ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Compreender a percepção, atitudes e práticas de trabalhadores de um hospital universitário frente a resíduos sólidos de saúde (RSS). Métodos: Realizou-se, por meio de metodologia descritiva e qualitativa, entrevista com profissionais de saúde em 2019 em um hospital universitário do município de Bagé, situado na Região da Campanha do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Desenvolveram-se um total de quatro questões norteadoras: (1) conhecimento sobre resíduos sólidos hospitalares; (2) identificação de resíduos sólidos hospitalares; (3) rotina no serviço de saúde ao manusear resíduos sólidos hospitalares; e (4) entendimento sobre danos provocados por resíduos sólidos hospitalares, sendo as falas dos depoentes (n=18) gravadas, com posterior degravação para análise de conteúdo. Emergiram as categorias: Entendimento sobre Resíduos Sólidos Hospitalares; Etapas do Gerenciamento de RSS; Dificuldades e Limitações; e Risco do Descarte Inapropriado. Resultados: Os dados revelaram fragilidades sobre a temática quanto conceito, gestão e riscos; não havendo clareza sobre a logística dada aos RSS; há falta de conhecimento sobre a categorização dos distintos tipos e o gerenciamento de RSS, evidenciando o não entendimento do correto descarte dos RSS gerados no contexto hospitalar, sinalizando para a necessidade de treinamento sobre o tema. Conclusão:Compreenderam-se as dificuldades sobre o conhecimento e entendimento dos entrevistados do presente estudo acerca da temática, impactando em suas atitudes e em suas práticas.
Objective: To understand university hospital workers' perception, attitudes and practices in relation to solid health-care waste (SHW). Methods: An interview with health professionals was carried out using a descriptive and qualitative methodology in 2019 at a university hospital in the city of Bagé, located in the Campanha Region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A total of four guiding questions were formulated: (1) knowledge about solid hospital waste; (2) identification of solid hospital waste; (3) routine in the health service when handling solid hospital waste; and (4) understanding of damage caused by solid hospital waste, with the interviewees' reports (n=18) being recorded and transcribed verbatim for content analysis. The following categories emerged: Understanding Solid Hospital Waste; SHW Management Steps; Difficulties and Limitations; and Risk of Inappropriate Disposal. Results: The data revealed weaknesses on the subject in terms of concept, management and risks; there is no clarity about the logistics involving SHW; there is a lack of knowledge about the categorization of the different types and the management of SHW, highlighting the lack of understanding of the correct disposal of the SHW generated in the hospital context and signaling the need for training on the subject. Conclusion: The difficulties related to the interviewees' knowledge and understanding of the subject were understood and impact their attitudes and practices.
Objetivo: Comprender la percepción, actitudes y prácticas de trabajadores de un hospital universitario frente a residuos sólidos de salud (RSS). Métodos: Fue realizado, por medio de metodología descriptiva y cualitativa, encuesta con profesionales de salud en 2019 en un hospital universitario del municipio de Bagé, ubicado en la Región de la Campaña del Estado del Rio Grande del Sur, Brasil. Fueron desarrolladas un total de cuatro cuestiones norteadoras: (1) conocimiento sobre residuos sólidos hospitalarios; (2) identificación de residuos sólidos hospitalarios; (3) rutina en el servicio de salud al manejar residuos sólido hospitalarios; y (4) entendimiento sobre daños provocados por residuos hospitalarios, siendo las hablas de los deponentes (n=18) grabadas, con posterior transcripción literal para análisis de contenido. Surgieron las categorías: Entendimiento sobre Residuos Sólidos Hospitalarios; Etapas de Gestión de RSS; Dificultades y Limitaciones; y Riesgo de Eliminación Inapropiado. Resultados: Los datos mostraron debilidad sobre la temática cuanto al concepto, gestión y riesgos; no habiendo claridad sobre la logística dada a los RSS; hay falta de conocimiento sobre la categorización de los distintos tipos y la gestión de RSS, evidenciando el no entendimiento de la correcta eliminación de los RSS generados en el contexto hospitalario, señalando para la necesidad de entrenamiento sobre el tema. Conclusión: Se comprendieron las dificultades sobre el conocimiento y entendimiento de los encuestados del presente estudio acerca de la temática, impactando en sus actitudes y en sus prácticas.
