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1.
Gac Med Mex ; 159(1): 24-31, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36930551

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is two to three times more common than in individuals without NVAF. OBJECTIVE: To identify cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) and antithrombotic treatment in patients with NVAF and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and to determine if there were differences according to gender. METHODS: CMRF, pro-thrombotic risk, bleeding risk, and antithrombotic therapy were globally analyzed and according to gender. RESULTS: Out of 1,423 patients with NVAF, 336 had HFrEF. On average, females were older than males. There was no difference between genders with regard to the type of NVAF or direct oral anticoagulants use. Hypertension was more common in women. History of transient ischemic attack was reported in 3.6% of the patients and cerebrovascular event in 10%, without differences in terms of gender. The percentage of men with elevated embolic risk was higher, but without antithrombotic treatment, in comparison with women. CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences were found according to gender in patients with NVAF and HFrEF, both in CMRF and some comorbidities, as well as in antithrombotic treatment according to embolic and bleeding risk.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La insuficiencia cardiaca en pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular (FANV) es de dos a tres veces más frecuente que en individuos sin FANV. OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico (FRCM) y el tratamiento antitrombótico de pacientes con FANV e insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de expulsión reducida (IC-FEr), y determinar si existen diferencias conforme al sexo. MÉTODOS: En forma global y de acuerdo con el sexo se analizaron FRCM, riesgo protrombótico, riesgo de sangrado y terapia antitrombótica. RESULTADOS: De 1423 pacientes con FANV, 336 tuvieron IC-FEr. Las mujeres promediaron mayor edad que los hombres. No hubo diferencia entre los sexos respecto al tipo de FANV o uso de anticoagulantes orales directos. La hipertensión arterial sistémica fue más frecuente en mujeres. Un 3.6 % de los pacientes reportó antecedente de ataque isquémico transitorio y 10 % de evento vascular cerebral, sin diferencias en cuanto al sexo. El porcentaje de hombres con riesgo embólico elevado fue mayor, pero sin tratamiento antitrombótico, en comparación con las mujeres. CONCLUSIONES: Se encontraron diferencias significativas de acuerdo con el sexo en pacientes con FANV e IC-FEr, tanto en FRCM y algunas comorbilidades, como en el tratamiento antitrombótico de acuerdo con el riesgo embólico y de sangrado.


Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation , Heart Failure , Stroke , Humans , Male , Female , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Fibrinolytic Agents/adverse effects , Heart Failure/complications , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Cardiometabolic Risk Factors , Stroke Volume , Risk Factors , Stroke/epidemiology , Stroke/etiology , Stroke/prevention & control
2.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 159(1): 24-31, ene.-feb. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448261

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La insuficiencia cardiaca en pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular (FANV) es de dos a tres veces más frecuente que en individuos sin FANV. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico (FRCM) y el tratamiento antitrombótico de pacientes con FANV e insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de expulsión reducida (IC-FEr), y determinar si existen diferencias conforme al sexo. Métodos: En forma global y de acuerdo con el sexo se analizaron FRCM, riesgo protrombótico, riesgo de sangrado y terapia antitrombótica. Resultados: De 1423 pacientes con FANV, 336 tuvieron IC-FEr. Las mujeres promediaron mayor edad que los hombres. No hubo diferencia entre los sexos respecto al tipo de FANV o uso de anticoagulantes orales directos. La hipertensión arterial sistémica fue más frecuente en mujeres. Un 3.6 % de los pacientes reportó antecedente de ataque isquémico transitorio y 10 % de evento vascular cerebral, sin diferencias en cuanto al sexo. El porcentaje de hombres con riesgo embólico elevado fue mayor, pero sin tratamiento antitrombótico, en comparación con las mujeres. Conclusiones: Se encontraron diferencias significativas de acuerdo con el sexo en pacientes con FANV e IC-FEr, tanto en FRCM y algunas comorbilidades, como en el tratamiento antitrombótico de acuerdo con el riesgo embólico y de sangrado.


