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1.
Arq Bras Cir Dig ; 33(3): e1525, 2020.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33331427

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Portal hypertension (PH) can be measured indirectly through a hepatic vein pressure gradient greater than 5 mmHg. Cirrhosis is the leading cause for PH and can present as complications ascites, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and esophagogastric varices, characterizing gastropathy. AIM: To evaluate the use of carvedilol as primary prophylaxis in the development of collateral circulation in rats submitted to the partial portal vein ligament (PPVL) model. METHOD: This is a combined qualitative and quantitative experimental study in which 32 Wistar rats were divided into four groups (8 animals in each): group I - cirrhosis + carvedilol (PPVL + C); group II - cirrhosis + vehicle (PPVL); group III - control + carvedilol (SO-sham-operated + C); group IV - control + vehicle (SO-sham-operated). After seven days of the surgical procedure (PPVL or sham), carvedilol (10 mg/kg) or vehicle (1 mL normal saline) were administered to the respective groups daily for seven days. RESULTS: The histological analysis showed no hepatic alteration in any group and a decrease in edema and vasodilatation in the PPVL + C group. The laboratory evaluation of liver function did not show a statistically significant change between the groups. CONCLUSION: Carvedilol was shown to have a positive effect on gastric varices without significant adverse effects.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/administration & dosage , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Carvedilol/administration & dosage , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Hypertension, Portal/complications , Animals , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/prevention & control , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Rats , Rats, Wistar
2.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 33(3): e1525, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1141906

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Portal hypertension (PH) can be measured indirectly through a hepatic vein pressure gradient greater than 5 mmHg. Cirrhosis is the leading cause for PH and can present as complications ascites, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and esophagogastric varices, characterizing gastropathy. Aim: To evaluate the use of carvedilol as primary prophylaxis in the development of collateral circulation in rats submitted to the partial portal vein ligament (PPVL) model. Method: This is a combined qualitative and quantitative experimental study in which 32 Wistar rats were divided into four groups (8 animals in each): group I - cirrhosis + carvedilol (PPVL + C); group II - cirrhosis + vehicle (PPVL); group III - control + carvedilol (SO-sham-operated + C); group IV - control + vehicle (SO-sham-operated). After seven days of the surgical procedure (PPVL or sham), carvedilol (10 mg/kg) or vehicle (1 mL normal saline) were administered to the respective groups daily for seven days. Results: The histological analysis showed no hepatic alteration in any group and a decrease in edema and vasodilatation in the PPVL + C group. The laboratory evaluation of liver function did not show a statistically significant change between the groups. Conclusion: Carvedilol was shown to have a positive effect on gastric varices without significant adverse effects.


RESUMO Racional: A hipertensão portal (HP), medida indiretamente através do gradiente pressórico da veia hepática >5 mmHg, tem como principal causa etiológica a cirrose. Possui como complicações a ascite, disfunção hepática, disfunção renal e varizes esofagogástricas, que caracterizam o quadro de gastropatia. Objetivo: Avaliar o uso do carvedilol como profilaxia primária no desenvolvimento da circulação colateral em ratos submetidos ao modelo de ligadura parcial de veia porta (LPVP). Método: Estudo experimental qualitativo e quantitativo no qual foram utilizados 32 ratos Wistar, divididos em quatro grupos (n=8): grupo I - cirrose + carvedilol (LPVP+C); grupo II - cirrose + veículo (LPVP); grupo III - controle + carvedilol (SO - sham-operated+C); grupo IV - controle + veículo (SO - sham-operated). Após transcorridos sete dias do procedimento cirúrgico, foi administrado carvedilol (10 mg/kg) e veículo (1mL) para os respectivos grupos por sete dias consecutivos. Resultados: A análise histológica não mostrou alteração hepática em nenhum grupo e diminuição de edema e vasodilatação no grupo LPVP+C. A avaliação laboratorial da função hepática não mostrou alteração com significância estatística entre os grupos. Conclusão: Carvedilol mostrou ser fármaco com efeito positivo no sangramento das varizes gástricas e sem efeitos adversos significantes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/administration & dosage , Carvedilol/administration & dosage , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Hypertension, Portal/complications , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/prevention & control , Rats, Wistar , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology
3.
Arq Bras Cir Dig ; 31(3): e1383, 2018 Aug 16.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30133675

