ABSTRACT
The pathogenesis of osteoporosis involves multiple factors, among which alterations in the bone microenvironment play a crucial role in disrupting normal bone metabolic balance. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5), a member of the TRPV family, is an essential determinant of the bone microenvironment, acting at multiple levels to influence its properties. TRPV5 exerts a pivotal influence on bone through the regulation of calcium reabsorption and transportation while also responding to steroid hormones and agonists. Although the metabolic consequences of osteoporosis, such as loss of bone calcium, reduced mineralization capacity, and active osteoclasts, have received significant attention, this review focuses on the changes in the osteoporotic microenvironment and the specific effects of TRPV5 at various levels.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents , Osteoporosis , Humans , Calcium/metabolism , Calcium Channels/metabolism , Osteoporosis/metabolism , Osteoclasts , Bone and Bones/metabolism , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , TRPV Cation ChannelsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Conbercept is a new anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drug approved for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) in 2013. In this study, we for the first time evaluated the concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) after patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy were treated with intravitreal conbercept (IVC) injection. METHODS: Sixteen patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy were randomly divided into two equal groups (A and B). Nine patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were used as the control group. The patients in group A received 0.5 mg IVC and their aqueous humor was collected. After 7 days, all patients underwent vitrectomy, and their aqueous and vitreous humor were collected. RESULTS: In the aqueous humor, the concentrations of VEGF and PlGF were higher pre- than post-IVC injection in group A. Similarly, the concentrations of VEGF and PlGF in group A (pre-IVC) and group B were higher than those in the control group. In vitreous humor, the concentrations of VEGF and PlGF were higher in group B than those in the control group, and the concentrations of VEGF were lower in group A (post-IVC) than those in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Our study proved that the concentration of VEGF and PlGF reduced after IVC injection in aqueous humor. However, the concentration of PlGF did not reduce after IVC injection in vitreous humor.