Abstract Introduction: Heart failure in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is two to three times more common than in individuals without NVAF. Objective: To identify cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) and antithrombotic treatment in patients with NVAF and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and to determine if there were differences according to gender. Methods: CMRF, pro-thrombotic risk, bleeding risk, and antithrombotic therapy were globally analyzed and according to gender. Results: Out of 1,423 patients with NVAF, 336 had HFrEF. On average, females were older than males. There was no difference between genders with regard to the type of NVAF or direct oral anticoagulants use. Hypertension was more common in women. History of transient ischemic attack was reported in 3.6% of the patients and cerebrovascular event in 10%, without differences in terms of gender. The percentage of men with elevated embolic risk was higher, but without antithrombotic treatment, in comparison with women. Conclusions: Significant differences were found according to gender in patients with NVAF and HFrEF, both in CMRF and some comorbidities, as well as in antithrombotic treatment according to embolic and bleeding risk.

3.
Adv Biomark Sci Technol ; 4: 36-53, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36404876

ABSTRACT

Different biomarkers for SARS-CoV-2 have been linked to detection, diagnosis, treatment, disease progression, and development of new drugs and vaccines. The objective of this research was to evaluate various hematological, biochemicals, immunological, radiological and spirometric parameters in 20 adult patients convalescing from COVID-19 and their possible relationship with the clinical course of the disease. The frequencies of categorical variables were compared using the chi-square and Fisher's exact test. The levels of statistical significance were denoted in each figure legend. Two-dimensional clustering analysis was performed using MeV software from TIGR. The tests with P value of ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Most of the patients studied presented alterations in dissimilar laboratory, radiological and spirometric parameters, which were related to the clinical evolution of the disease. The results obtained show that certain hematological, biochemical, immunological and radiological parameters can be considered as biomarkers of sequela in adult COVID-19 patients, which allows their stratification, according to the degree of involvement or sequela, into three groups: I (mild degree of involvement or sequela), without lung lesions on computerized axial tomography (CT scan) and high values of IgG, C3 and hemoglobin, II (moderate degree of involvement or sequel), without lung lesions on CT scan, characterized by high levels of CD3+/CD4+ T lymphocytes and the rest of the variables with low values and III (severe degree of involvement or sequela), with lung lesions on CT scan and high values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, monocytes and neutrophils, associated with lymphopenia and decreased concentrations of IgG and C3.

4.
Sustain Sci ; 17(4): 1159-1170, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35381978

ABSTRACT

As a reflection of our politically engaged research, this paper addresses the multiple challenges of transforming money for the emergence of the Pluriverse, arguing that practical efforts of emancipation and autonomy need to dismantle the colonial nature of our current monetary system: the flip side of the colonial state. On the one hand, we look into Chiloé, a territory marked by long-term relations of colonialism, dependency and extraction, where the arrival of monetised forms of work in extractive industries has meant the destruction of former ways of inhabiting the territory. On the other, we explore the emergence of the Circles project, in Berlin, that aims at creating a basic income from the bottom-up, whereby people in different communities issue money equally and exchange with each other without the need for state cash. More than assuming that money in itself is 'bad', we suggest that a recovery of the social and ecological fabric of life could be done through local money systems, designed and managed by the communities themselves, delivered and redistributed as a basic income. Moving to a plural monetary system based on relations of care would lead to a recovery of history as a project of collective self-determination.

