Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure and Cation Type on the Chloride Ion Transport Rate in Marine Concrete: An Experimental Study.

The effect of hydrostatic pressure and cation type on chloride ion transport in marine underwater concrete cannot be ignored. The study of the chloride ion transport behavior of concrete under the effect of hydrostatic pressure and cation type coupling can provide a basis for durability design and the protection of marine concrete. In this work, the chloride ion transport behavior of marine concrete in four common chloride salt solutions under different hydrostatic pressures is studied by a hydrostatic pressure test device developed by the authors. The results show that hydrostatic pressure and its action time significantly influence the chloride ion transport behavior in marine concrete; the higher the hydrostatic pressure of concrete, the faster the chloride ion transport rate. The longer the time, the more chloride ions accumulated in the same position, and the farther the chloride ion transport distance. Cation type has a certain influence on the transport process of chloride ions. Under the same test conditions, the chloride ion transport rate in a divalent cation solution is about 5% higher than that in a monovalent cation solution. The results also show that the chloride ion binding capacity under hydrostatic pressure is only 10~20% of that under natural diffusion. Using the test results, a predictive model of a chloride ion apparent transport coefficient based on the hydrostatic pressure and hydrostatic pressure action time corrected by a cation type influence coefficient is established.

Construction of a Column Line Chart-Based Predictive Model for Postoperative Pulmonary Infection Severity in Tracheostomized Patients with Cranial Brain Injuries.

Objective: To explore the construction of a column line chart-based predictive model for postoperative pulmonary infection severity in tracheostomized patients with cranial brain injuries. Methods: The study included 187 patients with cranial brain injuries who underwent tracheostomy between December 2021 and June 2023. These patients were categorized into moderate-to-severe and mild groups based on the severity of postoperative pulmonary infections. Logistic regression analysis was employed to pinpoint the autonomous risk elements for the severity of postoperative pulmonary infection in tracheostomized patients with cranial brain injuries, and a column line chart predictive model was established using these identified independent risk factors. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were used to assess the predictive performance and clinical application potential of the column line chart model for postoperative pulmonary infection risk in tracheostomized patients with cranial brain injuries. Results: Among the 187 patients, 83 (44.39%) experienced moderate-to-severe pulmonary infection. Factors such as age ≥60 years, GCS score <8, a history of long-term smoking, ASA >II, non-washable tracheal tubes, malnutrition, using a ventilator, and longer operative time were more prevalent in the moderate-to-severe group compared to the mild group (P < .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥60 years, GCS score <8, a history of long-term smoking, ASA >II, non-washable tracheal tubes, malnutrition, using a ventilator, and longer operative time were independent risk factors for moderate-to-severe pulmonary infection in tracheostomized patients with cranial brain injuries (P < .05). Build a predictive model based on the above six independent risk factors and plot the ROC curve. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the AUC values for age ≥60 years, GCS score <8, a history of long-term smoking, ASA >II, non-washable tracheal tubes, malnutrition, using a ventilator, and longer operative time in the column line chart model were 0.578, 0.654, 0.711, 0.652, 0.892, 0.598, 0.712, and 0.752, respectively, indicating good predictive performance of the model. Conclusion: The column line chart-based predictive model for postoperative pulmonary infection severity in tracheostomized patients with cranial brain injuries has a high discriminative power and predictive accuracy. It provides a reliable and intuitive means of predicting the severity of postoperative pulmonary infections in these individuals, enabling healthcare personnel to implement timely intervention measures, thus reducing the occurrence of pulmonary infections.

A pan-cancer analysis reveals the diagnostic and prognostic role of CDCA2 in low-grade glioma.