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The role of autonomic nervous system in the development and maintenance of portal hypertension is not fully elucidated. It is known that the gene expression of norepinephrine in the superior mesenteric artery varies with time, and it may contribute for splanchnic vasodilation and its consequent hemodynamic repercussions. It is still not known exactly how the adrenergic expression behaves at the heart level in the initial stages of this process. AIM: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase), involved in the synthesis of norepinephrine, in the myocardium of rats submitted to partial ligation of the portal vein. METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Sham Operated and Portal Hypertension. The partial ligation was performed in the Portal Hypertension group, and after 1/6/24 h and 3/5/14 days the animals were euthanized. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to quantify the expression of the stained enzyme using the ImageJ program. RESULTS: The Portal Hypertension group expressed percentages between 4.6-6% of the marked area, while the Sham Operated group varied between 4-5%. Although there was no statistical significance, the percentage stained in the Portal Hypertension group followed an increasing pattern in the first 6 h and a decreasing pattern after 24 h, which was not observed in the Sham Operated group. CONCLUSION: The expression of noradrenaline in rat myocardium during the first two weeks after partial ligation of the portal vein, with tyrosine hydroxylase as marker, did not show differences between groups over time.


Subject(s)
Hypertension, Portal/etiology , Myocardium/metabolism , Norepinephrine/biosynthesis , Animals , Catecholamines/physiology , Disease Models, Animal , Male , Norepinephrine/physiology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/biosynthesis
4.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 31(3): e1383, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-949243

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The role of autonomic nervous system in the development and maintenance of portal hypertension is not fully elucidated. It is known that the gene expression of norepinephrine in the superior mesenteric artery varies with time, and it may contribute for splanchnic vasodilation and its consequent hemodynamic repercussions. It is still not known exactly how the adrenergic expression behaves at the heart level in the initial stages of this process. Aim: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase), involved in the synthesis of norepinephrine, in the myocardium of rats submitted to partial ligation of the portal vein. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Sham Operated and Portal Hypertension. The partial ligation was performed in the Portal Hypertension group, and after 1/6/24 h and 3/5/14 days the animals were euthanized. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to quantify the expression of the stained enzyme using the ImageJ program. Results: The Portal Hypertension group expressed percentages between 4.6-6% of the marked area, while the Sham Operated group varied between 4-5%. Although there was no statistical significance, the percentage stained in the Portal Hypertension group followed an increasing pattern in the first 6 h and a decreasing pattern after 24 h, which was not observed in the Sham Operated group. Conclusion: The expression of noradrenaline in rat myocardium during the first two weeks after partial ligation of the portal vein, with tyrosine hydroxylase as marker, did not show differences between groups over time.


RESUMO Racional: O papel do sistema nervoso autônomo na hipertensão portal não está completamente elucidado. Sabe-se que, nessa condição, a expressão gênica da norepinefrina na artéria mesentérica superior modifica-se com o tempo, podendo ser importante contribuinte para a vasodilatação esplâncnica e suas repercussões hemodinâmicas. Apesar dos estudos sobre as repercussões cardiovasculares na hipertensão portal, ainda não se sabe como a expressão adrenérgica se comporta a nível cardíaco nas etapas iniciais desse processo. Objetivo: Avaliar a expressão imunoistoquímica da enzima tirosina hidroxilase (tirosina 3-mono-oxigenase), relacionada à síntese da norepinefrina, no miocárdio de ratos submetidos à ligadura parcial da veia porta. Métodos: Foram utilizados 24 ratos, distribuídos em dois grupos: Sham Operated e Hipertensão Portal. A ligadura parcial da veia porta foi realizada apenas no grupo Hipertensão Portal e, após 1/6/24 h e 3/5/14 dias, os animais foram eutanasiados. Foi feita a análise imunoistoquímica para quantificar a expressão da enzima corada, utilizando o programa ImageJ. Resultados: No grupo Hipertensão Portal, o miocárdio expressou percentuais entre 4,6-6% de área marcada, enquanto que no grupo Sham Operated variou entre 4-5%, sem significância estatística. Apenas no grupo Hipertensão Portal, a porcentagem corada pela enzima seguiu padrão crescente nas primeiras 6 h e decrescente após 24 h. Conclusão: A expressão da noradrenalina no miocárdio de ratos durante as primeiras duas semanas após a ligadura parcial da veia porta, tendo como marcador a enzima tirosina hidroxilase, não apresentou diferenças entre grupos ao longo do tempo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Norepinephrine/biosynthesis , Hypertension, Portal/etiology , Myocardium/metabolism , Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/biosynthesis , Catecholamines/physiology , Norepinephrine/physiology , Rats, Wistar , Disease Models, Animal
5.
Einstein (Sao Paulo) ; 15(2): 178-185, 2017.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28767916