7.
Glob Heart ; 15(1): 32, 2020 04 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32489805

ABSTRACT

Background: Documenting the patterns of oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT) is essential to prevent thromboembolic complications of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Objective: To report the patterns of OAT according to age and thromboembolic risk in patients included in CARMEN-AF, a nationwide registry of NVAF in Mexico, an upper middle-income country. Material and methods: There were 1,423 consecutive patients ≥18 years old and with at least one thromboembolic risk factor enrolled in the CARMEN-AF Registry at their regular clinical visit during a three-year period. They were analyzed according to 1) age, 2) AF type, and 3) CHA2DS2-VASc score. Results: Overall, 16.4% of patients did not receive antithrombotic treatment, 19.4% received antiplatelet drugs (APD), 29.2% vitamin K antagonists (VKA), and 34.6% direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). With increasing age, the proportion of subjects treated with VKA decreased significantly from 36.2% in subjects <65 years to 22.5% in those ≥75 years old (P <0.0001). Concomitantly, an increase in both APD and no antithrombotic treatment was observed with increasing age. DOAC were prescribed equally among all age groups (34.2% in <65, 36.0% in 65-74, and 33.9% in ≥75). According to the type of AF, VKA use was more common in patients with permanent AF (32.7%). A lower use of DOAC was observed in high thromboembolic risk subjects (33.6% in CHA2DS2-VASc ≥2) compared with the moderate risk group (41% in CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Conclusions: VKA use for NVAF in Mexico decreased in relation to increasing age. The proportion of DOAC therapy was the same in all age groups. Nevertheless, elderly patients with high thromboembolic risk received a suboptimal thromboprophylaxis. These data could help to improve gaps in the implementation of global guidelines. Clinical trial registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02334852. Highlights: CARMEN-AF is a nationwide multi-centric registry seeking to bridge the data gap on anticoagulation therapy for NVAF in Mexico.Elderly patients are more prone to receive suboptimal OAT for NVAF.DOAC were less frequently used in high thromboembolic risk patients (CHA2DS2-VASc ≥2).


Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use , Registries , Stroke/prevention & control , Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Age Factors , Aged , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Stroke/epidemiology , Stroke/etiology , Survival Rate/trends , Thromboembolism/complications
10.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 33(4): 67-72, oct.-dic. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042885

ABSTRACT

Por la importancia diagnóstica que tiene la detección de los distintas especificidades de anticuerpos que permite distinguir síndromes reumáticos que se sobreponen en el plano clínico, se exploró su frecuencia en un grupo de 4 693 pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas autoinmunes sistémicas (SARDs) en el periodo entre el 10 de junio del 2010 al 10 de junio del 2016. Fueron estudiados con ANA screen, ANA combi e IMMUNOBLOTTING. Solo fueron positivos 277 (5,9 %), 250 del sexo femenino y 27 del sexo masculino. Existió una importante prevalencia de reactividad contra los anticuerpos anti-SS-A con 140 pacientes (50 %), seguido de los antinucleosoma con 97 (35 %) y los DNA ds con 72 (25 %), en el resto de los anticuerpos no existieron hallazgos importantes. Este estudio sugiere que para los pacientes con manifestaciones clínicas de enfermedades reumáticas autoinmunes sistémicas es necesario y útil la utilización de estas pruebas que, junto con la información clínica y en algunos casos histológica, puede ayudar a realizar un diagnóstico más preciso.


Due to the diagnostic importance of the detection of different antibody specificities that allows us to distinguish rheumatic syndromes that clinically overlap; we studied its prevalence in a group of 4 693 patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases In the period between June 10, 2010 and June 10, 2016. For that purpose we used ANA Screen and ANA Combi. 277 (5 %) were female and 250 male. There was a significant prevalence of anti-SS-A antibodies140 (50 %) followed by antinucleosome 97 (35 %) and DNAs of 72 (25 %), no significant results were obtained with the rest of the other antibodies. Our results suggest the usefulness of these tests in patients with clinical manifestations of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases together with the clinical and histological information that could help to make an accurate diagnosis.

12.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 32(4): 0-0, oct.-dic. 2016.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-67204

