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1.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 45(5): 256-263, sept.- oct. 2023.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-225286

ABSTRACT

Introducción Se desconoce la importancia del acceso temprano a la fisioterapia (FT) en personas sometidas a cirugía abdominal de urgencia, por lo tanto este estudio se enfocó en determinar la efectividad de la FT temprana versus tardía en la mejora de niveles funcionales y reducción de complicaciones postoperatorias (CP) en adultos sometidos a este procedimiento. Metodología Estudio retrospectivo que incluyó a 132 pacientes ingresados por cirugía abdominal de urgencia. Se registró el inicio de FT (temprana vs. tardía), se evaluó la funcionalidad mediante índice de Barthel y la puntuación acumulada de deambulación (CAS), las CP y la duración de la estancia hospitalaria. Resultados Las personas que recibieron FT temprana exhibieron CP de menor gravedad (p=0,012). Asimismo, el grupo con FT temprana tuvo estancias hospitalarias más cortas (mediana=10 vs. 17 días; p=0,0001). Adicionalmente, se observó que la funcionalidad intrahospitalaria disminuyó respecto a valores prehospitalarios (índice de Barthel y CAS), mientras que al alta se observaron incrementos parciales, sin diferencias entre los grupos que recibieron FT temprana o tardía. Sin embargo, el grupo con FT temprana requirió un menor número de sesiones de FT motora (p=0,04). Conclusión En el presente estudio el desarrollo de CP de menor gravedad, menores estancias hospitalarias y una menor necesidad de FT motora fue observada en pacientes sometidos a cirugía abdominal de urgencia que recibieron FT temprana respecto a tardía. Esto sugiere que la FT temprana en este contexto optimizaría los recursos asociados a la atención en salud, mejorando además el proceso posquirúrgico en estos pacientes (AU)


Introduction Given that the relevancy of early physiotherapy (PT) in persons undergoing emergency abdominal surgery is unknown, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of early versus late physiotherapy in improving functional levels and reducing postoperative complications (PC) in adults undergoing this procedure. Methodology Longitudinal retrospective study which included a sample of 132 patients admitted for emergency abdominal surgery. Functionality was evaluated using the Barthel index and the cumulated ambulation score (CAS). In addition, the type of PT (early vs. late) and the date of its onset were recorded, the PC during the hospital stay and the length of stay were recorded. Results Patients that received early PT exhibited less severe postoperative complications (p=0.012). Moreover, this group had a shorter length of stay (median=10 vs. 17 days; p=0.0001). In addition, in terms of functionality, decreases were observed during hospitalization compared with baseline levels (Barthel index and CAS), whereas a partial increase was observed at discharge, without differences between the patients that received early PT or not. Nevertheless, the early PT group required a lower number of PT sessions (p=0.04). Conclusion In this study, a less severe postoperative complications rate, shorter length of stay, and lower necessity of PT sessions were observed in adults undergoing emergency abdominal surgery that received early PT versus late PT. This suggests that early PT in this context would optimize health care resources, improving the postoperative process in these patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Therapy Modalities , Postoperative Complications/rehabilitation , Emergency Service, Hospital , Gastrointestinal Diseases/surgery , Abdomen/surgery , Severity of Illness Index , Physical Functional Performance , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
2.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 55(4): 251-257, oct. - dic. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-227779

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Evaluar la asociación entre la estancia hospitalaria, funcionalidad alcanzada y el tiempo hasta el inicio del tratamiento fisioterapéutico en los pacientes admitidos a un servicio de cirugía de un hospital de alta complejidad. Materiales y métodos Estudio observacional, analítico de corte transversal. Se incluyeron 279 personas (124 mujeres). Los días de retraso en el inicio de fisioterapia, los días cama, la estancia hospitalaria prolongada (percentil 75 de días cama), y el nivel funcional fueron registrados para investigar la influencia del retraso en el inicio de atención fisioterapéutica sobre estas variables. Resultados El número de días de retraso de atención fisioterapéutica estuvo altamente relacionado con el número de días cama (r2 = 0,74, p < 0,05). A su vez, un retraso mayor a cinco días en el inicio de atención fisioterapéutica se asocia al desarrollo de estancias hospitalarias prolongadas (p < 0,05). Sin embargo, la fisioterapia tuvo efectos similares sobre el nivel funcional, aun con retraso en su inicio (p > 0,05). Conclusiones Retrasos en el inicio de atención fisioterapéutica se asociaron con estancias hospitalarias prolongadas en pacientes admitidos a un servicio de cirugía de un hospital de alta complejidad. Futuros estudios deberían investigar los factores asociados a este fenómeno (AU)


