DYNAMICS OF TOBACCO SMOKING PREVALENCE AMONG STUDENTS AND DIRECTIONS OF ITS PREVENTION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study the dynamics of tobacco smoking prevalence among students and to find out the main directions of its prevention. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The research involved 647 students (men and women) of the first - fourth instructional years of pedagogical specialties. The research was conducted during 2020-2022. The research methods included analysis and generalization of literary source on the research topic, documentary method, questionnaires, pedagogical observation and statistical methods. RESULTS: Results: It was found that the phenomenon of tobacco smoking has long historical roots and is widespread in all countries of the world. It was found that 32.4 % of male students and 14.9 % of female ones smoke; herewith, 16.0 % of male and 8.3 % of female students smoke up to 10 cigarettes per day. It is established that a number of normative legal documents have been adopted and a system of preventive measures has been developed in order to counteract smoking among students. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Smoking is a significant health and social problem the solution of which requires significant human and financial resources. Despite some achievements in this area, the active involvement of not only men, but also women, mainly students, in smoking is of particular concern. The use of tobacco products provokes a threat to the health of students and the population as a whole, which requires additional efforts on the part of society, government agencies and non-governmental organizations to prevent this addiction.

FAMILY INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF CHILDREN'S MOTIVATION FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study the family influence on the formation of children's motivation for a healthy lifestyle. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The medical and sociological study among parents was conducted to assess their children's adherence to the principles of a healthy lifestyle and the influence of the family on the formation of children's motivation for a healthy lifestyle. The survey was conducted using a specially designed questionnaire using Google Forms. The design of the questionnaire was typical and contained the following structural components: addressing the respondent, obtaining informed consent to participate in the survey, and blocks with targeted questions (25 questions in total). The research involved 150 parents (including 54.7 % (82 people) of women and 45.3 % (68 people) of men). Methods: bibliosemantic, system-oriented analysis and logical generalization, medical and sociological (questionnaire), statistical data processing. RESULTS: Results: It has been found that positive attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle prevail in the families of the respondents (44.0 %), 42.0 % of parents indicated that their family members regularly adhere to a healthy lifestyle. Herewith, 48.0 % are interested in teaching their children about a healthy lifestyle. The main motives that most parents form in their children regarding a healthy lifestyle are maintaining and promoting health (38.0 %), improving physical condition (16.0 %), and creating a healthy family (10.0 %). However, almost a third of parents do not instill responsibility for their children's life and health due to a lack of time and knowledge about a healthy lifestyle. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: To foster a positive attitude toward a healthy lifestyle in children, parents should set their example, create favorable conditions for a healthy lifestyle, and follow traditions related to active recreation, sensible nutrition, and the absence of bad habits. Children's motivation for a healthy lifestyle is the main responsibility of the family.

INFLUENCE OF SEROLOGICAL MARKERS OF BLOOD GROUPS UPON THE DEVELOPMENT OF VISUAL MEMORY IN HIGH SCHOOLERS AND STUDENTS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To investigate the influence of serological markers of blood groups of the AB0 system upon the development of short-term visual memory in high schoolers and students. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The research involved 13-16-year-old high schoolers (boys) (n = 139) who were involved in various sports: group A - speed and strength sports (n = 74); group B - endurance sports (n = 65). The control group consisted of 13-16-year-old high schoolers (n = 106) and 17-20-year-old students (n = 212) who were not engaged in sports. The study of short-term visual memory was conducted using the "Memory for geometric shapes" method. RESULTS: Results: It was found that high schoolers and students with the 0(I) blood group have the best associative coupling with the properties of short-term visual memory. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The use of serological markers of blood groups according to the AB0 system is possible in the genetic prediction of the development of visual memory in high schoolers and students. Herewith, the associative coupling is more pronounced in juvenility than in adolescence.