ABSTRACT

De todos los virus conocidos hasta el presente, el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) es el que más frecuentemente se ha relacionado con los fenómenos autoinmunes1,2. En los últimos años se han publicado numerosos estudios que han relacionado la infección crónica por el VHC con la producción de diversos autoanticuerpos y con enfermedades autoinmunes sistémicas como el síndrome de Sjögren, la crioglobulinemia, la vasculitis, la artritis reumatoidea y muy especialmente con el lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES), que son consideradas como manifestaciones extrahepáticas de la hepatitis C y que suelen aparecer en las etapas avanzadas de esta enfermedad3-7. Además, la fatiga, el malestar general, la disminución del apetito, el dolor en las articulaciones, las mialgias y otros síntomas que aparecen en la fase crónica de la hepatitis C son similares a los que se pueden observar en algunas enfermedades reumatológicas, lo que puede retrasar el diagnóstico de la infección por VHC8-11. Algunos autores consideran que la hepatitis C debe ser empleada como criterio de exclusión para definir si los síntomas observados corresponden a una de las manifestaciones extrahepáticas de la fase crónica de la hepatitis C que está simulando una enfermedad reumatológica, o a una enfermedad reumatológica autoinmune primaria(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Hepacivirus/immunology , Autoantibodies/immunology
13.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 32(4): 0-0, oct.-dic. 2016.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-67203

ABSTRACT

En la etiopatogenia de algunas de las enfermedades reumatológicas se ha postulado la posible implicación etiológico o desencadenante de diversos agentes infecciosos, que han sido reconocidos como causantes de una reacción inflamatoria inicial, que posteriormente es perpetuada por mecanismos de autoinmunidad1,2. En estas enfermedades se han descrito manifestaciones clínicas e inmunológicas similares a las que se presentan en las infecciones por citomegalovirus, virus de Epstein-Barr, parvovirus B19, virus de la rubéola y de la parotiditis, entre otros 3-5.Entre las enfermedades reumatológicas que provocan mayor variedad de alteraciones, tanto clínicas como inmunológicas, se encuentran el lupus eritematoso sistémico y la artritis reumatoidea; enfermedades autoinmunes que afectan a diversos órganos y que tienen entre sus manifestaciones sistémicas más importantes las alteraciones hepáticas...


Subject(s)
Humans , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/diagnosis , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Hepatitis B Antibodies
17.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 32(3): 359-363, jul.-set. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-67429

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Se ha demostrado la participación de moléculas de adhesión, tanto en eritrocitos con hemoglobina SS, como en el endotelio vascular; así como factores plasmáticos en el fenómeno de vasoclusión en la drepanocitosis. La banda 3 se refiere a una familia de intercambiadores aniónicos presentes en la membrana de todas las células y organelos celulares, las que bajo ciertas condiciones se agregan en la superficie del eritrocito y son reconocidos por anticuerpos naturales como parte del mecanismo de eliminación de eritrocitos senescentes u oxidados.Objetivo: Evaluar la posible participación de los anticuerpos naturales antibanda 3 en el fenómeno oclusivo en la drepanocitosis.Métodos: Se realizó la determinación seriada de anticuerpos naturales antibanda 3 en 19 enfermos con drepanocitosis en diferentes estadios clínicos mediante un ensayo inmunoenzimático en microplacas acopladas con la proteína banda 3.Resultados: Se demostró una disminución significativa (p < 0.01) de anticuerpos naturales antibanda 3 en las muestras de los enfermos obtenidas en las fases de crisis vasoclusiva dolorosa, disminución que pudiera estar relacionada con un consumo elevado de estos en el proceso de eliminación de eritrocitos SS oxidados de la circulación sanguínea. Las muestras en estado basal se mantuvieron dentro de los límites normales.Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren la participación de los anticuerpos naturales antibanda 3 como elemento regulador de la no adhesión de los eritrocitos SS al endotelio vascular en esta enfermedad(AU)


Introduction : The involvement of adhesion molecules in erythrocytes with hemoglobin SS, in vascular endothelium and also plasma factors have been shown in the vasoocclusion phenomenon in sickle cell anemia (SCA). Band 3 refers to a family of anion exchangers present in the membrane of all cells and cellular organelles which under certain conditions cluster on the erythrocyte surface being recognized by natural antibodies as part of the mechanism of removal of senescent or oxidized erythrocytes.Objective : To evaluate the possible participation of natural anti band 3 antibodies in the occlusive phenomenon in SCA.Methods : A follow up study to determine the presence of natural band 3 antibodies in 19 patients with SCA in different clinical stages was performed using an enzyme immunoassay in microplates coupled with the band 3 protein.Results : Significant low levels (p<0.01) of natural band 3 antibodies were demonstrated in the samples of patients obtained in painful vasoocclusive crisis stages, decrease which may be related to a high consumption of antibodies in the process of removing oxidized SS erythrocytes from blood circulation. Steady state samples were within normal range. Conclusion: The results suggest the involvement of natural band 3 antibodies in the regulation of the adherence of SS erythrocytes to vascular endothelium in SCA(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Sickle Cell Trait , Antibodies
18.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 32(3): 364-374, jul.-set. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-67428