BACKGROUND: Cell division cycle associated 2 (CDCA2), a member of the cell division cycle associated proteins (CDCA) family, is crucial in the regulation of cell mitosis and DNA repair. CDCA2 was extensively examined in our work to determine its role in a wide range of cancers. METHODS: CDCA2 differential expression was studied in pan-cancer and in diverse molecular and immunological subgroups in this research. Additionally, the diagnostic and prognostic significance of CDCA2 in pan-cancer was also evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves. Prognostic value of CDCA2 in distinct clinical subgroups of lower grade glioma (LGG) was also investigated and a nomogram was constructed. Lastly, potential mechanisms of action of CDCA2 were interrogated including biological functions, ceRNA networks, m6A modification and immune infiltration. RESULTS: CDCA2 is shown to be differentially expressed in a wide variety of cancers. Tumors are diagnosed and forecasted with a high degree of accuracy by CDCA2, and the quantity of expression CDCA2 is linked to the prognosis of many cancers. Additionally, the expression level of CDCA2 in various subgroups of LGG is also closely related to prognosis. The results of enrichment analyses reveal that CDCA2 is predominantly enriched in the cell cycle, mitosis, and DNA replication. Subsequently, hsa-miR-105-5p is predicted to target CDCA2. In addition, 4 lncRNAs were identified that may inhibit the hsa-miR-105-5p/CDCA2 axis in LGG. Meanwhile, CDCA2 expression is shown to be associated to m6A-related genes and levels of immune cell infiltration in LGG. CONCLUSION: CDCA2 can serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis in pan-cancer, especially in LGG. For the development of novel targeted therapies in LGG, it may be a potential molecular target. However, to be sure, we'll need to do additional biological experiments to back up our results from bioinformatic predictions.

[Chronic spontaneous urticaria treated with bloodletting therapy and auricular point sticking on the base of xuanfu theory: a randomized controlled trial].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical therapeutic effect and the impacts on recurrence rate on chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) between the combined treatment of bloodletting therapy and auricular point sticking on the base of xuanfu theory and the oral solution of levocetirizine hydrochloride. METHODS: A total of 86 patients with CSU were randomized into an observation group (43 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (43 cases, 3 cases dropped off). In the observation group, bloodletting therapy at Dazhui (GV 14), Feishu (BL 13), Geshu (BL 17) and Pishu (BL 20) was combined with auricular point sticking at lung (CO14), kidney (CO10), shenmen (TF4) and heart (CO15), etc. This combined treatment was given once every two days. In the control group, the oral solution of levocetirizine hydrochloride was prescribed, 10 mL each time, once daily. The treatment lasted for 4 weeks in the two groups. Before and after treatment, urticaria activity score 7 (UAS7), the score of dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and the levels of serum immune globulin E (IgE), interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) were compared in the patients between the two groups. The clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated in patients of the two groups and the recurrence rate was followed up 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment separately. RESULTS: After treatment, the scores of UAS7 and DLQI, as well as the levels of serum IgE and IL-4 were all reduced as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), and the level of serum IFN-γ was increased (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 83.3% (35/42) in the observation group and was 85.0% (34/40) in the control group. There was no statistical significance for the difference in the clinical therapeutic effect between the two groups (P>0.05). Eight and 12 weeks after treatment, the recurrence rates were 21.1% (4/19) and 26.3% (5/19) in the observation group, lower than 55.0% (11/20) and 65.0% (13/20) in the control group, respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The combined therapy of bloodletting and auricular point sticking on the base of xuanfu theory relieves the clinical symptoms, regulates the levels of serum IgE, IL-4 and IFN-γ and improves the quality of life in the patients with CSU. The clinical therapeutic effect of this combined treatment is similar to the oral solution of levocetirizine hydrochloride. But, the recurrence rate of the combined treatment of bloodletting and auricular point sticking is lower and its long-term curative effect is better.

Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure and Cationic Type on the Diffusion Behavior of Chloride in Concrete.

