Observation of the effect of angiojet to treat acute lower extremity arterial embolization.

BACKGROUND: Through significant advances in the treatment of peripheral arterial occlusive disease, acute ischemia of the lower extremity is still associated with significant morbidity, limb threat and mortality. The two main causes of acute ischemia in lower extremities are arterial embolism and atherosclerotic arteries. Timely recognition and treatment of acute limb ischemia in emergency situations is essential in order to minimize the duration of ischemia. AIM: To investigate the application effect of angiojet thrombolysis in the treatment of acute lower extremity arterial embolization. METHODS: Sixty-two patients with acute lower extremity arterial embolization admitted to our hospital from May 2018 to May 2020 were selected. Among them, the observation group (twenty-eight cases) had received angiojet thrombolysis, and the control group (thirty-four cases) had received femoral artery incision and thrombectomy. After thrombus clearance, significant residual stenosis of the lumen was combined with balloon dilation and/or stent implantation. When the thrombus removal was not satisfactory, catheter-directed thrombolysis was performed. The incidence of postoperative complications, recurrence rate and recovery of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in postoperative recurrence (target vessel reconstruction rate), anklebrachial index and the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05); there were statistically significant differences in postoperative pain score and postoperative rehabilitation between the two groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The application of angiojet in the treatment of acute lower limb artery thromboembolism disease is safe and effective, minimally invasive, quicker recovery after operation, less postoperative complications, which is more suitable for the treatment of femoral popliteal arterial thromboembolism lesions. If the thrombus removal is not satisfactory, the combination of coronary artery aspiration catheter and catheterized directed thrombolysis can be used. Balloon dilation and stent implantation can be considered for obvious lumen stenosis.

Effect of Pathogenesis-Based Individualized Thrombectomy on Treatment Result and Prognosis of Acute Intracranial Large-Artery Occlusion Patients.

AIM: To explore the effect of pathogenesis-based individualised thrombectomy on the clinical results and prognoses of acute intracranial large-artery occlusion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 151 patients were included in this prospective study and divided into the control group (stent thrombectomy, 53 cases), a direct aspiration first pass technique (ADAPT) group (52 cases) and the stent group (stent thrombectomy or a combination of stent thrombectomy and ADAPT, 46 cases) based on whether stent or ADAPT was used. We compared and analysed the patients? general information, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NHISS) score at admission, the time between the end of arteriography and revascularisation, the number of thrombectomies, the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at three months and complications in the three groups. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the time between the end of arteriography and revascularisation in the ADAPT group was significantly reduced (p < 0.05), and the patency rate after one thrombectomy significantly increased (p < 0.05). The positive prognosis rate was significantly increased in the stent and ADAPT groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The application of the ADAPT technique in patients with embolism-induced cerebral infarction can reduce the time of revascularisation. The use of stents in patients with atherosclerosis-induced cerebral infarction can increase the patency rate after one thrombectomy.

Cardiac myxoma shedding leads to lower extremity arterial embolism: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Left cardiac myxoma (CM) is the most common benign tumor of primary cardiac tumors, but because of its special position caused by pathological physiology change, caused by the complications of the heavier, the surface is often accompanied by blood clots, once fall out, it causes peripheral vascular embolization, such as acute lower limb artery embolization, harmfulness is large, high morbidity, and easy to occur repeatedly. CASE SUMMARY: A 67-year-old male patient suddenly appeared numbness and weakness of the left lower limb and could not walk without obvious incentive. The patient was finally diagnosed as left CM complicated with acute lower limb arterial embolism after completing cardiac ultrasound, computer tomography angiography, and histopathological analysis, such as hematoxylin-eosin stain staining, immunohistochemistry and special staining including alcian blue staining and periodic acid schiff staining. Arterial thrombosis was removed successfully by femoral artery thrombectomy, postoperative numbness and weakness of the patient's left lower limb disappeared, skin temperature became warm, and dorsal foot artery pulsation was accessible. The patient was readmitted to the hospital 8 mo after discharge for left atrial mass resection, and was diagnosed as CM by postoperative histopathological examination. CONCLUSION: Although CM is rare, it may be considered as the source of embolism in patients with acute limb ischemia. Repeated loss of thrombus on the tumor and its surface may lead to repeated embolism of peripheral vessels. Cardiac ultrasound is helpful for early diagnosis. Here, we use this case report to highlight left CM as an important cause of acute limb ischemia and to report our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of lower limb arterial embolism caused by CM detachment.