ABSTRACT

Introducción : Estudios previos muestran que la infusión de inmunoglobulina G (IgG) subcutánea (SC) presenta una eficacia similar a la IgG endovenosa (EV)para prevenir las infecciones en enfermos con inmunodeficiencias primarias (IDP),predominantemente de anticuerpos con deficiencias de IgG y que este tratamiento es seguro y bien tolerado.Objetivo : Evaluar la seguridad, efectividad y tolerancia del tratamiento con IgG SC en un grupo de pacientes con IDP con deficiencias de IgG demostrada, previamente tratados con IgG EV.Métodos : Se realizó un estudio multicéntrico de remplazo en la administración de IgG EV (Intacglobin, de producción nacional) a IgG SC (Gammanorm, Octhapharma) en pacientes con IDP con deficiencia de IgG. Se incluyeron 6 enfermos; 3 niños y 3 adultos, procedentes de diferentes instituciones del país. La dosis de IgG SC fue similar a la dosis global mensual previa de IgG EV, administrada en 4 dosis divididas con valor promedio de 108 mg/kg (rango entre 100-200) semanal, durante 36 semanas.Resultados : En los enfermos que no recibieron tratamiento con IgG EV y presentaban valores muy disminuidos, los niveles de IgG sérica alcanzaron valores normales para la edad. En el resto de los pacientes, que llevaban tratamiento con IgGEV en la semana anterior al estudio, los niveles de IgG sérica se incrementaron o se mantuvieron superiores a 7 g/Ldentro del rango normal. En todos los enfermos disminuyó la frecuencia y gravedad de las infecciones;durante el período de infusión de IgG SC,la tasa de infección disminuyóde 1.7 infecciones/sujeto/año a 0.5 y las infecciones fueron leves con buena respuesta al tratamiento. Todos los enfermos mantienen la administración de IgG SC domiciliaria con una buena respuesta.Conclusiones: El tratamiento de remplazo es bien tolerado y constituye una alternativa terapéutica efectiva para los enfermos con IDP(AU)


Introduction: Previous studies have shown that infusion of subcutaneous (SC) Immunoglobulin G (IgG) shows similar efficacy to intravenous IgG (IV) to prevent infections in IgG deficiency of primary immunodeficiencies (PID) patients and this treatment is safe and well tolerated.Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of treatment with SC IgG in a group of PID patients demonstrated deficient IgG, IgG pretreated with EV.Methods : This is the first multicenter study of SC (Gammanorm, Octhapharma) versus Intravenous (Intacglobín, national production) replacement therapy in PID patients in Cuba, 6 patients were included; 3 children and 3 adults, from different institutions in the country. SCIgG dose was similar to the previous month's overall dose of IgG IV, 4 doses divided, with a range of 108mg/ kg (range 100-200) administered weekly for 36 weeks.Results: Patients who were not receiving treatment IgG IV with serum IgG levels greatly diminished reached normal values ​​according to age range. In the patients who had treatment IgG IV in the week before the study, serum IgG levels were increased or superior to 7g/L. All the patients decreased the frequency and severity of infections, the infection rate of 1.7 infections / subject / year during the administration of IV IgG decreased to 0.5 during the infusion period of SC IgG infections and responded very well to treatment. All patients maintained the administration of SCIgG at home with a good answer.Conclusions: The SCIgG replacement therapy in PID patients is well tolerated and effective therapeutic alternative for patients with PID(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Immunoglobulin G/therapeutic use , Common Variable Immunodeficiency/therapy , IgA Deficiency/therapy , Cuba
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