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of portal vein ligation in hepatic regeneration by immunohistochemical criteria. METHODS: Ten pigs divided into two groups of five animals underwent hepatectomy in two stages, and the groups were differentiated by ligation or not of the left portal vein tributary, which is responsible for vascularization of the left lateral and medial lobes of the pig liver. Five days after the procedure, the animals underwent liver biopsies for further analysis of histological and immunohistochemical with marker Ki67. RESULTS: The group submitted to hepatectomy with vascular ligation showed an increase of approximately 4% of hepatocytes in regeneration status, as well as a greater presence of Kupffer and inflammatory cells as compared to control. CONCLUSION: As a result of positive cell replication observed through the Ki67 marker, we can suspect that the ligation of a tributary of the portal vein associated with liver resection promoted a greater stimulus of liver regeneration when compared to liver resection alone. OBJETIVO: Analisar a influência da ligadura da tributária da veia porta no estímulo regenerativo hepático por meio de critérios imuno-histoquímicos. MÉTODOS: Dez suínos, divididos em dois grupos de cinco animais, foram submetidos à hepatectomia em dois estágios, sendo que os grupos foram diferenciados pela ligadura ou não da tributária da veia porta, responsável pela vascularização dos lobos lateral e medial esquerdos do fígado do suíno. Cinco dias após o procedimento, os animais foram reabordados para retirada de amostras hepáticas para posterior análise de histológica e imunoistoquímica com o marcador Ki67. RESULTADOS: O grupo submetido à hepatectomia com ligadura vascular apresentou incremento de 4% aproximadamente de hepatócitos em processo de regeneração, bem como grande número de células de Kupffer e células inflamatórias, quando comparado ao controle. CONCLUSÃO: Em virtude da análise positiva da replicação celular observada por meio do marcador Ki67, pode-se observar que a ligadura de uma tributária da veia porta promoveu um maior estímulo de regeneração hepática, efeito observado com menor intensidade no grupo submetido apenas à ressecção hepática.


Subject(s)
Hepatectomy/methods , Liver Regeneration , Liver/surgery , Parenchymal Tissue/surgery , Portal Vein/surgery , Animals , Hepatocytes/metabolism , Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism , Leukocytes , Ligation/methods , Liver/pathology , Models, Animal , Parenchymal Tissue/pathology , Random Allocation , Swine
6.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 15(2): 178-185, Apr.-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-891376

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the influence of portal vein ligation in hepatic regeneration by immunohistochemical criteria. Methods Ten pigs divided into two groups of five animals underwent hepatectomy in two stages, and the groups were differentiated by ligation or not of the left portal vein tributary, which is responsible for vascularization of the left lateral and medial lobes of the pig liver. Five days after the procedure, the animals underwent liver biopsies for further analysis of histological and immunohistochemical with marker Ki67. Results The group submitted to hepatectomy with vascular ligation showed an increase of approximately 4% of hepatocytes in regeneration status, as well as a greater presence of Kupffer and inflammatory cells as compared to control. Conclusion As a result of positive cell replication observed through the Ki67 marker, we can suspect that the ligation of a tributary of the portal vein associated with liver resection promoted a greater stimulus of liver regeneration when compared to liver resection alone.


RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a influência da ligadura da tributária da veia porta no estímulo regenerativo hepático por meio de critérios imuno-histoquímicos. Métodos Dez suínos, divididos em dois grupos de cinco animais, foram submetidos à hepatectomia em dois estágios, sendo que os grupos foram diferenciados pela ligadura ou não da tributária da veia porta, responsável pela vascularização dos lobos lateral e medial esquerdos do fígado do suíno. Cinco dias após o procedimento, os animais foram reabordados para retirada de amostras hepáticas para posterior análise de histológica e imunoistoquímica com o marcador Ki67. Resultados O grupo submetido à hepatectomia com ligadura vascular apresentou incremento de 4% aproximadamente de hepatócitos em processo de regeneração, bem como grande número de células de Kupffer e células inflamatórias, quando comparado ao controle. Conclusão Em virtude da análise positiva da replicação celular observada por meio do marcador Ki67, pode-se observar que a ligadura de uma tributária da veia porta promoveu um maior estímulo de regeneração hepática, efeito observado com menor intensidade no grupo submetido apenas à ressecção hepática.


