Total Scapular Prosthesis, an Option for the Treatment of Scapular Chondrosarcoma.

Introduction: Chondrosarcoma has the highest prevalence among the primary malignant bone tumors in adults over the age of 50, and the scapular region is the most affected anatomical site. Case Report: We report the case of a 66-year-old female patient, with no previous medical history, who consulted for aggravating mixed, non-specific, and atraumatic pain in the right shoulder, evolving for a year. The radiological assessment, including a computed tomography (CT) scan, a magnetic resonance imaging, and a tumor CT-guided biopsy, confirmed the diagnosis of a Grade 2 chondrosarcoma. A curative surgical treatment was performed, by an extended tumor resection and simultaneous joint reconstruction by a reversed total shoulder prosthesis with a custom-made total scapular prosthesis. This option allows to maintain survival prognosis, associated with the preservation of upper limb function. Conclusion: The results were conclusive at the curative level and very encouraging from the functional point of view with progressive and partial recovery of the articular amplitudes, allowing the preservation of patient's autonomy and quality of life. No complications such as scapular dislocation or tumor recurrence were documented at 3-year postoperative follow-up.

Together Intra-Tumor Hypoxia and Macrophagic Immunity Are Driven Worst Outcome in Pediatric High-Grade Osteosarcomas.

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcomas (OTS) represent the most common primary bone cancer diagnosed in adolescents and young adults. Despite remarkable advances, there are no objective molecular or imaging markers able to predict an OTS outcome at diagnosis. Focusing on biomarkers contributing broadly to treatment resistance, we examine the interplay between the tumor-associated macrophages and intra-tumor hypoxia. METHODS: Radiological and immunohistochemical (IHC) data were correlated with the outcome in a retrospective and monocentric cohort of 30 pediatric OTS. We studied hypoxic (pS6, phospho-mTor, HIF-1α and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX)) and macrophagic (CD68 and CD163) biomarkers. RESULTS: The imaging analyses were based on MRI manual volumetric measures on axial post-contrast T1 weighted images, where, for each tumor, we determined the necrotic volume and its ratio to the entire tumor volume. When they were above 50 cm3 and 20%, respectively, they correlated with a worse overall survival (p = 0.0072 and p = 0.0136, respectively) and event-free survival (p = 0.0059 and p = 0.0143, respectively). IHC assessments enable a significant statistical link between HIF-1α/CAIX hyper-expressions, CD68+ cells and a worse outcome, whereas activation of mTor pathway was linked to a better survival rate and CD163+ cells. CONCLUSIONS: This study evidenced the links between hypoxia and immunity in OTS, as their poor outcome may be related to a larger necrotic volume on diagnostic MRI and, in biopsies, to a specific IHC profile.

Os estados de ânimo pré-competitivos e o desempenho de atletas de Voleibol de alto nível

Durante uma competição esportiva, os aspectos psicológicos envolvidos e o desempenho esportivo têm recebido grande atenção dos técnicos, da mídia e, principalmente, dos pesquisadores da área esportiva. A proposta deste estudo é descreva os estados de animo que estão presentes em atletas de alto rendimento antes do jogo, o desempenho durante o jogo e a relação entre os estados de animo e o desempenho. Participaram deste estudo as 14 atletas integrantes da Seleção Brasileira de Voleibol adulta feminina. Utilizou-se a Lista de Estados de Animo Presentes (LEAP) para se avaliarem os estados de animo e o software Data Volley para a análise do desempenho. A LEAP é uma lista composta de quarenta locuções que denotam estados positivos e negativos e foi aplicada na preleção, uma hora antes de se iniciar a partida. O software Data Volley foi utilizado para avaliar a efetividade de desempenho das ações de ataque, levantamento e recepção, realizada pelo jogador especialista em cada um dos fundamentos. A coleta de dados foi realizada no World Grand Prix 2009, nas fases classificatórias, em Macau e Coreia, e na final no Japão. No delineamento estatístico, adotouse um procedimento de análise não paramétrica. Os estados de animo foram avaliados por meio de uma análise descritiva de cada locução e a frequência de ocorrência em cada jogo. O desempenho das atletas nos jogos foi determinado por uma análise pareada, aplicando-se o teste de Wilcoxon, com um nível de significância de 5%, utilizando-se apenas as atletas que jogaram. Na investigação da relação entre os estados de animo e o desempenho, utilizaram-se os valores das escalas de intensidade das locuções de animo da equipe, nível baixo, mediano e alto, e os aplicativos de desempenho, bom e ruim...(AU)

During a sporting event, the psychological aspects of sports performance have received great attention of the coaches, the media, and especially of researchers in the field of sports. The purpose of this study is to describe the moods that are present in high-performance athletes before the game, the performance during the game and the relationship between moods and performance. Participants were 14 members of the Senior Women’s Brazilian Volleyball team. We used the Present Mood States List (LEAP) to assess moods and Data Volley software for performance analysis. LEAP is a list composed of forty nominal compound phrases that indicate subjective states, positive and negative, and the list was applied one hour before starting the match. Data Volley Software was used to evaluate the effectiveness of performance of the shares of attack setting and reception held by the specific player in each of the fundamental. Data collection was performed at the World Grand Prix 2009 in the qualifying stages of Macau and Korea, and in Japan in the final round. In the statistical design, we adopted a procedure for non-parametric analysis. Moods were assessed using a descriptive analysis of each utterance and frequency of occurrence in each game. The performance of the athletes in the games was determined by a paired analysis, applying the Wilcoxon test, with a significance level of 5%, using only the athletes who played. In investigating the relationship between moods and performance, we used the values of the intensity scales of low, medium and high levels to evaluate the states of moods and for performance the application of good and bad...(AU)