WAYS OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PROSTHETICS OF MILITARY PERSONNEL.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Justify the choice of the construction material of dental prostheses, taking into account the clinical picture and concomitant diseases in military personnel and the study of the dynamics of military personnel seeking orthopedic dental care. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 185 military personnel were examined and fitted with prosthetics in the period from March 2022 to March 2023. Methods: general clinical, content analysis, bibliosemantic, medical and statistical. RESULTS: Results: All patients who came to us for dental care had previously been replaced with fixed metal structures. Of them, 121 people indicated problems related to the use of metal prostheses. From these patients, a risk group of intolerance to prosthesis materials was formed and a search was made for base materials that would be biologically indifferent. For the manufacture of partial removable prostheses, we chose the basic thermoplastic material Acron, manufactured by Roko (Poland), which has high biocompatibility with the tissues of the prosthetic bed. When choosing the structures of partial removable prostheses in patients with various defects of the dentition, we were guided by a small number of clinical visits, which is relevant for military personnel who are on rotation and treated in the hospital. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Our careful selection of structural material made it possible to prevent complications and produce high-quality removable prostheses in a short period of time. An analysis of the reasons for orthopedic care showed low awareness of the servicemen regarding the need for timely orthopedic treatment.

ANALYSIS OF THE LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITY OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR IN 2022.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To analize the legislative activity of MOH of Ukraine in wartime. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Were conducted a study of the orders for the first 30 days of the Russian military invasion by the method of content analysis. Using the method of deduction, the all orders was divided into areas of their influence. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Twenty-nine orders were found during the first month of the war, which regulated the issues of medical care, circulation of drugs, blood transfusions, drugs, medical records, etc. Particular attention is paid to the organization of affordable medical care for all segments of the population, including the involvement of interns, senior students of medical institutions of higher education, as well as foreign professionals. The analysis of the legislative activity of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine to optimize the functioning of the medical care system for both military and civilian population in the context of Russian military aggression showed the Ministry's prompt response to time and high activity in the first two weeks of the war.

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' HEALTH INDICATORS IN THE COURSE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES WITH A SPORTS FOCUS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To conduct a comparative analysis of the health indicators of students who were engaged in various types of sports during physical education classes (using the example of power sports). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The research was conducted in 2019-2021 when the male students (n=96) were studying at the 1st and 2nd years in Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture. We examined the health indicators of 17-19-year-old students, who were engaged in various power sports: powerlifting, kettlebell lifting, armsport and CrossFit. Students' health was assessed by indicators of body weight, cardiovascular, respiratory and muscular systems. RESULTS: Results: It was found that during the study period, the most pronounced changes in the activity of the cardiovascular (Robinson's index) and respiratory systems (vital index) were found among students who were engaged in CrossFit and kettlebell lifting. In the indicators that characterize the muscular system (power index), the greatest increase was found among students who were engaged in powerlifting and armsport. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: It has been revealed that classes in any power sport positively affect the improvement of certain indicators of students' health, which, in general, will positively contribute to mastering the skills and abilities to independently use the means of physical culture and sports in everyday life to maintain high performance both during academic and future professional activities.

MEANS OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS IMPROVEMENT OF FUTURE LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS IN THE PROCESS OF THEIR SPECIALITY TRAINING.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To investigate the influence of various means of professional training (firearms training, physical training) on the dynamics of psychophysiological indicators of future law enforcement officers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The research involved 96 17-23-year-old cadets. Three groups were formed: control group (CG, n = 54), the cadets of which studied according to the current educational program; experimental group 1 (EG1, n = 22), the cadets of which additionally attended practical shooting sessions; experimental group 2 (EG2, n = 20), the cadets of which additionally attended training sessions in hand-to-hand combat. The following aspects were studied among psychophysiological indicators: distribution and concentration of attention, short-term memory, mental capacity, emotional stability, anxiety and psycho-emotional state. RESULTS: Results: It was found that the EG1 cadets revealed the most pronounced indicators of attention concentration, emotional stability and psycho-emotional state at the end of the research; the EG2 cadets showed the most prominent indicators of attention distribution, emotional stability and a low level of anxiety. The CG cadets also improved their psychophysiological indicators, but the level of most of them is significantly lower than that of the EG1 and the EG2 cadets. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The results of the research confirmed the high efficiency of firearms and physical training means to improve the psychophysiological indicators of future law enforcement officers in the process of their training. The high level of these indicators will ensure their effective performance of service tasks in the process of their future professional activities.