The durability of the concrete in underground and marine engineering is affected by the underground and ocean environment. Chloride diffusion coefficient under hydrostatic pressure is a key parameter of concrete durability design under corresponding conditions. Therefore, this paper studies the diffusion behavior of chloride in different diffusion source solutions by experiment and simulation. Based on the experimental results, this paper proposes a new chloride diffusion model under the coupling effect of diffusion and convection. The interaction of ions and compounds in the diffusion source solutions, concrete pore fluid, and concrete material are considered in the new chloride diffusion model. The experimental results show that chloride diffusion rate is significantly affected by hydrostatic pressure, which increases with the increase of hydrostatic pressure. The chloride diffusion coefficient shows a certain difference in difference diffusion source solutions. The chloride diffusion coefficient in divalent cationic diffusion source solutions is the largest, the chloride diffusion coefficient in the divalent and monovalent cationic compound ones is in the middle, and the chloride diffusion coefficient in the monovalent cationic ones is the smallest. There is a linear relationship between the chloride diffusion coefficient and the hydrostatic pressure whether in single or combined cationic diffusion source solutions.

Advantages of Small Bone-Window Craniotomy Under Microscope Combined Postoperative Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in the Treatment of Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical effect of small bone-window craniotomy with microscope combined postoperative ICP monitoring, and further explore an appropriate treatment for HICH patients. METHODS: One hundred fifty patients with HICH were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into 3 groups at random, 50 each group. Patients in 3 groups were treated with conventional craniotomy, small bone-window craniotomy and small bone-window craniotomy combined ICP monitoring respectively. The surgical efficiency, treatment effect and outcomes were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: The intraoperative blood loss and operation time of small window groups were significantly less than that of conventional group, and the hematoma clearance rate in small window groups were significantly higher than in conventional group (P < 0.05). Compared with conventional group, the hospital stays and mannitol dose used were less in small window groups and least in small window combined ICP monitoring group (P < 0.05). The complication rate in small window combined ICP monitoring group was 10%, which was significantly lower than in conventional group (26%, P < 0.05), while no significant difference was found between small window group (18%) compared with the other 2 groups respectively (P > 0.05). The difference of morality rate between 3 groups wasn't significant (P > 0.05). Three treatment significantly increased the Barthel index score, and the improvement of small window combined ICP monitoring group was significantly higher than in other 2 groups respectively (P < 0.05), while the difference between this two groups wasn't significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Small bone-window craniotomy is more efficient and convenient than conventional craniotomy in the treatment of HICH. In the meantime, small bone-window craniotomy simultaneous with ICP monitoring significantly improved clinical effect and treatment outcomes of HICH patients.

Rheological Behavior of Amino-Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Polyacrylonitrile Concentrated Solutions and Crystal Structure of Composite Fibers.

The rheological behavior of amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (amino-CNTs)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) concentrated solutions in the dimethyl sulphoxide solvent and the effects of the amino-CNTs on the PAN precursor fibers by wet-spinning method were investigated. The amino-CNT/PAN concentrated solutions prepared by in situ solution polymerization with homogeneous dispersion of amino-CNTs have higher complex viscosity, storage modulus and loss modulus as compared to the control PAN concentrated solutions containing 22% PAN polymer by mass. The composite fibers with amino-CNTs of 1 wt % have lower degree of crystallization, crystal size and crystal region orientation compared to the control PAN precursor fibers. However, the amino-CNT/PAN composite fibers with diameter of about 10.5 µm exhibit higher mechanical properties than the control PAN precursor fibers with diameter of about 8.0 µm. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the cyclization reaction in composite fibers have broad exothermic temperature range and low exothermic rate. These results indicate that the addition of amino-CNTs into PAN precursor fibers is beneficial to controlling the process of thermal stabilization and obtaining the higher performance of composite fibers.

Separation and determination of triclosan and bisphenol A in water, beverage, and urine samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with capillary zone electrophoresis-UV detection.

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with capillary zone electrophoresis-UV detection was developed for analyzing triclosan (TCS) and bisphenol A (BPA) in water, beverage, and urine samples. The factors influencing microextraction efficiencies, such as the kind and volume of extraction and dispersive solvent, the extraction time, and the salt effect, were optimized. A background electrolyte composed of 8 mM sodium tetraborate at pH 9.8 was used as the running buffer. Detection was performed at 214 nm. Under the optimum conditions (sample volume, 5.0 mL; extraction solvent, tetrachloroethane, 22.0 microL; dispersive solvent, tetrahydrofuran, 1.0 mL; extraction time, fewer than 5 s; and without salt addition), the enrichment factors were 110.2 and 82.0 for TCS and BPA, respectively. The linear range was 0.02-2 microg/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.9966-0.9969. LODs were in the range of 4.0-8.0 ng/mL. The environmental water, beverage, and urine samples (at spiking levels of 0.1 and 0.4 microg/mL) were successfully analyzed by the proposed method; the recoveries compared to previous methods were in the range of 81.2-103.3%. As a result, this method can be successfully applied for the rapid and convenient determination of TCS and BPA in water, beverage, and urine samples.

