[Vitamin E and its structural analogs in tuberculosis]. / Vitamin E i ego strukturnye analogi pri tuberkuleze.

Efficiency of tocopherol, its analog with a shortened side chain as well as their quinons for tuberculosis was determined. All the studied compounds inhibited peroxide-formation processes in the liver homogenate and mitochondria. The vitamin E amount in the blood is considerably decreased in case of tuberculosis. The studied analogs increased its content and possessed a weak tuberculostatic but expressed antiedemic and antiinflammatory action. Administration of vitamin E in combination with isoniazid to sick animals had a favourable effect on the processes of tissue respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. If taking a sum of characters, tocopherol acetate with a shortened side chain is the most efficient of all the analogs under study for the tuberculosis therapy.

[Tocopherol modulation of acetylcholine-induced current in mollusk neurons]. / Moduliatsiia tokoferolom atsetilkholinindutsiruemogo toka v neironakh molliuska.

It is shown that vitamin E (tocopherol) and arachidonic acid are antagonists at the cellular level in regulation of Ca-calmodulin-dependent acetylcholine-induced current in molluscan neurons.

[Possibility of preventing muscular dystrophy in E avitaminosis with alpha-tocopheronolactone and diludin]. / Izuchenie vozmozhnosti preduprezhdeniia myshechnoi distrotii pri E-avitaminoze al'fa-tokoferonolaktonom i diludinom.

The efficacy of pharmacopeial alpha-tocopheryl acetate, alpha-tocopheronolactone and the antioxidant diludin was studied as to the possibilities of preventing E-hypovitaminosis muscle dystrophy in rabbits. alpha-Tocopheronolactone action was similar to that of pharmacopeial alpha-tocopheryl acetate as regards E-vitamin activity that was manifested by an increase in the body mass, decrease in the urine creatine index and maintenance of normal ubiquinone content, as well as of succinate-ubiquinone-reductase, NADH-ubiquinone-reductase and NADH-cytochrome c-reductase activity of rabbit skeletal muscle and heart mitochondria. On the contrary , as a result of the antioxidant administration, no direct correlation was found between ubiquinone content and activity of ubiquinone-dependent enzymatic systems of mitochondria. The data obtained attest to high E-vitamin activity of alpha-tocopheronolactone. The action of the latter was disclosed to be different from that produced by the antioxidant.

[Effectiveness of different alpha-tocopherol derivatives in preventing experimental muscular dystrophy in chickens]. / Izuchenie éffektivnosti razlichnykh proizvodnykh al'fa-tokoferola v preduprezhdenii éksperimental'noi myshechnoi distrofii u tsypliat.

Activity of vitamin E and its derivatives--alpha-tocopheryl quinone, its short chain analogue and alpha-tocopheryl acetate also containing short chain molecule were studied during chicken experimental muscular dystrophy. alpha-Tocopheryl quinone containing short chain molecule proved to be the most active substance; similarly to vitamin E the preparation increased the erythrocyte resistance to osmotic haemolysis, distinctly increased the content of ubiquinone and decreased concentration of ubichromenol in the chicken liver tissue as compared with E-deficient animals. At the same time, the content of ubiquinone was unaltered in skeletal muscles. The data obtained suggest that vitamin E could be effectively substituted by its derivatives for prevention an treatment of muscular dystrophy.

[E-vitamin activity of vitamin E derivatives with experimental encephalomalacia in chicks]. / E-vitaminnaia aktivnost' proizvodnykh vitamina E pri eksperimental'noi entsefalomaliatsii u tsypliat.

When adding pharmacopoeian alpha-tocopherylacetate, short-chain alpha-tocopherylacetate, alpha-tocopherylquinine, short-chain alpha-tocopherylquinone and alpha-tocopheronolactone to E-avitaminotic rations pharmacopoeian alpha-tocopherylacetate and alpha-tocopheronolactone manifest the highest E-vitamin activity in preventing encephalomalacia in chickens. The action of alpha-tocopheronolactone is not directly associated with changes in the content of vitamin E and ubiquinone in the brain and liver tissues. All the studied derivatives are effective in increasing resistance of erythrocytes to osmotic hemolysis. The data obtained evidence for a nonspecific function of vitamin E in preventing alimentary encephalomalacia in chickens as well as for the absence of disturbances in ubiquinone metabolism under conditions of the E-hypovitaminosis experimental model.

[Effects of alpha-tocopherol derivatives on natural quinone levels in the tissues of vitamin E deficient rats]. / Deistvie proizvodnykh al'fa-tokoferola na soderzhanie prirodnykh khinonov v tkaniakh vitamin E-nedostatochnykh krys.

The effects of alpha-tocopherol and its derivatives (alpha-tocopherylquinone, its short-chained analog--alpha-tocopheronolactone--and short-chained alpha-tocopherylacetate) on the levels of ubiquinone, its cyclic isomer--ubichromenol--and vitamin E in the liver and heart of vitamin E-deficient rats were studied. After injection of alpha-tocopherol derivatives the levels of ubichromenol and ubiquinone in rat liver and heart were increased, while their ratio was decreased. alpha-Tocopheronolactone was found to exert the strongest action, which is probably due to its direct effect on ubiquinone metabolism in rat tissues.

[Vitamin E activity of some alpha-tocopherol derivatives and their effect on the ubiquinone level in rat liver in vitro]. / E-vitaminnaia aktivnost' nekotorykh proizvodnykh alpha-tokoferola i vliianie ikh na soderzhanie ubikhinona v pecheni krys in vitro.

An addition of alpha-tocopherol (I) and its synthetic derivatives (alpha-tocopheryl quinone (II), its short-chained analog (III), alpha-tocopherol lactone (IV), and short-chained alpha-tocopheryl acetate (V)) to the homogenized liver of vitamin E deficient rats resulted in a significant increase of ubiquinone after 2 hour incubation. Activity of the above derivatives (II-V) was not associated directly with their transformation into I or with a noticeable increase of the I content. There is a certain correlation between the chemical structure and the level of vitamin E activity of alpha-tocopherol derivatives that led to an increase in the ubiquinone content and prevented the decrease of tissue respiration and termination of pregnancy in rats.