Non-responder migraine patients to a first anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody benefit from a switch to a second one. / Efecto beneficioso del cambio a un segundo anticuerpo monoclonal anti-CGRP en pacientes con migraña no respondedores a un primero.

TITLE: Efecto beneficioso del cambio a un segundo anticuerpo monoclonal anti-CGRP en pacientes con migraña no respondedores a un primero.

Epigenetic changes in headache.

INTRODUCTION: Multiple factors, including both genetic and environmental mechanisms, appear to play a role in the aetiology of headache. An interesting area of study is the possible involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in headache development and the transformation to chronic headache, and the potential role of these factors as a therapeutic target. METHODS: We performed a literature review of the involvement of different epigenetic mechanisms in headache, mainly using the Medline/PubMed database. To this end, we used the following English search terms: headache, migraine, epigenetics, DNA methylation, histones, non-coding RNA, and miRNA. RESULTS: A total of 15 English-language publications related to the above terms were obtained. CONCLUSION: There is limited but consistent evidence of the relationship between epigenetics and headache; it is therefore essential to continue research of epigenetic changes in headache. This may help to understand the pathophysiology of headache and even to identify candidate biomarkers and new, more effective, therapeutic targets.

Modificaciones epigenéticas en las cefaleas / Epigenetic changes in headache

Introducción: En las cefaleas parece existir una influencia multifactorial, tanto de mecanismos genéticos como ambientales, siendo interesante el estudio de la posible participación de mecanismos epigenéticos en su desarrollo, cronificación y potencial papel como diana terapéutica.MétodosHemos llevado a cabo una revisión bibliográfica, principalmente a través de la base de datos Medline/PubMed, de la implicación de los distintos mecanismos epigenéticos en las cefaleas. Para ello hemos utilizado los términos de búsqueda en inglés: headache, migraine, epigenetics, DNA methylation, histones, non-coding RNA y miRNA.ResultadosSe obtuvieron un total de 15 publicaciones en idioma inglés relacionadas con los términos anteriores.ConclusionesExisten indicios de la relación entre la epigenética y las cefaleas, siendo imprescindible, debido al reducido número de estudios, continuar con la investigación de las modificaciones epigenéticas en las cefaleas. Esto podría ayudar a comprender la fisiopatología de las cefaleas e incluso identificar biomarcadores y nuevas dianas terapéuticas más eficaces. (AU)

Introduction: Multiple factors, including both genetic and environmental mechanisms, appear to play a role in the aetiology of headache. An interesting area of study is the possible involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in headache development and the transformation to chronic headache, and the potential role of these factors as a therapeutic target.MethodsWe performed a literature review of the involvement of different epigenetic mechanisms in headache, mainly using the Medline/PubMed database. To this end, we used the following English search terms: headache, migraine, epigenetics, DNA methylation, histones, non-coding RNA, and miRNA.ResultsA total of 15 English-language publications related to the above terms were obtained.ConclusionThere is limited but consistent evidence of the relationship between epigenetics and headache; it is therefore essential to continue research of epigenetic changes in headache. This may help to understand the pathophysiology of headache and even to identify candidate biomarkers and new, more effective, therapeutic targets. (AU)

Neurocisticercosis mesencefálica y neuropatía óptica: ¿asociación causal o casual? / Mesencephalic neurocysticercosis and optical neurophathy: causal or casual association?

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