Subject(s)
Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Exfoliative/chemically induced , Etodolac/adverse effects , Aged , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Betamethasone/therapeutic use , Dermatitis, Exfoliative/drug therapy , Dermatitis, Exfoliative/pathology , Emollients , Female , Humans , Prednisolone/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Background: GEPPO is a prospective observational multi-centric cohort including HIV-infected geriatric patients. We hypothesized that the GEPPO cohort may help characterize antiretroviral (ARV) prescribing criteria used in real life by Italian infectious disease (ID) physicians. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study describing the current ARV regimen in a geriatric HIV population (≥65 years). Antiretroviral strategies were categorized as follows: (i) multidrug regimens (MDRs), which comprised triple or mega ART combinations; (ii) less drug regimens (LDRs), which comprised fewer than three ART compounds. Multi-morbidity (MM) was defined as the presence of three or more non-communicable diseases, and polypharmacy (PP) as the use of five or more medications in chronic use. Four alternative combinations (MM+PP+, MM+PP-, MM-PP+, MM-PP-) were used in logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 1222 HIV-positive patients were included (median age 70 years). Females composed 16% of the cohort. Median duration of HIV infection was 17 years; 335 population members had been infected for >20 years. MM was present in 64% and PP in 37% of the patients. Treatment consisted of triple therapy in 66.4%, dual therapy in 25.3%, monotherapy in 6.5% and 'mega-ART' with more than three drugs in 1.64% of the patients. In multivariate logistic regression MM and PP were predictive for mono-dual, NRTI-sparing and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-sparing combinations. Female gender and age were predictors of unboosted ARV regimens. Conclusions: High prevalence of non-conventional ARV regimens in elderly HIV patients suggests that clinicians try to tailor ARV regimens according to age, HIV duration, MM and PP.
Subject(s)
Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV-1/drug effects , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , HIV Infections/blood , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/virology , Health Services for the Aged , Humans , Italy/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Chronic Conditions/epidemiology , Polypharmacy , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Prospective Studies , Tenofovir/therapeutic use , Viral LoadABSTRACT
Esse trabalho foi realizado em casa de vegetação, no CCA-UFES, Alegre-ES, e objetivou-se estudar o efeito de diferentes alturas de corte do caule na brotação de mamoeiro Tainung 01 (Carica papaya L.). O trabalho foi realizado em duas fases, utilizando plantas com idade de 190 dias, cultivadas em recipientes de polietileno de 1288 cm³. Na primeira fase, o delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 14 repetições e três tratamentos: corte do caule com 20; 35 e 50 cm de altura, medidos a partir do colo da planta. Após 30 dias do corte do caule, avaliaram-se as seguintes características agronômicas: diâmetro do broto terminal, medido na sua base; tamanho do broto terminal, medido da base do broto à gema apical; número de folhas do broto terminal maiores que 1 cm, no seu maior comprimento e número de brotos por planta maiores que 1 cm. Cada planta representou uma parcela. Nessa primeira fase, o tamanho do broto terminal foi a característica que apresentou diferença significativa. Na segunda fase, foram retirados todos os brotos terminais das plantas utilizadas na fase anterior, para se dar continuidade ao ensaio. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com 13 repetições, em parcela subdividida, onde os tratamentos primários foram os mesmos da fase anterior e na subparcela foi feita avaliação no primeiro e aos 15 e 30 dias. As características agronômicas avaliadas foram as mesmas da primeira fase. O corte do caule, feito a 20 cm de altura, proporcionou melhor desenvolvimento do broto terminal e aumento do número de folhas do broto terminal.
This work was carried out at greenhouse, in the CCA-UFES, Alegre-ES and had as an aim to study the effect of different heights of cut of stem in sproution of papaya plants Tainung 01 (Carica papaya L.). The work was carried out in two phases, utilizing plants with age of 190 days cultivated in polyethylene containers of 1288 cm³. In the first phase, the experimental design was in completely randomized design, with three treatments and 14 replications of one plant per plot: plants cutting with 20; 35 e 50 cm of height, measured from the plant lap. After 30 days of cut of the stem, they evaluated the next agronomical characteristic: last shoot diameter, last shoot size, last shoot leaf number larger one centimeter and shoot number for plant. In this first phase, the last shoot size was the characteristic that introduced significant difference. In the second phase, last shoots of plants utilized in the previous phase were removed. The experimental design was in completely randomized design with 13 repetitions in split plot, with the primary treatments of the previous phase and in split plot was made an evaluation in the first one and at 15 and 30 days. The agronomical characteristic evaluated was the same of the first phase. The cutting at 20 cm height provides better last shoot development and increase of the leaf number in the last shoot.