FUNCTIONING OF NO-CYCLE IN THE ORAL FLUID IN CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC CATARRHAL GINGIVITIS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To determine the activity of NO-synthase and arginase in oral fluid in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment scheme we elaborated in the treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 82 children were examined, they were divided into groups by presence of gingivitis and diabetes mellitus. NO-synthase (NOS) activity was determined in oral fluid by the difference in nitrite concentration before and after incubation. The arginase activity was determined in oral fluid by the difference in the concentration of L-ornithine before and after incubation. RESULTS: Results: Use our treatment scheme in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus lead to a change in the polarization of oral macrophages towards the predominance of M2 polarization in 1 month. The polarization of macrophages changed to the predominance of M1 polarization activity in 1 year. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: We have elaborated a scheme for the treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. It normalizes the polarization of oral macrophages caused by exposure to chronic catarrhal gingivitis as a local pathogenetic factor.

AFFECTIVE-COGNITIVE INDICATOR OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE FORMEDNESS IN HIGH SCHOOLERS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES.

OBJECTIVE: The aim is to determine the peculiarities of the affective-cognitive indicator of emotional intelligence in high schoolers with intellectual disabilities. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study, which was conducted during 2019-2020, involved 76 high schoolers in the age of 14-17 who studied in the 7-9th grades in Kyiv schools (Ukraine) (45 high schoolers with intellectual disabilities and 31 high schoolers with normative development). The diagnosis of the high schoolers' ability to perceive, understand and identify emotions; to assimilate emotions in thoughts, to stimulate thought processes with the help of emotions was carried out. The Mayer-Salovey-Caruzo Emotional Intelligence Test, adapted for children with intellectual disabilities, was used. RESULTS: Results: Insufficient formedness of the affective-cognitive indicator of emotional intelligence in high schoolers with intellectual disabilities has been determined: a decrease in the level of perception of emotions by expression; superficial perception of expressive features, vagueness of ideas about them; insufficient differentiation of the constituent elements of the emotional model; difficulties of orientation in a set of emotional signs of different modalities; lack of understanding of social emotions and the content of a moral act. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: It has been proven that the low state of formedness of the affective-cognitive indicator of emotional intelligence results in significant difficulties that arise during interaction with each other, and this affects primarily the further socialization and integration into society.

STUDENTS' HEALTH LEVEL AS A RESULT OF THEIR LIFESTYLE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Is to study the level of knowledge, skills, abilities, and health indicators of students during the formation of their healthy lifestyle. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The research was conducted at Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University and Polissya National University in 2018-2020. Thus, 882 students (385 males and 497 females) of different specialties between the ages of 17 and 23 were examined. To assess the level of knowledge, skills, and abilities of students during the formation of a healthy lifestyle, a survey was conducted. The health level of students was assessed by the method of the qualitative express assessment of the physical health level, which made it possible to assess the dynamics of the quality of forming a healthy lifestyle. RESULTS: Results: It was found that only 5.7 % of male and 6.4 % of female students had a high level of knowledge of all the health components; only 7.0 % of male and 8.3 % of female students had a high level of knowledge about the factors of health formation and skills in using them both during training and future professional activity; 20.3 % of male and 14.7 % of female students did not have knowledge about the negative impact of bad habits on health; 19.3 % of male and 18.3 % of female students did not know the components of a healthy lifestyle at all; 17.9 % of male and 21.7 % of female students did not have motivational attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle and did not know how to form them. It was found that most of the indices of both male and female students that characterize the level of students' health deteriorated significantly during their studies (р<0.05-0.001). CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The research showed that most students (both males and females) did not follow a healthy lifestyle. It was reflected in the low health level of most students and the negative dynamics of the indices that characterize the level of health in the process of studying. All this requires taking into account the features of forming a healthy lifestyle of students in physical education classes at higher education institutions.

