ABSTRACT
Chylothorax is a rare condition after blunt trauma. We present a 32-year-olds man with a thoracic duct injury resulting in the right chylothorax after a motor vehicle collision. After the failure of conservative management, the patient underwent lymphangiography and successfully embolized the thoracic duct. This report emphasizes the importance of identifying thoracic duct injury in setting blunt trauma and management of this injury.
ABSTRACT
Red Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) is a popular medicinal herb commonly used in Vietnamese traditional remedies due to its potential value for health. In this study, polysaccharides were extracted from G. lucidum using ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction method. The response surface methodology and Box-Behnken design were employed to investigate the effects of pH, extraction temperature, extraction time, and ultrasonic power on the content of polysaccharides. Based on ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy analysis, the highest content of polysaccharides in the extract was 32.08 mg/g under optimum experimental parameters including enzyme concentration of 3%, pH of 5.5, extraction temperature of 45°C, extraction time of 30 min, and ultrasonic power of 480 W. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was also used to identify the functional groups in the extracts. The molecular weights of polysaccharides were determined by gel permeation chromatography. The obtained extract was then evaluated for anticancer activities by using (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, showing the anticancer activities with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of more than 512 µg/mL. This result suggested that UAEE could be considered as an appropriate and effective extraction method for bioactive crude polysaccharides from G. lucidum.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Reishi/chemistry , Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Asian People , Humans , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Surface Properties/drug effects , Temperature , Ultrasonic WavesABSTRACT
We report a rare case of tetralogy of Fallot with dextrocardia and anomalous coronary artery. Although this is an unusual complex disease, we have successfully repaired it with a combination of transatrial/transpulmonary and trans-right ventricle techniques.
