Effects of high-intensity interval training on subjective sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to verify the effect of 12 weeks of HIIT on the perceived sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). For this, a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, including 36 adults with moderate-severe OSA (19 males; 52.2 ± 9.8 years; body mass index = 34.2 ± 5.8; AHI = 42.0 ± 22.9 e/h) was performed. Participants were randomly assigned to HIIT [5 periods of 4 min of walking or running on a treadmill at 90-95 % of maximum heart rate (HRmax) interspersed with 3 min of walking at 50-55 % of HRmax performed three times per week for 12 weeks] or a control group (CG; stretching exercises performed two times per week for 12 weeks). Specific domains of subjective sleep quality and EDS were assessed at baseline and post 12 weeks. Generalized estimated equation were used to verify between groups and times differences. There were no group × time interactions for the domains sleep duration (0.416), sleep efficiency (0.198), sleep disturbance (0.523), and sleep medications (0.915). However, significant group × time interactions were observed for global sleep score (0.022), and for the domains sleep quality (0.001), sleep latency (0.029), and daytime dysfunction (0.012). In addition, there was a significant group × time interaction for EDS (HIIT = -3.4 ± 0.9; CG change = -1.0 ± 1.0; p = 0.023). Thus, in patients with OSA, 12 weeks of HIIT improves perceived sleep quality and daytime sleepiness.

Effect of 12-week high-intensity interval training on hemodynamic variables at rest and during exercise in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on hemodynamic variables at rest and during exercise in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Twenty-six obese adults with moderate-to-severe OSA (AHI = 42 ±â€Š22.9 e/h) were randomly assigned to HIIT or a control group. Sleep parameters, ambulatorial, aortic, and during-exercise SBP and DBP were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Generalized estimated equations assessed differences between groups over time. When compared with control group, HIIT reduced AHI (17.1 ±â€Š6.2; e/h, P  < 0.01), SBP nighttime (10.2 ±â€Š5.0 mmHg; P  = 0.034), DBP nighttime (7.9 ±â€Š4.0 mmHg; P  = 0.038), DBP aortic (5.5 ±â€Š2.9 mmHg; P  = 0.048), and SBP max (29.6 ±â€Š11.8 mmHg; P  = 0.045). In patients with OSA, 12 weeks of HIIT decreases sleep apnoea severity and blood pressure in rest and during exercise.

Aerobic training with a self-selected or predetermined intensity on sleep parameters in adolescents with obesity: a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: To compare the effects of self-selected and predetermined intensity on sleep quality and duration, daytime sleepiness, and sleep efficiency of adolescents with obesity after 12 weeks of aerobic training. Material and Methods: Thirty-seven adolescents (12 girls), 13-18 years old, with obesity (BMI = 95th) were randomized into a predetermined intensity group (PIG), exercise intensity around 60-70% of heart rate reserve; or self-selected intensity group (SIG), the adolescents chose the speed/intensity at the beginning of each session and were able to change it every 5 minutes. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were used to assess sleep outcomes. Results: No differences were observed for PSQI [0.00 ± 2.00 vs 1.38 ± 2.7; p=0.195; d=0.60 (moderate effect)], sleep duration [-0.95 ± 1.2 vs -0.35 ± 1.6; p=0.358; d=0.41 (small effect)], ESS [(2.10 ± 3.9 vs 1.15 ± 4.5; p=0.195; d=0.23 (small effect)], and sleep efficiency [(81.5 ± 24.0 vs 79.4 ± 17.0; p=0.8.14; d=0.10 (trivial effect)] for the PIG and SIG groups, respectively. Conclusion: Aerobic training at a self- selected or predetermined intensity does not modulate sleep quality, sleep duration and efficiency, and daytime sleepiness, independent of intensity.

The role played by gender and age on poor sleep quality among institutionalized adolescents.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and association between sleep quality with gender and age and to examine the relation between age and the components of the PSQI in institutionalized adolescents. METHODS: High school internal students of both genders, aged between 14 and 19 years old, were analyzed. After a full clinical evaluation, the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index Score was obtained from all participants. RESULTS: We studied 210 participants [male: 15. 7 ± 1.2 years; BMI: 21.7 ± 2.6 kg/m2; female: 15.7 ± 1. 2 years; BMI: 21.9 ± 4.5 kg/m2]. Poor sleep quality was present in 137 (65.3%) participants and was predominant among girls than boys (PSQI = 76.3 vs 55.8%; p < 0.001), respectively. There were positive correlations between PSQI components with age in boys (sleep latency: R = 0.23; p = 0.02; sleep duration: R = 0.28; p < 0.01 and overall sleep quality: R = 0.21; p = 0.03), but not among girls. CONCLUSION: Institutionalized girls have worse sleep quality than boys and positive correlations between sleep quality components with age were only present among boys.