Objective To evaluate the association between hospital stay, functional status and physical therapy delay (PT delay) in patients admitted to a surgery unit of a high complexity hospital. Materials and methods Observational, analytic and cross-sectional study. We included 279 patients (124 women). Days of PT delay (calculated as the difference between hospital admission and start of PT), days of bed rest, prolonged hospital stay (75th percentile of bed rest days), and functional status were registered to investigate the influence of PT delay on these variables. Results The number of days of PT delay was strongly associated with the number of bed rest days (r2 = 0.74, p < 0.05). Moreover, a PT delay of five days or more was associated with extended lengths of stay in our sample (p < 0.05). However, physical therapy had similar effects on functional status, even when there were PT delays (p > 0.05). Conclusions PT delay is associated with extended length of stay in patients admitted to a surgery unit of a high complexity hospital. Future studies should investigate the associated factors that could explain the occurrence of PT delays in surgical patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Length of Stay , Physical Therapy Modalities , Cross-Sectional Studies , Time Factors , Hospitalization
3.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 43(3): 136-142, mayo 2021. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-219044

ABSTRACT

Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio es caracterizar el rendimiento de fuerza prensil de las manos dominante y no dominante de hombres y mujeres entre 20 y 69 años de edad de la ciudad de Valdivia, Chile. Métodos A través de un muestreo estratificado no probabilístico por conveniencia, 401 sujetos sanos fueron reclutados y estratificados por quinquenios de edad. La fuerza prensil de las manos dominante y no dominante fueron medidas siguiendo el protocolo de la Sociedad Americana de Terapistas de Mano (ASHT, por sus siglas en inglés). Los resultados fueron estratificados y comparados según edad, sexo y dominancia. Resultados Un total de 401 sujetos (203 mujeres) fueron incluidos en el estudio, de los cuales el 94,8% tenía dominancia derecha. En general, la mano dominante de hombres y mujeres en cada quinquenio de edad tuvo una fuerza prensil más alta (p<0,05), y la diferencia entre manos dominante y no dominante en hombres y mujeres fue similar (∼4%). El peak de rendimiento de la mano dominante en hombres se observó entre los 25-29 años (46,2±6,6kg) y en mujeres entre los 40-44 años (29,7±3,7kg), mientras que en la mano no dominante, en hombres se observó entre los 50-54 años (43,2±6,3kg) y en mujeres entre los 40-44 (28,2±4,1kg). Conclusiones La fuerza prensil fue más alta en hombres en cada quinquenio de edad, sin embargo, los cambios de rendimiento por edad son diferentes entre hombres y mujeres. Por tanto, estas diferencias deberían ser tomadas en consideración cuando esta herramienta sea utilizada para valorar la funcionalidad de extremidad superior en población sana (AU)