THE LEVEL OF INTERLEUKIN-18 IN THE ORAL FLUID IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC CATARRHAL GINGIVITIS AND TYPE I DIABETES MELLITUS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Of our research work was to study the level of proinflammatory interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the oral fluid of children with type I diabetes mellitus (DM), and to determine their periodontal status and the level of oral hygiene. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 82 children were examined, they were divided into groups by presence of gingivitis and diabetes mellitus. The level of interleukin-18 in oral fluid was determined by immunoassay. RESULTS: Results: In patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and type I diabetes mellitus the level of interleukin-18 in oral fluid is the highest (70.91±7.48 pg / ml); the level of interleukin-18 in children with diabetes mellitus and healthy gums is high enough too, it is 14.87±1.11 pg / ml. Interleukin-18 is 3.41±0.25 pg / ml in healthy children with healthy gums. It is 5.74±0.27 pg / ml in somatically healthy children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: We indicated that an increase in the value of interleukin-18 in oral fluid is associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus in children. Moreover, this cytokine can be considered as a potential biomarker of gum inflammation in children with diabetes mellitus.

DYNAMICS OF STUDENTS' FITNESS LEVEL WHILE DIFFERENTIATING PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THEIR HEALTH AND NOSOLOGY OF DISEASES.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Is to study the dynamics of students' physical fitness level while differentiating physical education classes in accordance with their somatic health and nosology of diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The paper presents the results of a study of the dynamics of the physical fitness indicators of students in the process of physical education. The study involved 660 students between the ages of 17 and 25. Testing of students' physical fitness was performed using the method of control measurements. Research methods included the theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical observations, testing, pedagogical experiment, and the methods of mathematical statistics. RESULTS: Results: At the end of the experiment, the students of the experimental groups (both male and female) showed authentically (р<0.05-0.001) better indicators of the control tests than the students of the control groups. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: It was established that the introduction of the original program of differentiating classes in accordance with the level of students' somatic health and nosology of diseases into the process of physical education has a positive effect on their physical fitness level. This will help to improve their learning and future professional activities.

FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION AND PROVISION OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE IN POLTAVA REGION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Is to study and analyze the dynamics of the indicators of the emergency medical service of the Ukrainian and the Poltava region in the context of the reforms of the healthcare system in Ukraine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: In this work, the indicators of development of the emergency medical service of the Ukrainian and the Poltava region were studied and analyzed. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The provision of emergency medical care in the Poltava region is provided by the Poltava Regional Center for Emergency Medicine and Disaster Medicine. The structure of the center includes 4 emergency medical stations, which are located in cities such as Poltava, Kremenchuk, Lubny, Mirgorod. А modern telemedicine center was built іn 2018 for emergency counseling on-line in new directions was carried out: ultrasound and endoscopic diagnostics, radiology, counseling during surgical interventions, laboratory diagnostics, etc. Emergencymedical care reform Poltava Regional should be aimed at increasing the efficiency of the use of resources; provision of the EMC system by the relevant vehicles; qualitative training of doctors in emergency medicine; informatization of the EMC system.

STUDYING AND ANALYZE THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT COMPLIANCE DENTIST RECOMMENDATIONS FROM PARENTS OF CHILD PATIENTS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Investigate the factors that influence the tendency of parents to follow the advice of a dentist on the way to improving the dental health of their children and build a prognostic model. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Materials: we analyzed 406 questionnaires (specially created by the author), which contain the answers of parents of schoolchildren of Poltava. Methods: questionnaires, medical and statistical, modeling. RESULTS: Results: The statistical processing of the questionnaires revealed a number of factors those that affect parents' compliance with the advice of a dentist, increasing or decreasing the chances of it: low sanitary and hygienic awareness of parents; non-observance of hygiene rules by parents; parents do not teach the child to care for the oral cavity;opinion of the parents that only state must take care of children's health; the recommendations of the dentist wasn`t received; child had never visited a dentist for prevention. The operational characteristics of the obtained prognostic model: the area under the curve is 0,762, which indicates a good predictability of the model. Sensitivity is 82,2%, specificity - 79,8%. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The data obtained as a result of our study and the constructed prognostic model: they indicate low sanitary and hygienic awareness of parents, paternalism of their thinking (shifting responsibility to someone, unwillingness to take responsibility), lack of medical and hygienic knowledge, as a result of which they do not apply them to themselves and, of course, to their children. The solution to this problem is possible only through informational and explanatory activities with the involvement of modern methods of communication and people who have passed appropriate training.