Individual and average responses of sleep quality and daytime sleepiness after four weeks of strength training in adolescents

Abstract Aims: To analyze the average and individual responses of sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in adolescents after four weeks of strength training. Methods: 19 adolescents with sleep problems recruited in the Federal Institute of Pernambuco, were subject to anthropometric evaluations as well as those for body composition assessment, a 1 repetition maximum test, the sleep parameters (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index-PSQI and Epworth Sleepiness Scale-ESS) and were submitted to four weeks of strength-training, performed alternately by segment, two sessions per week, according to recommendations for this population. Results: A decrease in the average PSQI score was observed (10.3±3.3 vs 8.8±4.0; p=0.006), but not in ESS (p>0.05), after intervention. The individual analyses demonstrated that ~63% of adolescents experienced reductions ≥ 3 points in the PSQI and ~58% of them experienced reductions ≥ 3 points in the measure of daytime sleepiness. The prevalence of poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness reduced from 84.2% to 68.4% and from 52.6% to 31.6%, respectively. The comparisons of high and low responders to exercise training show that adolescents who reduced ≥3 points in the score of a least one sleep parameter presented lower weight, fat mass, and fat percentage (p<0.05). Conclusion: A short-term strength-training program is able to improve global sleep quality, but not daytime sleepiness in adolescents. Furthermore, the changes after training are highly heterogeneous. Further studies are required to better understand the effects of strength training on sleep parameters of adolescents.

Efeito de uma sessão de treinamento de força sobre a qualidade do sono de adolescentes / Effect of a session of strength training on the quality adolescents sleeping / Efecto de una sesión de entrenamiento de fuerza en la calidad del sueño de los adolescentes

INTRODUÇÃO: o sono é uma função biológica fundamental para a conservação da energia e a restauração do metabolismo energético. OBJETIVO: analisar o efeito de uma sessão do treinamento de força realizada em diferentes horários sobre a qualidade do sono de adolescentes e examinar se a relação entre a melhoria da qualidade do sono e o horário da sessão de treino se altera após o ajuste para idade. MÉTODOS: participaram do estudo seis estudantes do sexo masculino moradores internos do IFPE - Campus Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil. Foram realizadas três sessões de treinamento de força em diferentes horários manhã, tarde e noite, durante 12 semanas. A escala OMINI-RES foi utilizada para percepção do esforço. A qualidade do sono foi avaliada pelo Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh PSQI. Ainda foram avaliadas variáveis antropométricas massa corporal, estatura, IMC e a composição corporal % gordura, massa gorda e massa magra. RESULTADOS: foram observadas diferenças entre as sessões de treino realizadas em diferentes horários e a diagnose de qualidade do sono manhã: P < 0,001; tarde: P = 0,001; noite: P = 0,047. Houve correlação entre a sessão de treino realizada pela manhã r = 0,95 e à tarde r = 0,92 e a diagnose de qualidade do sono. Utilizando o modelo de regressão linear, as sessões de treinamento de força realizadas pela manhã R2 = 0,91 e tarde R2 = 0,75 explicaram de forma significativa a melhora da qualidade do sono em adolescentes, mesmo após o controle pela idade. CONCLUSÃO: as sessões de treinamento de força realizadas pela manhã e tarde apresentaram melhor resposta de qualidade do sono de adolescentes. .

INTRODUCTION: sleep is a fundamental biological function for energy conservation and restoration of the energy metabolism. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of a session of strength training performed at different times on the quality of sleep of adolescents and to examine the relationship between improving the quality of sleep and the time of the training session changes after adjusting for age. METHODS: participated in this investigation six male students internal residents of IFPE - Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil. Three strength training sessions were performed at different times morning, afternoon and evening for 12 weeks. The OMNI-RES scale was used to perceived exertion. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index PSQI. Anthropometric variables body weight, height, BMI and body composition %fat, fat mass and lean mass were evaluated. RESULTS: differences were observed between training sessions at different times and the diagnosis of sleep quality morning: P<0.001; afternoon: P=0.001; evening: P=0.047. There was a correlation between the training session held in the morning r=0.95 and in the afternoon r=0.92 and the diagnosis of sleep quality. Using the linear regression model, the strength training sessions held in the morning R2=0.91 and afternoon R2=0.75 explained the significantly improved quality of sleep in adolescents, even after adjusting for age. CONCLUSION: the strength training sessions in the morning and afternoon showed better response in the quality of sleep of adolescents. .

INTRODUCCIÓN: el sueño es una función biológica básica en la conservación de la energía y la restauración del metabolismo energético. OBJETIVO: analizar el efecto de una sesión de entrenamiento de fuerza realizada en diferentes momentos en la calidad del sueño de los adolescentes y examinar si la relación entre la mejora de la calidad del sueño y el horario de la sesión de entrenamiento cambia después del ajuste para la edad. MÉTODOS: participaron del estudio seis estudiantes varones residentes internos de IFPE - Campus Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil. Tres sesiones de entrenamiento de fuerza se llevaron a cabo en diferentes momentos mañana, tarde y noche durante 12 semanas. La escala OMNI-RES se utilizó para el esfuerzo percibido. La calidad del sueño se evaluó mediante el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh PSQI. Las variables antropométricas también fueron evaluadas peso, talla, índice de masa corporal y la composición corporal % de grasa, la masa grasa y la masa magra. RESULTADOS: se observaron diferencias entre las sesiones de entrenamiento realizadas en diferentes momentos y el diagnóstico de la calidad del sueño mañana: P < 0,001; tarde: P = 0,001; noche: P = 0,047. Hubo una correlación entre la sesión de entrenamiento realizada en la mañana r = 0,95 y la tarde r = 0,92 y el diagnóstico de la calidad del sueño. Usando el modelo de la regresión lineal las sesiones del entrenamiento de fuerza llevadas a cabo en la mañana R2 = 0,91 y R2 = 0,75 explicaron de modo significativo la mejora de la calidad del sueño en los adolescentes, incluso después del ajuste por edad. CONCLUSIÓN: las sesiones de entrenamiento de fuerza en la mañana y por la tarde tenían mejor respuesta de la calidad del sueño de adolescentes. .