Effect of BDE-209 on glutathione system in Carassius auratus.

In this study, the oxidative stress induced by deca-polybromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was investigated in livers of Carassius auratus. Six groups of fish were exposed to blank and 0, 0.004, 0.04, 0.4, 4 µM BDE-209 (in 0.1% DMSO) for 1, 4, 7, 10, 13 d, respectively. The following oxidative stress markers were analyzed: reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidases (GPx) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). No significant difference was observed in the content of GSH over the whole period of exposure (p > 0.05). Increases in hepatic GR and GPx activities were in concomitant with the decrease in GST activity. GR activity was induced after 1 d exposure, while GPx activity reached maximum at 4 d after exposure to 0.04 µM BDE-209 and GST activity was significantly inhibited at 7-13 d in all the treatment groups (0.004-4 µM group).

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in milk.

An effective multi-residue pretreatment technique, solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), was proposed for the trace analysis of 14 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in milk samples using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Interesting analytes in milk samples were extracted with hexane after protein precipitation. The hexane extracts were loaded on an LC-Florisil column to isolate analytes from the milk matrix. The elutes were dried and dissolved in acetone, which was used as the disperser solvent in subsequent DLLME procedures. The effects of several important parameters on the extraction efficiency were evaluated. Under the optimized conditions, a linear relationship was obtained in the range of 0.02-10.00 µg/L (PCBs) and 0.5-100.00 µg/L (PBDEs). The LOD (S/N=3) and relative standard deviations (RSDs, n=5) for all analytes were 0.01-0.4 µg/L and 0.6-8.5%, respectively. The recoveries of the standards added to raw bovine milk samples were 74.0-131.8%, and the repeatabilities of the analysis results were 1.12-17.41%. This method has been successfully applied to estimating PCBs and PBDEs in milk samples.

N-[(3,5-Dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)meth-yl]phthalimide.

The title compound {systematic name: 2-[(3,5-dimenthylpyrazol-1-yl)meth-yl]isoindole-1,3-dione}, C(14)H(13)N(3)O(2), was prepared by reaction of N-(bromo-meth-yl)phthalimide and 3,5-dimethyl-pyrazole in chloro-form solution. The mol-ecular structure and packing are stabilized by intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding and C-H⋯π inter-actions.

N-(Imidazol-1-ylmeth-yl)phthalimide.

THE TITLE COMPOUND [SYSTEMATIC NAME: 2-(imidazol-1-ylmeth-yl)isoindole-1,3-dione], C(12)H(9)N(3)O(2), was prepared by reaction of N-(bromo-meth-yl)phthalimide and imidazole in chloro-form solution. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak inter-molecular C-H⋯π inter-actions and inter-molecular π-π inter-actions with centroid-centroid distances in the range 3.6469 (8)-3.8831 (9) Å.

N-(1H-1,2,3-Benzotriazol-1-ylmeth-yl)phthalimide.

THE TITLE COMPOUND [SYSTEMATIC NAME: 2-(1H-1,2,3-benzotriazol-1-ylmeth-yl)isoindole-1,3-dione], C(15)H(10)N(4)O(2), was prepared by the reaction of 1H-benzotriazole and 2-bromo-methyl-isoindole-1,3-dione. The benzotriazole and isoindole units are almost planar and make a dihedral angle of 70.2 (1)° (mean planes include C and N atoms). A weak C-H⋯O intra-molecular hydrogen bond involving a carbonyl O atom as acceptor stabilizes the observed mol-ecular conformation.