ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate the effect of inhibitors of the NF-kΒ alpha mutant gene (IkBaM) delivery to mensenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on rat chronic pancreatitis (CP). A total of 120 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 20: Group A was injected with sterile saline solution, Group B was injected with allogenic MSCs, Group C1 was injected with allogenic IkBαM-MSCs cultured in vitro 4 h before CP modeling, Group C2 was injected with allogenic IkBαM-MSCs cultured in vitro during CP modeling, Group C3 was cultured with allogenic IkBαM-MSCs cultured in vitro 4 h after CP modeling, and Group D was injected with rAAV2-MSCs. Cytokine levels of ICAM-1, CTGF, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, IL-10, FN, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 were examined. The results indicated that allogenic IκBαM-MSCs could reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and increase anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in CP. The allogenic IkBαM-MSCs reduced the activation and promoted the apoptosis of pancreatic stellate cells in the rat model of CP. IkBαM-MSCs influenced the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic stellate cells by regulating the activation of the PPAR, MAPK, mTOR, TGF-ß, NOD-like receptor, Notch, WNT, TGF-ß1-SMAD-2/3, and P53 signal transduction pathways.
Subject(s)
Genetic Therapy , I-kappa B Proteins/metabolism , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism , Pancreatitis, Chronic/therapy , Animals , Cytokines/genetics , Cytokines/metabolism , Dependovirus/genetics , Dependovirus/metabolism , I-kappa B Proteins/genetics , Mutation , NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum durum; 2n = 4x = 28; genome AABB) has long been an important food resource for human diets. The projected increase of the world's population to 9.1 billion by 2050 has highlighted the importance and urgency for improving the yield and quality performance of durum wheat. A backcrossed population, which was derived from the durum wheat variety 'Bellaroi' (recurrent parent) and the hexaploid genotype 'CSCR6' (donor parent), was used to investigate the feasibility of improving yield- and quality-related traits of durum wheat by introgressing chromosome fragments from hexaploid wheat. The population means for grain protein content, gluten content, spike length, and spikelet number were improved compared with those of the recurrent parent 'Bellaroi'. A small proportion of the backcross population lines showed significant improvements in spike length and spikelet number compared with the recurrent parent 'Bellaroi'. Some loci with significant effects for plant height, spike length, spikelet number, and thousand-grain weight were identified. Several of these loci affected more than one trait. These results showed that the introgression of chromosome fragments from 'CSCR6' into the durum genetic background could be an effective method for improving yield and quality traits of durum wheat. In addition, the loci showing significant effects on desired traits in this study could be fine mapped using an F2 population obtained by backcrossing the lines that carry the positive allele(s) with the recurrent parent.