Objective To characterize hand grip strength performance of the dominant hand and the non-dominant hand in men and women between 20 and 69 years of age from Valdivia, Chile. Methods Through a stratified non-probabilistic sampling by convenience, 401 healthy subjects were recruited and stratified in quinquennial age groups. Hand grip strength in the dominant hand and non-dominant hand was measured using the protocol established by the American Society of Hand Therapists (ASHT). Results were stratified and compared by age, sex, and hand dominancy. Results 401 subjects (203 women) completed the study, of whom ∼94% had right dominance. Overall, the dominant hand of the men and women exhibited better hand grip performance in every quinquennial age group (p<.05), and the difference between the dominant hand and the non-dominant hand in the men and women was similar (∼4%). Peak performance in the dominant hand was seen in the men aged between 25-29 (46.2±6.6kg) years while in the women it was between 40-44 years of age (29.7±3.7kg), whereas in the non-dominant hand peak performance was between the ages 50-54 in the men (43.2±6.3kg) and between 40-44 in the women (28.2±4.1kg). Conclusions As expected, grip strength was higher in men in every quinquennial group, nevertheless, changes in performance with age were different between the men and the women, therefore these differences should be taken into account when this tool is used to assess upper limb function in a healthy population (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Hand Strength/physiology , Muscle Strength/physiology , Aging , Functional Laterality/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies
4.
Rehabilitacion (Madr) ; 55(4): 251-257, 2021.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33070951

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between hospital stay, functional status and physical therapy delay (PT delay) in patients admitted to a surgery unit of a high complexity hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, analytic and cross-sectional study. We included 279 patients (124 women). Days of PT delay (calculated as the difference between hospital admission and start of PT), days of bed rest, prolonged hospital stay (75th percentile of bed rest days), and functional status were registered to investigate the influence of PT delay on these variables. RESULTS: The number of days of PT delay was strongly associated with the number of bed rest days (r2 = 0.74, p < 0.05). Moreover, a PT delay of five days or more was associated with extended lengths of stay in our sample (p < 0.05). However, physical therapy had similar effects on functional status, even when there were PT delays (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: PT delay is associated with extended length of stay in patients admitted to a surgery unit of a high complexity hospital. Future studies should investigate the associated factors that could explain the occurrence of PT delays in surgical patients.


Subject(s)
Functional Status , Physical Therapy Modalities , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Length of Stay , Male
5.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 42(6): 301-307, nov.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-197909

ABSTRACT

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO: La fisioterapia respiratoria (FR) es ampliamente utilizada para el manejo de disfunciones respiratorias infantiles, sin embargo, estudios dirigidos a objetivar este efecto son escasos. Por tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de una sesión de FR sobre la obstrucción bronquial en niños/as menores de 3 años. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio exploratorio. Fueron incluidos un total de 39 menores de 3 años (26 niños y 13 niñas) con diagnóstico de síndrome bronquial obstructivo (SBO). El nivel de obstrucción bronquial fue valorado mediante el score de Tal modificado antes y después de una sesión de FR. Mediante la prueba de Wilcoxon se compararon los niveles de obstrucción bronquial pre y postintervención en todo el grupo, según género y edad. RESULTADOS: Se observó una reducción significativa del grado de obstrucción bronquial en todo el grupo, varones, mujeres, menores y mayores de 9 meses (p < 0,05) posterior a una sesión de FR. CONCLUSIÓN: Una sesión de FR fue efectiva en disminuir el grado de obstrucción bronquial en niños/as con diagnóstico de SBO menores de 3 años


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Chest physical therapy (CPT) is widely used for the management of childhood respiratory disorders, however, studies that quantify this effect are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of a single chest physical therapy (CPT) session on the bronchial obstruction of children younger than three years old. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is an exploratory study. Thirty nine children younger than three years old (26 males and 13 females) with syndrome of bronchial obstruction (SBO) were included. The level of bronchial obstruction was measured with the modified Score of Tal before and after a single CPT session. Through the Wilcoxon test, comparisons of the bronchial obstruction levels were made of the whole group, males, females, and in those younger and older than 9 months as well. RESULTS: Significant reductions in bronchial obstruction levels were seen in all the children, an effect that was also seen in the males, females, and in those younger and older than 9 months (p<.05) after a single CPT session. CONCLUSION: A single CPT session was effective in reducing the bronchial obstruction levels in children with SBO, younger than three years old


