ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To study the frequency, characteristics, and complications of non-therapeutic male circumcision on immigrant children from Africa in Spain. METHODS: This descriptive study focused on primary care consultations conducted at 21 Aragon health centres during 2010 and 2011. The data were gathered through interviewer-administered questionnaires to the parents of African children. Sociodemographic variables were studied, along with others related to the practice of circumcision. RESULTS: 283 questionnaires were obtained. 98.93 % of the children had undergone or were planning to undergo circumcision. 68.2 % were circumcised. Circumcisions were most frequently performed during a vacation to the country of origin (67.04 %), especially so for the Maghreb population. The remaining circumcisions had been performed in Spain. Half of the circumcisions practiced in Spain were performed at home, and 84 % of these were performed on Gambian children. CONCLUSIONS: The current study demonstrates that, in Aragon, Spain, almost all immigrant children from Africa have been or will be circumcised and that a considerable proportion has been circumcised at home by unqualified individuals. Gambians are particularly at risk of performing unsafe circumcision.
Subject(s)
Circumcision, Male/ethnology , Emigrants and Immigrants , Adolescent , Africa/ethnology , Child , Child, Preschool , Circumcision, Male/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Infant , Male , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
ObjetivoAnalizar la frecuentación en consultas de atención primaria de los inmigrantes, respecto a los autóctonos. Analizar las diferencias existentes según la zona geográfica de procedencia.DiseñoEstudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se analizaron todas las citaciones de medicina y pediatría, a partir de datos de la historia clínica electrónica.EmplazamientoCentro de salud urbano de Zaragoza.Participantestodos los pacientes citados en el centro de salud durante un periodo de un año.IntervencionesSe ajustó con la población de referencia de tarjeta sanitaria según sexo y edad. Se realizó estandarización directa para evitar las diferencias debidas a la distinta distribución poblacional.Medidas principalesNúmero de visitas/año al médico y pediatra en función de origen, sexo y edad.ResultadosSe analizaron 110.046 citas de adultos sobre una población de 20.675 personas (20% inmigrantes) y 17.647 citas pediátricas sobre 2.452 niños (29% inmigrantes).La frecuentación anual ajustada de españoles fue mayor que de la de inmigrantes (7,1 visitas vs 4,8 en niños, y 4,7 vs 2,8 en adultos) (p<0,001). Los pacientes de Europa del Este tuvieron la menor frecuentación (1,6). En atención continuada, la frecuentación pediátrica fue mayor en españoles, pero en adultos fue mayor en inmigrantes.ConclusionesLa población inmigrante tanto pediátrica como adulta tuvo una menor frecuentación que la autóctona en cualquier tramo etario. Hay importantes diferencias según orígenes geográficos. Esto puede deberse a una mejor salud, a un mejor uso del sistema sanitario o a otros factores como dificultad de accesibilidad que es preciso estudiar(AU)
ObjectivesTo study the frequency of attendance in primary care of immigrant population compared to autochthonous one. To analyse differences in health services use according to geographical origin.MethodsA retrospective descriptive study was carried out. All Family Medicine and Paediatrics consultations were analysed using the electronic medical record.DesignRetrospective descriptive study. We analysed all the medicine and paediatrics appointments data from the electronic medical record.LocationUrban Health Centre, Zaragoza.ParticipantsAll patients with an appointment at the Health Centre during a one year period.InterventionIs in line with the reference population with health cards by sex and age. Direct standardisation was performed to avoid differences due to different population distribution.Main measuresNumber of visits annually to the doctor, on the basis of national origin, sex and age.ResultsWe analysed 110,046 adult consultations (based on a population of 20,675 inhabitants, 20% of immigrants) and 17,647 paediatric consultations (based on 2,452 children, 29% of immigrants).Adjusted annual consultation ratio of Spanish patients was higher than that of the immigrant population (7.1 consultations vs 4.8 in children, and 4.7 vs 2.8 in adults) (P<.001). Adults from Eastern Europe showed the lowest number of consultations (1.6). In emergency consultations in Primary Care, Spanish children consulted more frequently than immigrants, but immigrant adults consulted more frequently than Spanish adults.ConclusionsImmigrant population consulted primary care services less often compared with the Spanish population. There are notable differences according to geographical origin. This can be explained by better health, better use of healthcare system, and other difficulties in accessibility to health systems(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Emigration and Immigration/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Services, Indigenous/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Services, Indigenous/ethics , Health Services, Indigenous/standards , Epidemiological Monitoring , Emigration and Immigration/statistics & numerical data , Emigration and Immigration/trends , Health Services, Indigenous/classification , Health Services, Indigenous/statistics & numerical data , Health Services, Indigenous/trends , Spain/ethnology , Retrospective Studies , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To study the frequency of attendance in primary care of immigrant population compared to autochthonous one. To analyse differences in health services use according to geographical origin. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out. All Family Medicine and Paediatrics consultations were analysed using the electronic medical record. DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive study. We analysed all the medicine and paediatrics appointments data from the electronic medical record. LOCATION: Urban Health Centre, Zaragoza. PARTICIPANTS: All patients with an appointment at the Health Centre during a one year period. INTERVENTION: Is in line with the reference population with health cards by sex and age. Direct standardisation was performed to avoid differences due to different population distribution. MAIN MEASURES: Number of visits annually to the doctor, on the basis of national origin, sex and age. RESULTS: We analysed 110,046 adult consultations (based on a population of 20,675 inhabitants, 20% of immigrants) and 17,647 paediatric consultations (based on 2,452 children, 29% of immigrants). Adjusted annual consultation ratio of Spanish patients was higher than that of the immigrant population (7.1 consultations vs 4.8 in children, and 4.7 vs 2.8 in adults) (P<.001). Adults from Eastern Europe showed the lowest number of consultations (1.6). In emergency consultations in Primary Care, Spanish children consulted more frequently than immigrants, but immigrant adults consulted more frequently than Spanish adults. CONCLUSIONS: Immigrant population consulted primary care services less often compared with the Spanish population. There are notable differences according to geographical origin. This can be explained by better health, better use of healthcare system, and other difficulties in accessibility to health systems.