Subject(s)
Animals , Portal Vein/surgery , Parenchymal Tissue/surgery , Hepatectomy/methods , Liver/surgery , Liver Regeneration , Swine , Random Allocation , Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism , Hepatocytes/metabolism , Models, Animal , Parenchymal Tissue/pathology , Leukocytes , Ligation/methods , Liver/pathology
7.
Rev. méd. Paraná ; 74(1): 13-16, 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362227

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar a relação entre sazonalidade e IAM através de pesquisa realizada no Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba (HUEC).Foram analisados 235 prontuários eletrônicos de pacientes que foram diagnosticados com IAM no ano de 2014 e internados no serviço de cardiologia do HUEC. Através da análise destes prontuários foram levantados: idade, sexo, motivo da procura pelo atendimento, período do dia, dia da semana, mês e estação do ano em que ocorreu o IAM. Foram encontrados que a faixa etária predominante é entre 60 e 69 anos (31%), 63% pertencentes ao sexo masculino, 56% dos pacientes deram entrada vindos de outros serviços de saúde já com o diagnóstico de IAM. A maioria dos pacientes foram atendidos no período da manhã, com destaque nas terças e sextas-feiras (19% cada), no mês de junho (17%) e no outono (32%). Assim, pode-se comprovar a relação entre IAM e sazonalidade e ocorrência semanal e circadiana em Curitiba.


The objective of this study is demonstrate the AMI seasonality relation in the University Hospital of Curitiba, PR. Which analyzed 235 electronic medical records of patients who were diagnosed with AMI in 2014 and admitted to the cardiology service of the Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba (HUEC). Through analysis of these records were collected data: reason for seeking care, sex and age of the patient, time of day, day of week, month and season it occurred AMI. We found that the predominant age group is between 60 and 69 years (31%), 63% were male and 56% of patients were coming entry of other health services already diagnosed with. As for the time of day, day of the week, month and season, most patients receiving healthcare in the morning, especially on Tuesdays and Fridays (19% each), in June (17%) and in the fall (32%). Therefore, it was confirmed the relationship between AMI and seasonality and weekly and Circadian occurrence.

8.
Rev. méd. Paraná ; 74(1): 17-20, 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362235

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desse trabalho é demonstrar a presença dos fatores de risco para a ocorrência de infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) nos pacientes atendidos no Hospital Universitário de Curitiba, PR. Foram analisados: hipertensão arterial sistêmica, dislipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesidade, sedentarismo, tabagismo, etilismo, IAM prévio, uso prévio de estatinas e uso prévio de anti-agregantes plaquetários. Como resultado foi demonstrado que 79% referiu HAS, 47% referiram dislipidemia, 36% eram portadores de DM, 60% dos informados obesos, 76% dos informados eram sedentários, 48% tabagista, 8% dos informados referiram etilismo, 43% já possuíam história prévia de IAM, 45% afirmaram uso contínuo prévio de estatinas e 63% anti-agregante plaquetário. Desta forma, evidencia-se que o controle dos fatores de risco cada vez mais destaca-se como importante alvo tanto de prevenção primária quanto secundária, devendo ser adotado como foco por parte das autoridades da saúde pública.


The objective of this study is to demonstrate the presence of risk factors for the occurrence of acute myocardialinfarction (AMI) in patients assisted at a university hospital of Curitiba, PR. We reanalyzed: hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol consumption, previous AMI, previous use of statin drugs and previous use of antiplatelet agents. As a result it was demonstrated that 79% reported hypertension, 47% reported dyslipidemia, 36% had DM, 60% of obese informed, 76% of reported were sedentary, 48% smokers, 8% of reported reported alcohol use, 43% already had previous history of AMI, 45% said prior continuous use of statins and 63% antiplatelet. Thus, it is evident that the control of risk factors increasingly stands out as animportant target both primary and secondary prevention and should be adopted as a focus by the public health authorities.

9.
Rev. méd. Paraná ; 74(1): 70-72, 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1363116

ABSTRACT

A Síndrome de Marfan é uma anomalia genética autossômica dominante do tecido conjuntivo com comprometimento sistêmico através do defeito da fibrilina-1. Entre as complicações clínicas destacam-se endocardite infecciosa, dissecção de aorta, insuficiência aórtica ou mitral, cardiomiopatia dilatada e descolamento de retina. O objetivo deste relato de caso foi descrever o caso de uma paciente do gênero feminino diagnosticada com Síndrome de Marfan que apresentava um extenso aneurisma de arco aórtico e aorta ascendente, submetida a tratamento cirúrgico bem sucedido no serviço de cardiologia do Hospital Vita Batel (Curitiba-PR). Assim, destaca-se a importância do diagnóstico precoce e terapêutica adequada.


Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder of the connective tissue with multisystemic caused by defect of fibrillin-1. There are many clinical complications as infective endocarditis, aortic dissection, aorticor mitral insufficiency, dilated cardiomyopathy and retinal detachment. The purpose of this article is describe a female patient diagnosed withMarfan's syndrome and an extensive aneurysm of the aortic arch and ascending aorta who successful undergoing surgery in the cardiology service Vita Hospital Batel (Curitiba-Brasil).Thus, it highlights the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate therapy.

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