiores de sobrevida sejam obtidas, em especial, nos nascidos entre 500 e 750g e/ou idade gestacional entre 23 e25 semanas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant Mortality , Infant, Premature , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Survival Rate
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