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Airway Obstruction/rehabilitation , Physical Therapy Modalities/instrumentation , Airway Obstruction/diagnosis , Respiratory Rate/physiology , Cyanosis , Respiratory Sounds/physiology
6.
Obes Rev ; 18(7): 776-790, 2017 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28474421

ABSTRACT

Skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling has been proposed as a new feature associated with obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Exercise training improves muscle function in obesity, which may be mediated by regulatory effects on the muscle extracellular matrix. This review examined available literature on skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling during obesity and the effects of exercise. A non-systematic literature review was performed on PubMed of publications from 1970 to 2015. A total of 37 studies from humans and animals were retained. Studies reported overall increases in gene and protein expression of different types of collagen, growth factors and enzymatic regulators of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix in obesity. Only two studies investigated the effects of exercise on skeletal muscle extracellular matrix during obesity, with both suggesting a regulatory effect of exercise. The effects of exercise on muscle extracellular matrix seem to be influenced by the duration and type of exercise training with variable effects from a single session compared with a longer duration of exercise. More studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling during obesity and the effects of exercise.


Subject(s)
Exercise/physiology , Extracellular Matrix/physiology , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Obesity/physiopathology , Animals , Humans
7.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 48(3): 144-150, jul.-sept. 2014. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-123989

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La obesidad y el sobrepeso constituyen un problema de salud creciente tanto a nivel mundial como nacional. Estas alteraciones se presentan a edades cada vez más tempranas, determinando un importante factor de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV). Dentro de las alteraciones inmediatas, se encuentran anomalías del sistema cardiovascular controladas por el sistema nervioso autónomo. No obstante, la evidencia encontrada es limitada y en su mayoría no considera el ejercicio como método para evaluar la respuesta autonómica, la cual puede ser valorada mediante la recuperación de la frecuencia cardíaca (FCR) postejercicio. Objetivo: Analizar la capacidad de recuperación de la frecuencia cardíaca postejercicio aeróbico y anaeróbico de carácter submáximo en niños con y sin RCV. Metodología: Este es un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se incluyó a 49 niños de ambos sexos, entre 10 y 12 a˜nos, de colegios públicos. Se aplicó la prueba pararsesentarse en 30 s (anaeróbica) y la prueba Navetta (aeróbica), previa medición de diversas variables antropométricas por cada grupo. Resultados: No hubo diferencias significativas en la FCR al minuto 1, 2 y 3 postejercicio aeróbico y anaeróbico, entre sujetos con y sin RCV. Los niños sin RCV presentaron mejor rendimiento en la prueba aeróbica que los niños con RCV. Conclusiones: La recuperación de la frecuencia cardíaca no presenta diferencias entre niños con y sin RCV posterior a un ejercicio aeróbico y anaeróbico; sin embargo, los niños sin RCV presentan mayor rendimiento aeróbico que niños con RCV (AU)


Introduction: Obesity and overweight constitute a growing national and worldwide health problem. This problem is progressively developing at younger ages, and has become an important cardiovascular risk factor (CVR). Immediate alterations include deregulations in the cardiovascular system controlled by the autonomic nervous system. Nevertheless, evidence is limited and most studies do not use exercise as a method to assess the autonomic response, which can be measured by heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise. Objective: To analyze HRR after submaximal aerobic and anaerobic exercise in children with and without CVR. Methodology: This observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study included 49 boys and girls from public schools between the ages of 10 and 12 years. Diverse anthropometric variables were measured in each group. Two tests were applied, the 30-second Sit-to-Stand test (anaerobic) and the Course Navette test (aerobic). Results: No statistical significances at the first, second or third minute after aerobic or anaerobic exercise were found in HRR among participants with and without CVR. Children and teenagers without CVR performed better in the aerobic test. Conclusions: No differences in HRR were found among children and teenagers with or without CVR after aerobic or anaerobic exercise; however, the children without CVR performed better in the aerobic test than children with CVR (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Exercise/physiology , Heart Rate/physiology , Risk Factors , Autonomic Nervous System/physiology , Overweight/physiopathology , Obesity/physiopathology
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