High-compatibility properties of Aronia melanocarpa extracts cross-linked chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite film for intelligent food packaging.

Although the active and intelligent properties of rich in anthocyanin extracts added to films have been extensively studied, there remains a sparsity of research pertaining to the miscibility of blended films. This work focused on the miscibility of the chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (CP) film caused by the addition of Aronia melanocarpa extracts (AME), which are rich anthocyanins and phenolic acids, and its effect on physicochemical and functional properties. AME facilitated the amidation reaction and ionic interaction of chitosan in CP films, leading to loss of the crystallinity degree of chitosan. Furthermore, the crystal disruption promoted the formation of hydrogen bonds with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with the promoted miscibility. CP film incorporated with 8 % AME possessed the highest tensile strength (26.79 MPa), and elongation at break (66.38 %) as well as excellent ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) light barrier property, water vapor barrier properties, due to its high miscibility degree. Moreover, this film also showed excellent antioxidant, antibacterial activity, and pH response function, which could be used to monitor the storage of highly perishable shrimp. Hence, the AME provided extra functionality and improved miscibility between chitosan and PVA, which showed great potential for the preparation of high-performance bioactive-fortified and intelligent food packaging films.

Quantification of deltamethrin residues in wheat by Ag@ZnO NFs-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupling chemometric models.

Deltamethrin, one of the most toxic pyrethroids, is commonly used to inhibit pests in wheat. However, the trace levels of deltamethrin in wheat is alarming to human health. In this study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-active silver nanoparticles-plated-zinc oxide nanoflowers (Ag@ZnO NFs) nano-sensor were employed for rapid and sensitive quantification of deltamethrin in wheat. To sufficiently utilize the chemical-related information in SERS spectra, various spectral pretreatment and chemometric models were studied. The mean centering (MC) coupling successive projection algorithm-partial least squares regression (SPA-PLS) provided optimal predictive performance (correlation coefficient of prediction (Rp) = 0.9736 and residual predictive deviation (RPD) = 4.75). The proposed method achieved the limit of detection (LOD) = 0.16 µg·kg-1, the recovery of predicted results was in the range of 96.33-109.17% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was < 5%. The overall results suggested that SERS based Ag@ZnO NFs combined with MC-SPA-PLS could be an easy and efficient method to quantify deltamethrin residue levels in wheat.