Current state of students' health and its improvement in the process of physical education.

OBJECTIVE: The aim is to investigate the state of health of the students of Ukrainian higher education institutions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study of state of health was conducted at Polissia National University and Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University in 2008-2019. The results of a medical examination of 3737 students of different faculties between the ages of 17 and 22 were examined. Medical examinations were conducted by the doctors of the medical centers of universities. Totally 1208 pupils (male and female) of the schools of Zhytomyr region were involved in the questionnaire, which was conducted to analyze the attendance of physical education classes by pupils while studying at school. 648 students of Polissia National University participated in the study of the self-assessment of their own health, causes, and structure of disease incidence, the dynamics of the loss of labor capacity. RESULTS: Results: It was established that from 24 to 30.8 % of the students had diseases and a low level of physical development that indicated a low level of physical education at schools. It was revealed that the number of sick students was increasing during the study at higher educational institutions (HEI) that led to missing classes. Besides, up to 35.5 % of students had health disorders and belonged to a special medical group. And 1.7 % of the students had chronic diseases and disabilities and were exempted from sports. It was found that physical education and sports took the 5th place in the system of life values of male students and the 12th place in the system of life values of female students. CONCLUSION: Conclusions:Physical education, aimed at enhancing the functional capacity of an organism, the development of physical qualities, the improvement of the special physical and technical readiness in the sphere of physical activity types and the acquisition of professionally applied skills and abilities, is the basis for strengthening the health of students of Ukraine.

Determination of the structure of acute injury of temporary and permanent frontal teeth in children, analysis of diagnostic and treatment measures and their effects.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To determine the structure of acute injuries of temporary and permanent frontal teeth in children, to analyze the applied diagnostic and treatment measures for acute tooth trauma and to investigate their effectiveness. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The subject of the study were 31 children aged 2-12 years with acute temporary and permanent tooth trauma. Methods: clinical (radiological, thermodiagnosis), medical and statistical. RESULTS: Results: The number of injured permanent teeth was greater than the number of injured temporary teeth. The pattern of temporary and permanent tooth injuries differed, so in temporary teeth dislocations were observed, and in permanent teeth fractures prevailed over dislocations. In our opinion, this is due to the peculiarities of the anatomy of the temporary teeth. Usually, the therapeutic tactics of acute temporary teeth injuries is to remove them, despite their important role in the growth and development of jaws, physiological formation and eruption of permanent teeth. The therapeutic tactics of dynamic observation in the case of intrusive dislocation of the temporary tooth were selected in the clinic of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry. In some cases, with a slight change in the position of the temporary tooth, self-regulation of its position was observed, in other cases the tooth remained dystopic, but its viability remained in 50% of cases. Therapeutic tactics of acute injuries of permanent teeth were selected according to the type of trauma. In the case of permanent tooth dislocation, with a slight change in its position, tooth immobilization was carried out by splinting with fiberglass tape and photopolymer composite material. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Our observations have shown that the complex of modern specialized medical care for the affected children with acute traumatic injuries of the teeth should be guided by their preservation, which ensures the subsequent normal formation of the dental-jaw apparatus. To ensure these conditions, a long, reliable immobilization of the damaged tooth is required as soon as possible after injury.

Organizational, regulatory and legal aspects of european integration of higher medical education in ukraine: a critical review.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The main purpose of this research is to conduct the theoretical and applied study of the legal profile enforcement for state attestation of medical graduates, the relevant legislative system, and its effectiveness; to identify the issues of special legislative requirements, as well as the search for ways to resolve it. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Basic methods: analysis, synthesis and comparison. Object of research: system of state certification of graduates of medical sciences. Investigation of this topic in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence: firstly, the basic principles of the state integrated qualification exam were determined and analyzed; then the legal enforcement for integrated state qualification exam of master's degree in discipline "22 Health Care" was considered. Also, a critical review of Ukrainian normative base for holding the state attestation of medical graduates was conducted. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In view of foregoing, we can make a conclusion that in the modern globalization world, competition of national educational services should be ensured by a range of different activities: legal, organizational, financial, etc. The legal direction, domestic rules should correspond to similar, uniform rules and practices of the most effective state (regional, international) systems.

