ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction Tympanoplasty techniques with different types of graft have been used to close tympanic perforations since the 19th century. Tragal cartilage and temporalis fascia are the most frequently used types of graft. They lead to similar functional and morphological results in most cases. Although little published evidence is present, nasal mucosa has also been shown to be a good alternative graft. Objective Surgical and audiological outcomes at the six-month follow-up in type I tympanoplasty using nasal mucosa and temporalis fascia grafts were analyzed. Methods A total of 40 candidates for type I tympanoplasty were randomly selected and divided into the nasal mucosa and temporalis fascia graft groups with 20 in each group. The assessed parameters included surgical success; the rate of complete closure of tympanic perforation and hearing results; the difference between post- and pre-operative mean quadritonal airway-bone gap, six months after surgery. Results Complete closure of the tympanic perforation was achieved in 17 of 20 patients in both groups. The mean quadritonal airway-bone gap closures were11.9 and 11.1 dB for the nasal mucosa and temporalis fascia groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion The nasal mucosa graft can be considered similar to the temporal fascia when considering the surgical success rate of graft acceptance and ultimate audiological gain.
Resumo Introdução Técnicas de timpanoplastia com diferentes tipos de enxerto têm sido usadas para fechar perfurações timpânicas desde o século XIX. A cartilagem tragal e a fáscia temporal são os tipos de enxerto mais usados, com resultados funcionais e morfológicos semelhantes na maioria dos casos. Embora ainda com poucas evidências publicadas, a mucosa nasal tem se mostrado uma boa opção de enxerto. Objetivo Comparar os resultados cirúrgicos e audiológicos da timpanoplastia tipo I com enxerto de mucosa nasal e de fáscia temporal em seis meses de seguimento. Método Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 40 pacientes candidatos a timpanoplastia tipo I divididos nos grupos enxerto de mucosa nasal e de fáscia temporal com 20 em cada grupo. Os parâmetros avaliados incluíram sucesso cirúrgico, ou seja, a taxa de fechamento completo da perfuração timpânica, e resultados audiológicos; diferença entre o gap quadritonal médio do gap aéreo-ósseo pré e pós-operatório após seis meses da cirurgia. Resultados O fechamento completo da perfuração timpânica foi alcançado em 17 de 20 pacientes no grupo mucosa nasal, como também no grupo fáscia temporal. O ganho quadritonal médio do gap aéreo-ósseo foi de 11,9 dB no grupo mucosa nasal e 11,1 dB no grupo fáscia temporal, respectivamente. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos. Conclusão O enxerto de mucosa nasal pode ser considerado semelhante ao da fáscia temporal quando se considera o sucesso cirúrgico de pega do enxerto e o ganho audiológico.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Tympanoplasty techniques with different types of graft have been used to close tympanic perforations since the 19th century. Tragal cartilage and temporalis fascia are the most frequently used types of graft. They lead to similar functional and morphological results in most cases. Although little published evidence is present, nasal mucosa has also been shown to be a good alternative graft. OBJECTIVE: Surgical and audiological outcomes at the six-month follow-up in type I tympanoplasty using nasal mucosa and temporalis fascia grafts were analyzed. METHODS: A total of 40 candidates for type I tympanoplasty were randomly selected and divided into the nasal mucosa and temporalis fascia graft groups with 20 in each group. The assessed parameters included surgical success; the rate of complete closure of tympanic perforation and hearing results; the difference between post- and pre-operative mean quadritonal airway-bone gap, six months after surgery. RESULTS: Complete closure of the tympanic perforation was achieved in 17 of 20 patients in both groups. The mean quadritonal airway-bone gap closures were11.9 and 11.1â¯dB for the nasal mucosa and temporalis fascia groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSION: The nasal mucosa graft can be considered similar to the temporal fascia when considering the surgical success rate of graft acceptance and ultimate audiological gain.