Intravascular fasciitis involving the external jugular vein and subclavian vein: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Intravascular fasciitis (IVF) is a rare nodular fasciitis that often involves the layers and lumens of blood vessels; therefore, it is easily misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor with invasion into blood vessels. CASE SUMMARY: A 13-year-old boy was admitted due to a mass on the left side of his neck. Duplex ultrasonography revealed a circular solid hypoechoic mass in the external jugular vein, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enhanced longitudinal mass-like lesion in the left supraclavicular fossa. Surgical treatment was arranged and completed, histopathological analysis showed a large amount of spindle cell proliferation, and immunohistochemistry showed that the spindle cells were positive for the expression of vimentin, caldesmon, and smooth muscle actin and negative for the expression of S-100 protein, desmin, CD34, and c-kit; Ki-67 staining revealed a low proliferative index (5%-10%), which confirmed the differentiation characteristics of myofibroblasts. Fluorescence in situ hybridization detected the rearrangement of USP6. IVF was subsequently diagnosed. CONCLUSION: IVF is characterized by intraluminal, intramural and extramural involvement of small to large arteries or veins. Unless the doctor has a deep understanding of the disease or suspects that there is an initial indicator, IVF may be confused with other intravascular malignancies, leading to unnecessary radical surgery. Imaging examination combined with histopathological examination can improve the diagnostic accuracy of this disease.

Preparation of graphene quantum dots with glycine as nitrogen source and its interaction with human serum albumin.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) could be regarded as graphene with a lateral dimension less than 100 nm. Compared with graphene, GQDs not only possess the excellent properties of graphene but also have been proven to have low toxicity, high fluorescence stability, strong water solubility, as well as better biocompatibility. In this work, an amide bond-based, N-doped graphene quantum dot was synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method. When the reaction time was 4 h and the temperature was 180°C, fluorescence excitation and emission peaks of the product were 340 nm and 450 nm, respectively. Its interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated using spectroscopy, gel electrophoresis, and molecular simulation. Gel electrophoresis showed that the product did not cause complete scission of the peptide chain in HSA, indicating good biocompatibility. The results of molecular docking showed that the product tended to bind to site III of HSA. This paper provides a meaningful reference for design and development in nanomedicine.

A sensitive fluorescent sensor based on the photoinduced electron transfer mechanism for cefixime and ctDNA.

Cefixime is a third generation orally administered cephalosporin that is frequently used as a broad spectrum antibiotic against various gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In this study, a simple and sensitive fluorescent sensor for the determination of the cefixime and ctDNA was established based on the CdTe:Zn2+ quantum dots (QDs). The fluorescence of CdTe:Zn2+ QDs can be effectively quenched by cefixime in virtue of the surface binding of cefixime on CdTe:Zn2+ QDs and the subsequent photoinduced electron transfer process from CdTe:Zn2+ QDs to cefixime, in particular, the high sensitivity of QDs fluorescence emission to cefixime at the micromole per liter level, which render the cefixime-CdTe:Zn2+ QDs system into fluorescence "OFF" status, then turn on in the presence of ctDNA. Furthermore, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of characteristic bands of C-N and N-H groups of cefixime endow evidence for the interaction of cefixime with CdTe:Zn2+ QDs. The relative electrochemical behavior of the affinity of CdTe:Zn2+ QDs for cefixime and ctDNA reveals the potential molecular binding mechanism.

Effect of berberine hydrochloride-functionalized gold nanoparticles on calf thymus DNA: a biophysical study.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Expression and functional analyses of a Kinesin gene GhKIS13A1 from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fiber.

BACKGROUND: Cotton fiber, a natural fiber widely used in the textile industry, is differentiated from single cell of ovule epidermis. A large number of genes are believed to be involved in fiber formation, but so far only a few fiber genes have been isolated and functionally characterized in this developmental process. The Kinesin13 subfamily was found to play key roles during cell division and cell elongation, and was considered to be involved in the regulation of cotton fiber development. RESULTS: The full length of coding sequence of GhKIS13A1 was cloned using cDNA from cotton fiber for functional characterization. Expression pattern analysis showed that GhKIS13A1 maintained a lower expression level during cotton fiber development. Biochemical assay showed that GhKIS13A1 has microtubule binding activity and basal ATPase activity that can be activated significantly by the presence of microtubules. Overexpression of GhKIS13A1 in Arabidopsis reduced leaf trichomes and the percentage of three-branch trichomes, and increased two-branch and shriveled trichomes compared to wild-type. Additionally, the expression of GhKIS13A1 in the Arabidopsis Kinesin-13a-1 mutant rescued the defective trichome branching pattern of the mutant, making its overall trichome branching pattern back to normal. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that GhKIS13A1 is functionally compatible with AtKinesin-13A regarding their role in regulating the number and branching pattern of leaf trichomes. Given the developmental similarities between cotton fibers and Arabidopsis trichomes, it is speculated that GhKIS13A1 may also be involved in the regulation of cotton fiber development.

Role of Yes-associated protein 1 in gliomas: pathologic and therapeutic aspects.

The activation of proline-rich phosphoprotein Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) possesses a possible link between stem/progenitor cells, organ size, and cancer. YAP1 has been indicated as an oncoprotein, and overexpression of YAP1 is reported in many human brain tumors, including infiltrating gliomas. During normal brain development, the neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) protein suppresses YAP1 activity in neural progenitor cells to promote guidepost cell differentiation, but loss of NF2 causes elevating YAP1 activity in midline neural progenitors, which disrupts guidepost formation. Overexpression of endogenous CD44 (cancer stem cell marker) promotes phosphorylation/inactivation of NF2, and upregulates YAP1 expression and leads to cancer cell resistance in glioblastoma. The hippo pathway is also related to the YAP1 action. However, the mechanism of YAP1 action in glioma is still far from clear understanding. Advances in clinical management based on an improved understanding of the function of YAP1 may help to serve as a molecular target in glioma therapeutics. Knockdown of YAP1 by shRNA technology has been shown to reduce glioma in vitro; however, clinical implications are still under investigation. YAP1 can be used as a diagnostic marker for gliomas to monitor the disease status and may help to evaluate its treatment effects. More functional experiments are needed to support the direct roles of YAP1 on gliomas at molecular and cellular levels.