Analysis of the results of the questionnaire of orthodontists and children dentists of poltava-city on the optimization of orthodontic aids for children.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: In the course of the study, we identified high prevalence rates of orthodontic pathology and identified organizational aspects regarding the provision of orthodontic care for children, and identified the need for their optimization. The aim: The purpose of the study was to analyze the results of the questionnaire of orthodontists and children's dentists, who provide dental care to the children of the Poltava region, about the importance of optimization of orthodontic care for children and improving the knowledge of doctors about the risk factors for the onset of orthodontic pathology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Methods: Sociological (questionnaire), medical-statistical, bibliosemantic. We analyze 39 questionnaires, which filled out by orthodontists and children's dentists who provide dental care to children of the Poltava region. RESULTS: Results: A questionnaire was conducted for 39 children's dentists of different specialties, and the subject for study of which was the knowledge of doctors about the risk factors for the occurrence of orthodontic pathology; the opinion of specialists on optimization of the system of prevention, dyspanserization, screening and sanitary-education work. The results of the questionnaire were processed with using of statistical methods and analyzed. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: 1. Most doctors consider the most important influencing risk factors that relate to behavioral, informational and medical-demographic, that is, those that are managed. 2. Most doctors determine the existing system of orthodontic care as ineffective, recognize the effectiveness of a joint prevention, dispensary and screening program; consider it advisable to create a single electronic medical card for the child from birth; the level of awareness of the population is low; it is expedient to involve in the preventive and sanitary-educational work of dental hygienists to reduce the burden on doctors. 3. In the training of students and interns in the specialty "Dentistry", more attention should be paid to the study of the risk factors of the occurrence of orthodontic pathology and the importance of primary prevention and dyspansery control to reduce its level.

Analysis of risk factors of orthodontic pathology: literature review.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: The high dental morbidity of children's population of Ukraine remains one of the topical medical problems of nowadays: in different age groups the frequency of cases of caries, periodontal diseases, developmental disorders and teeth formation is steadily increasing. In recent years, due to the effect of a large number of various etiological factors the frequency of tooth-jaw abnormalities in children has increased significantly. The aim: The main issue of the study was a comprehensive analysis of literary sources on the risk factors for orthodontic pathology in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Analytical, bibliosemantic, systematic approach. RESULTS: Review and conclusions: The main cause of an increasing of the prevalence of orthodontic pathology in children is the existence of persistent factors contributing to the formation of this pathology and maintains its stable high level among the population. Only eliminating or reducing the negative impacts of the most significant risk factors that affect the onset of orthodontic pathology, can reduce their prevalence.

Studying the skills attitudes on factors affecting dental health of children.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: Nowadays, the high level of dental morbidity among children is an urgent medical problem. Healthy lifestyles and sanitary-hygienic upbringing in the family is most important components of the formation of dental health of children. But in order to be able to teach their children, parents need to be themselves knowledgeable about hygiene and prevention, have the necessary skills and desire to instill it in their children. The aim: The aim of our study was to assess the level of awareness of schoolchildren parents about the factors affecting the dental health of their children according to the questionnaire. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The article presents the results of a sociological survey in the form of anonymous polls on a specially designed questionnaire. With the help of the sociological method, 408 questionnaires, which were filled up by parents of students of general school №19 in Poltava, were processed and analyzed. RESULTS: Results: Among the interviewed individuals, we investigated groups of predictors that could increase the parents' awareness of the factors influencing the formation of health; to teach children by parents of the rules of personal hygiene of oral cavity and skills of self-prevention of dental diseases; on factors that lead to proper orthodontic pathology. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Based on the parents' answers to the factors which form the health of the population, we can conclude that their awareness on this issue is insufficient. The results of the survey show insufficient level of knowledge in the issues of the formation of health and prevention of dental diseases among the respondents. Thus, the necessity to carry out the corresponding work in educational institutions with the involvement of teachers, dental doctors, pediatricians and doctors of other specialties is determined.