ABSTRACT
La situación de salud y percepción de riesgos de las comunidades indígenas se mide por el grado sociodemográfico y estudio etnográfico. Nuestra población en estudio El Calvario es la única comunidad indígena Mixteca de Chilpancingo, Guerrero, conformada por 21 familias que se dedican a la agricultura, producción de maguey y mezcal, y elaboración de algunas artesanías de palma. El objetivo fue estudiar las condiciones de Calidad de Vida y percepción de riesgos en dos grupos vulnerables adultos y niños. En el caso de los adultos, se hizo por encuestas y en el caso de los niños se usó el dibujo. En los habitantes se perciben en riesgos de salud y de perder su identidad indígena, debido a que solo hablan su lengua materna los adultos, no saben leer y ni escribir. Así mismo, es inminente el riesgo de sufrir daños materiales debido a que las viviendas no son adecuadas. La migración de jóvenes, la perdida de cultura, el padecer enfermedades metabólicas debido a la dieta alta en refrescos. Así mismo, los niños expresaron las deficiencias educativas. Finalmente, la población en general se encuentra olvidada por los organismos de gobierno actuales, en riesgo sanitario, y de perdida de cultura ya que los jóvenes migrarán a otros lugares a buscar nuevas oportunidades. Es un fuerte llamado de atención a la sociedad ya que, de no actuar en consecuencia con dicha problemática, se perdería la única comunidad Mixteca en Chilpancingo, Guerrero.(AU)
The health situation and risk perception of indigenous communities is measured by sociodemographic grade and ethnographic study. Our study population "El Calvario" is the only Mixtec indigenous community in Chilpancingo, Guerrero, made up of 21 families that are dedicated to agriculture, production of maguey and mezcal, and making some palm handicrafts. The objective was to study the conditions of Quality of Life and risk perception in two vulnerable groups, adults and children. In the case of adults, it was done through surveys and in the case of children, drawing was used. The inhabitants are perceived as being at risk of health and of losing their indigenous identity, because only adults speak their mother tongue, they do not know how to read and write. Likewise, the risk of suffering material damage is imminent due to the inadequate housing. The migration of young people, the loss of culture, suffering from metabolic diseases due to a diet high in soft drinks. Likewise, the children expressed educational deficiencies. Finally, the general population is forgotten by current government agencies, at risk of health, and loss of culture as young people will migrate to other places to seek new opportunities. It is a strong call for attention to society since, if it does not act accordingly, the only Mixtec community in Chilpancingo, Guerrero, would be lost.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Risk , 50227 , Health of Indigenous Peoples/legislation & jurisprudence , Health of Indigenous Peoples/statistics & numerical data , Mexico , Risk Groups , Perception , 29161 , Indigenous Culture , Educational Status , Health of Ethnic Minorities , Anthropology, Cultural , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
After the identification of HIV-2 in 1986, most of the cases reported have been concentrated in West Africa. We identified a case of HIV-2 infection in São Paulo, Brazil of a 45-year-old female who presented with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, with a CD4 count of 22 cells/ml. DNA samples from this patient were subjected to end-point PCR amplification of the LTR region. Clones were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analyses. All clones were subtype A related, and four presented an insertion, corresponding to an extra NF-kappaB site. This is the first confirmed case report of an HIV-2-infected subject identified in Brazil whose transmission occurred within the country. Furthermore, the NF-kappaB duplication would potentially be associated with an increase in viral cytopathogenicity. This raises concern for the need for permanent monitoring of the spread of HIV-2 in different areas of the world, even considering its lower rate of transmission and pathogenicity when compared to HIV-1.