Silencing the HaAK gene by transgenic plant-mediated RNAi impairs larval growth of Helicoverpa armigera.

Insect pests have caused noticeable economic losses in agriculture, and the heavy use of insecticide to control pests not only brings the threats of insecticide resistance but also causes the great pollution to foods and the environment. Transgenic plants producing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) directed against insect genes have been is currently developed for protection against insect pests. In this study, we used this technology to silence the arginine kinase (AK) gene of Helicoverpa armigera (HaAK), encoding a phosphotransferase that plays a critical role in cellular energy metabolism in invertebrate. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants producing HaAK dsRNA were generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The maximal mortality rate of 55% was reached when H. armigera first-instar larvae were fed with transgenic plant leaves for 3 days, which was dramatically higher than the 18% mortality recorded in the control group. Moreover, the ingestion of transgenic plants significantly retarded larval growth, and the transcript levels of HaAK were also knocked down by up to 52%. The feeding bioassays further indicated that the inhibition efficiency was correlated with the integrity and concentration of the produced HaAK dsRNA in transgenic plants. These results strongly show that the resistance to H. armigera was improved in transgenic Arabidopsis plants, suggesting that the RNAi targeting of AK has the potential for the control of insect pests.

Identification of the proteins in green cotton fiber using a proteomics-based approach.

The proteome of 21 DPA (days post-anthesis) of green cotton fiber was analyzed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to yield the first reference proteome map. Of 220 individual spots that were excised and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS, 156 were identified and cataloged according to their functions. Twelve classes of proteins were identified. Many of these proteins were related to carbohydrate metabolism and energy production. Other notable functional classes included oxidoreductase, cell wall-related and cytoskeleton proteins. This study gives a snapshot of the proteome in 21 DPA green cotton fiber and advances our understanding of molecular mechanisms related to pigment biosynthesis in green cotton fiber.

AtPUB19, a U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase, negatively regulates abscisic acid and drought responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Ubiquitination is an important protein post-translational modification, which is involved in various cellular processes in higher plants, and U-box E3 ligases play important roles in diverse functions in eukaryotes. Here, we describe the functions of Arabidopsis thaliana PUB19 (AtPUB19), which we demonstrated in an in vitro assay to encode a U-box type E3 ubiquitin ligase. AtPUB19 was up-regulated by drought, salt, cold, and abscisic acid (ABA). Down-regulation of AtPUB19 led to hypersensitivity to ABA, enhanced ABA-induced stomatal closing, and enhanced drought tolerance, while AtPUB19 overexpression resulted in the reverse phenotypes. Molecular analysis showed that the expression levels of a number of ABA and stress marker genes were altered in both AtPUB19 overexpressing and atpub19-1 mutant plants. In summary, our data show that AtPUB19 negatively regulates ABA and drought responses in A. thaliana.

[Measurement of regional cerebral metabolism rate of glucose in patients with Alzheimer's disease in different levels of severity].

OBJECTIVE: To measure the changes of regional cerebral metabolism rate of glucose (rCMRglc) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and explore their value to diagnosis of AD. METHODS: 10 patients with AD who met the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV and 10 normal controls (NC) were assessed with (18)F-2-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (PET). RESULTS: The two groups were matched in age, gender and education. The mean total scores of the mini-mental status examination (MMSE) were 16.5 +/- 6.1 for AD and 28.7 +/- 1.6 for NC. The mean total memory quotient of Wechsler Memory Scales (MQ) were 32.3 +/- 19.6 for AD and 93.1 +/- 9.0 for NC. Comparing to NC, the AD groups showed statistically significant decline of rCMRglc in frontal lobe, temporal lobe and the hippocampal formation with decreased rates ranged from 3.3% to 28.4% (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The hypo-metabolism was more salient in the regions of upper and middle frontal gyri, middle temporal gyrus, orbital gyrus and anterior cingulate gyrus, in which areas the metabolism decreased over 20% compared to NC. The hypo-metabolism was correlated to the severity of dementia. Discriminant analysis demonstrated that the variables of right inferior temporal gyrus, left upper temporal gyrus, left hippocampus and right insular lobe were entered into the discriminant functions and the total discriminant accuracy reached 100%. CONCLUSIONS: (18)F-FDG PET is a very sensitive tool in measurement of the changes of rCMRglc in patients with AD. The findings show a frontal-temporal type of metabolism in AD patients and suggest that hypo-metabolism in hippocampal formation and temporal lobe is helpful in early detection of AD.