ABSTRACT
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity results in bone loss associated with an imbalanced gut microbiota and altered immune status. Probiotics are live microorganisms that are beneficial to the host and are important in maintaining bone health and gut homeostasis. In this study, the probiotic Lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. torquens (T3L) was isolated from traditional yak milk cheese produced in Lhasa and showed distinct acid and bile salt resistance as potential probiotics. Our data indicated that T3L not only reversed HFD-induced gut dysbiosis, as indicated by decreased Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratios but also reduced bone loss. The anti-obesity, microbiome-modulating, and bone-protective effects were transmissible via horizontal faeces transfer from T3L-treated mice to HFD-fed mice. The protective effects of T3L on bone mass were associated with regulatory T (Treg) cell-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. Our data indicate that T3L is a regulator of the gut microbiota and bone homeostasis in an animal model.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Insulin Resistance , Probiotics , Animals , Mice , Mice, Obese , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Obesity , Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects , Probiotics/pharmacology , Mice, Inbred C57BLABSTRACT
Uterine rupture is a life-threatening obstetrical complication with significant neonatal and maternal morbidity. The authors report a 36-year-old woman with a history of previous caesarean section because of pre-eclampsia and antepartum haemorrhage at 31 gestational weeks during her first pregnancy. Postpartum haemorrhage occurred and the uterine cavity was packed with gauze for reducing blood loss. After two years, she underwent elective, repeat caesarean section at 38+1 gestational weeks with no abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding. During the operation, a six- to seven-cm-long defect was found in the lower uterine segment, with complete separation of the uterine scar and disruption of the visceral peritoneum. A live baby was delivered. The postoperative course was uneventful. Uterine dehiscence and rupture should be suspected in the presence of risk factors such as previous caesarean section, especially uterine packing involved. Spontaneous silent rupture can occur in women without any alarming symptoms.